Upload
bstev
View
16.318
Download
6
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
biodeterioration, textiles biodeterioration, timber biodeterioration, fuels biodeterioration, glass biodeterioration, stone biodeterioration, concrete biodeterioration, rubber biodeterioration, metal biodeterioration, control of biodeterioration, prevention of biodeterioration
Citation preview
Describe
BIODETERIORATION
b.stev
AN undesired change to
the property in
material/s caused by
SOME organismsThe impact on the materials listed and a method of prevention follow
metals
What is it?
timber
glass
concrete
rubber
textiles
stone
fuels
MOIST wood CAN grow cellular fungus ROT : dark brown spots
INSECTS: termites/ boers gnaw
MARINE BOERS: piles of the structures : hulls of wooden ships/ boats
MOLDS: threat in damp regions
MICROBES: draw at the wood
TIMBER TREATMENT
necessary to sustain wood
CUT LOGS converted timber preservative spray: 2-3mths storage
PESTICIDES: vacuum under pressure
most common treatment/s: BORON (pink)
PERMETHRIN PLUS (blue)
WOOD manufactured: exposure LIFE
(NZ timber preservation council, 2004)
ALL stages: process & storage
FUNGI: most common biodeteriorantCauses : - breaks in the molecules - elongation of thread - loss in strength - discolouration
TEXTILES
resist light /humidity
affinity to fabric
low toxicity
colour - less
odour - less
cost effective
BIOCIDES used need ability:
(Studentsguide.in, 2008)
H2O in fuel systemssystems allows microbe growth
CAUSES ECONOMIC LOSS & IS HAZARDOUS
fuels:
& are
microbes
THAT CAUSE THESE DEFECTS: ALSO
: a fungus in KEROSENE
Hormoconis resinal
Psuedomonas
Desulfovibrio
some MOULDS thrive > stickiness
(viscosity): roads/ asphalt /
pipe linings
organoboron isothiazolones
can be added:
controls bio-deterioration >bio-deterioration >FUEL
AVIATION fuels tanks drained
before flight
this rids collected H2OH2O
carries microbes
(Institute for energy and environment, 2008)
Glass
GLASS made with:
silica sand - silica(silicon dioxide) soda ash - sodium carbonate limestone - calcium carbonate
PREVENT CORROSIONPREVENT CORROSION
WASH regularly to maintain:
o Sponge rubrub & hot soapy soapy water
o Soft bristlesbristles ALSO if needed
o Wipe clean with rubber slide
(Martin.S.V, 2001)
Stone
Biodeteriorants to stone are: Microbes, Fungi,
Algae, Lichens & MossesWET/DRY cycles of the TROPICS :loosens & fragments stone. THEN -IS susceptible to biochemical factors
Detachment of materials
SHOW as:
Black/brown crust
Exfoliation
Plant roots cause damage
DiscolourationWhite/gray powder
White fluoroescence
Stains
PatchesPitting
Cracks
ERADICATION is in 2 STEPS:
one week: KILLS growth
BRUSH off - bristle brush.
TREATMENT: inhibit growth.
New
TO PRESERVE
NEW cleaned stone: pre-treat pre-treat BIOCIDE & H2O repellent
INHIBITS ATTACK:drainage systemsperiodic cleaning And resurfacing.
o ADD TOXIC SOLVENTS cleaning : scours off grime
o cleaning : add BIOCIDE > dibutyltin dilaurate
(Kumar. R. and Kumar. A.V, 1999)
PROTECTIVE COATINGS & BIOCIDES ARE USED
Concrete
3-5% fluorosilicate acid painted/ sprayed
45-50% solution - white spirit applied 1/2 coats : BIOCIDAL
4-6% solution - synthetic resins ie: polyesters/ epoxides : FUNICIDAL
(NAHB Research Center , 2008)
ALSO USED : COPPER NAPTHALENE
PENTACHLOROPHENOL
POROUSPOROUS/ HH22OO-SATURATED CONCRETE - SCALES the
H2O inside freezesfreezesH2O carries many CHEMICALSCHEMICALS acids/ sulfates/ chlorides
INSULATIVE ELECTRICAL CABLE DECAY IS A HAZARD
BURIED CABLES: electrical, communication, sealing rings of sewage pipes
(Students guide.in, 2008)
Metals:Metals:
corrosivcorrosivee (Students guide.in, 2008)
Bibliography
Martin.S.V. (2001). How glass is made. Retrieved August 26, 2008, from http//:www.texasglass.com/glass_facts/How_Glass_made.htm
Maruthamuthu .S. (2008). Role of air microbes on atmospheric corrosion. Retrieved August 26, 2008 from http//: www.ias.ac.in/currsci/f eb102008/359.pdf
NAHB Research Center . (2008). Can water cause deterioration of concrete. Retrieved August 28, 2008, from http//: www.toolbase.org/Toolbase Resources/level4FAQ.aspx?ContentDetailID=3547&BucketID=5& =25 - 18k
Forest Research NZ. (2008). Timber preservation. Retrieved August 19, 2008 from, http//: www.nzic.org.nz/ChemProcesses/forestry /4B.pdf -
Kumar. R. and Kumar. A.V. (1999). Biodeterioration of stone in tropical environments. Retrieved August 19, 2008, from http//:www.getty. edu/conservation/publications/pdf_publications/biodeterioration.pdf
Institute for energy and environment. (2008). Microorganisms that convert hydrocarbons to natural gas. Retrieved August 15, 2008, from http//: www. poweronline.com/article.mvc/Microorganisms-That-Convert- Hydrocarbons-0001 - 31k -
ASTM International. (2008). Standard guide for microbial contamination in fuels. Retrieved August 15, 2008, from http//: www.astm.org/Standards /D6469.htm
NZ timber preservation council. (2004). Hazard class description. Retrieved August 23, 2008, from http//: www.nztpc.co.nz/hazardClass Description.php
Wood processors association of NZ. (2008). Timber Treatment. Retrieved August 23, 2008, from http//: www.wpa.org.nz/Site/Issues/Timber _Treatment.aspx - 9k -
Students guide.in. (2008). Biodeterioration, microbial deterioration, microorganisms, enzymes. Retrieved September 6, 2008, from http//:www.studentsguide. in/microbiology/biodegradation-bioremediation-biodeterioration/biodeter ioration.htm
Morton. G. (2003). Aug 03 101 156. Retrieved September 6, 2008, from http//: www.sgm.ac.uk/pubs/micro_today/pdf/080301.pdf