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Dean’s BreakfastDavid Lewis
August 8, 2011
Library Update
• Budget– $100K in base and $50K in cash for materials to
support new degree programs– $20K in base to support continuing added hours– New base to cover salary increases– Saved $50K on electronic resources due to
consortial contracts and renegotiations of existing contracts
Library Update
• Staffing– Four staff took the early retirement incentive
– Four new staff• Waheedah Bilal – Team Leader for Liberal Arts• Heather Coates – Digital Libraries Team• Summer Durant – Liberal Arts Team• Katie Emery – Business Librarian
Library Update
• Programs– “College Ready” information literacy project– Data management– Kiwanis International archive
– Review of e-books options and opportunities
Library Update
• Programs– Digital Projects
• Indianapolis Recorder digitization complete• History of Western Medicine in China• History Working Papers Project• Mau Mau interviews• Ketterson/Nolan dark-eyed junco project
Library Update
• Space– Completed 2120 technology lab– Popular reading alcove
– Learning Spaces 3
– Wish List• Readers Sanctuary• Expanded Herron Artist Book Alcove
On My Mind
1. The Inevitability of Open Access
2. Transformation of Collections
The Inevitability of Open Access
Open-access (OA) literature is digital, online, free of charge, and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions. OA removes price barriers (subscriptions, licensing fees, pay-per-view fees) and permission barriers (most copyright and licensing restrictions).
– Peter Suber
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/overview.htm
The Inevitability of Open Access
1993 – 20 OA journals publishing 247 articles2000 – 741 OA journals publishing 35,519 articles2005 – 2,837 OA journals publishing 90,720articles2009 – 4,767 OA journals publishing 191,851
articles
Mikael Laakso, Patrik Welling, Helena Bukvova, Linus Nyman, Bo-Christer Bjork, and Turid Hedlund, “The Development of Open Access Journal Publishing from 1993 to 2009,” PLos ONE 6(6): 2011 e20961. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0020961. Available at: http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0020961
The Inevitability of Open Access
2000
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0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
Figure 1: Straight-line Extrapolation of Direct Gold OA Share of Scholarly Articles
Laakso, et. al. Estimates
Staight-line Extrapolation Based on 2000-2009
Straight-line Extrapolation Based on 2005-2009
The Inevitability of Open Access
• Open Access is a disruptive innovation (Clayton Christensen)– New technology– New business model– Starts out as an inferior product– Improves over time and its advantages make
it dominant– Adoption follows an S-curve not a straight
line
The Inevitability of Open Access
Time
% o
f Mar
ket u
sing
Inno
vatio
n
0%
100%
The Inevitability of Open Access
2000
2002
2004
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2010
2012
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1.0%
10.0%
100.0%
Figure 2: Pace of Substitution of Direct Gold OA for Subscription Journals (log scale)
Laakso, et. al. Estimates S-curve Extrapolation Based on 2000-2009
S-curve Extrapolation Based on 2005-2009
The Inevitability of Open Access
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
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2024
0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
90.0%
100.0%
Figure 3: Pace of Substitution of Direct Gold OA for Subscription Journals (normal scale)
Laakso, et. al. Estimates S-curve Extrapolation Based on 2000-2009
S-curve Extrapolation Based on 2005-2009
The Inevitability of Open Access
• Good for libraries because scholarly journals will not eat up our budget
Between 1975 and 2005 the average cost of journals in chemistry and physics rose from $76.84 to $1,879.56. In the same period, the cost of a gallon of unleaded regular gasoline rose from 55 cents to $1.82. If the gallon of gas had increased in price at the same rate as chemistry and physics journals over this period it would have reached $12.43 in 2005, and would be over $14.50 today.
The Inevitability of Open Access
• Good for scholars because their work will be available to all who can use it, and their reputations will be enhanced
• Good for the public because scholarship won’t be locked up in libraries
The Inevitability of Open Access
• Bad for established publishers – I don’t care
• Libraries not part of the delivery system• Libraries should support OA on the
production side– Advance in Social Work– Indiana Libraries– Umbrella
The Inevitability of Open Access
• Policy on author fees – who pays?• Deposit mandate or not?
Transformation of Collections
Transformation of Collections
1. The digitization of content
Transformation of Collections
2. The development of print repositories
Opportunity Costs of Print Collections
$5.00 to $13.10
$28.77
$50.98 to $68.43
Life cycle cost based on 3% discount rate. From Paul N. Courant and Matthew “Buzzy” Nielsen, “On the Cost of Keeping a Book,” in The Idea of Order: Transforming Research Collections for 21st Century Scholarship, CLIR, June 2010, available at: http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub147abst.html
$141.89
Transformation of Collections
3. The development of e-readers and print-on-demand publishing
Transformation of Collections
4. The growth of open access
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
2022
2024
0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
90.0%
100.0%
Figure 3: Pace of Substitution of Direct Gold OA for Subscription Journals (normal scale)
Laakso, et. al. Estimates
S-curve Extrapolation Based on 2000-2009
S-curve Extrapolation Based on 2005-2009
Transformation of Collections
5. The challenges to establish academic publishing organizations
Transformation of Collections
6. The growth new forms of scholarship based on openness and social productivity
Openness (from Gideon Burton)
1. Open Access2. Open Review3. Open Dialogue4. Open Process5. Open Formats6. Open Data
Gideon Burton, “Scholarly Communications must be Open,” August 25, 2009 at: http://www.academicevolution.com/2009/08/scholarly-communications-must-transform-2.html
Openness (from Gideon Burton)
“It comes down to this: the more academia wishes to enjoy the benefits of the digital medium, the less it can hold on to restrictive and closed practices in the production, vetting, dissemination, and archiving of information.”
Gideon Burton, “Scholarly Communications must be Open,” August 25, 2009 at: http://www.academicevolution.com/2009/08/scholarly-communications-must-transform-2.html
Transformation of Collections
1. Deconstruct legacy print collections2. Move from item-by-item book selection to
purchase-on-demand and subscriptions3. Manage the transition to open access
journal collections
Transformation of Collections
5. Focus on curating unique items6. Develop new mechanisms for funding
national infrastructure
Questions/Comments
