Curriculum ApproachesGroup 5

EDMS 102: Curriculum Development

What is an APPROACH?

It is a way of dealing with something, a way of doing or thinking about something(Merriam-Webster).

What then is a CURRICULUM APPROACH?

It is a way of dealing with a curriculum, a way of doing/creating/designing/ thinking about a curriculum.

Curriculum Approaches

There are four curriculum approaches:◦ BEHAVIORAL APPROACH

◦ MANAGERIAL APPROACH

◦ SYSTEMS APPROACH

◦ HUMANISTIC APPROACH

Curriculum Approaches

Curriculum practitioners and implementers may use one or more approaches in planning, implementing, and evaluating the curriculum.

Curriculum Approaches

Textbook writers or instructional material producers also have different curricular approaches.

Behavioral Approach

Anchored on the behavioristprinciple.

Based on a blueprint – goals and objectives are specified, contents and activities are also arranged to match with the learning objectives.

Behavioral Approach

Learning outcomes are evaluated in terms of goals and objectivesset at the beginning.

Behavioral Approach

AIM – to achieve efficiency

PROPONENT – Frederick Taylor

In education, behavioral approach begins with educational plansthat start with the setting of goals and objectives.

Behavioral Approach

These are important ingredients in curriculum implementation as evaluating the learning outcomes as a change in behavior.

Behavioral Approach

CHANGE IN BEHAVIOR indicates the measure of

the accomplishments.

Managerial Approach

Became dominant in the 1950’s and 1960’s.

Principal = Curriculum leader

= Instructional leader

= General manager

Managerial Approach

General Manager – sets the policies and priorities, establishes the direction of change and innovation, and planning and organizing curriculum and instruction.

Managerial Approach

School Administration – less concerned about the content than about organization and implementation; less concerned about subject matter, methods, and materials than improving the curriculum.

Managerial Approach

Curriculum Managers – look at the curriculum changes and innovations as they administer the resources and restructure the schools.

Managerial Approach

Roles of the Curriculum Supervisors (Ornstein and Hunkins, 2004)

1. Help develop the school’s educational goals.

2. Plan curriculum with students, parents, teachers, and other stakeholders.

Managerial Approach

Roles of the Curriculum Supervisors (Ornstein and Hunkins, 2004)

3. Design programs of study by grade levels.

4. Plan or schedule classes or school calendar.

Managerial Approach

Roles of the Curriculum Supervisors (Ornstein and Hunkins, 2004)

5. Prepare curriculum guides or teacher guides by grade level or subject area.

6. Help in the evaluation and selection of textbooks.

Managerial Approach

Roles of the Curriculum Supervisors (Ornstein and Hunkins, 2004)

7. Observe teachers.

8. Assist teachers in the implementation of the curriculum.

9. Encourage curriculum innovation and change.

Managerial Approach

Roles of the Curriculum Supervisors (Ornstein and Hunkins, 2004)

10. Develop standards for curriculum and instructional evaluation.

Systems Approach

Influenced by systems theory.

The parts of the total school district or school are examined in terms of how they relate to each other.

Systems Approach

Organizational chart – represents a systems approach; shows the line-staff relationships of personnel and how decisions are made.

Systems Approach

George Beauchamp: the systems theory of education see the following to be of equal importance:1. ADMINISTRATION

2. COUNSELING

3. CURRICULUM

4. INSTRUCTION

5. EVALUATION

Humanistic Approach

Rooted in the progressive philosophy and child-centered movement

Considers the formal or planned curriculum and the informal or hidden curriculum.

Humanistic Approach

Considers the whole child and believes that in curriculum the total development of the individual is the prime consideration.

Humanistic Approach

The LEARNER is at the CENTER of the curriculum.

References:

http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/approach Accessed 02 July 2014

http://www.affordablecebu.com/load/schools_universities/organizational_structure_chart_of_deped/23-1-0-8418 Accessed 02 July 2014

Bilbao, Purita P. et al. (2008). Curriculum Development. Quezon City: Lorimar Publishing.

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