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Purposes for Using PowerPoint
• Why use PowerPoint?
• Does our use of technology in the classroom promote student learning?
• When is PowerPoint unnecessary?
Effective PowerPoint Presentations
• What makes a PowerPoint presentation effective from a design standpoint?
• What are characteristics of ineffectively designed PowerPoint presentations?
Why is Design Important?
• Enhances the effectiveness of your presentations
• Helps communicate your main points • Recent study*: Students place high
value on PowerPoint in areas of learning and motivation * Tang, Thomas Li-Ping, and M. Jill Austin "Students’ perceptions of teaching technologies, application of technologies, and academic performance." Computers & Education 53.4 (2009): 1241-1255.
Best Practices for PPT Design
• Simplicity• Readability• Interactivity
Simplicity
• Notes function vs information overload on screen• Studies have shown “More is not better” in terms of
using technology to teach• Avoid Information Overload
o PowerPoint expert Cliff Atkinson, author of Beyond Bullet Points says, "When you overload your audience, you shut down the dialogue that's an important part of decision-making."
o He points to research by educational psychologists: "When you remove interesting but irrelevant words and pictures from a screen, you can increase the audience's ability to remember the information by 189% and the ability to apply the information by 109%.”
Simplicity
• Notes function vs information overload on screen
• “More is not better” in using technology to teach
Simplicity:Information Overload
• PowerPoint expert Cliff Atkinson, author of Beyond Bullet Points:
"When you overload your audience, you shut down the dialogue that's an important part of decision-making."
Simplicity:Information Overload
• Atkinson:
"When you remove interesting but irrelevant words and pictures from a screen, you can increase the audience's ability to remember the information by 189% and the ability to apply the information by 109%.”
Simplicity: Less is More
• Keep words at a minimum o 6 x 6 guide; no more than 6 points per
slide and 6 words per point
• Keep slides at a minimumo 3 slides per minute max
Simplicity: Less is More
• Keep fonts simpleo 2 max per page, including variations on
a single font o bold and regular of Arial = 2 fontso portability of fonts & substitutions
Simplicity: Less is More
• White space is your friend
• Avoid pictures or graphics in background
• Avoid brightly colored backgrounds
Simplicity: Skip the Tricks
• Minimize or avoid animated texts, sounds, and fancy transitions
• Can be effective in certain situations, but often distract your audience from your main points
Simplicity: Graphics
• Word art: When words become art, and when that’s not necessarily a good thing
Simplicity: Graphics
• Options for creating graphics, charts, and diagrams:o “Smart Art” in PowerPointoWeb 2.0 program (free):
• gliffy: http://www.gliffy.com/
① Contrast
② Repetition
③ Alignment
④ Proximity
Also known to graphic designers as “CRAP” or “PARC” Principles
Readability: Basic Design Theory
Readability: Contrast
• Strong contrast adds “visual interest” and keeps your students’ attention
• Makes content more attractive
• Highlights the most important concepts
• Difference implies importance
Readability: Contrast
• Strong contrast adds “visual interest” and keeps your students’ attention
• Makes content more attractive
• Highlights the most important concepts
• Difference implies importance
Readability: Contrast
• Using colors to create contrasto Black text on white background
oWhite text on black background
Readability: Repetition
• Repetition involves repeating design concepts on each page
• Creates unity and consistency
• Professional design practice: branding
• Templateso In PowerPoint
o Five sample templates on HWI site branded for Farmer School of Business
Readability: Alignment
• Nothing should be placed on a page arbitrarily
• Every element should have some visual connection with another element on the page
• Creates a clean, fresh, sophisticated look
Readability: Alignment
• Ideally every object (graphics, photos, or text) should be aligned with other objects
• Includes vertical and horizontal alignment
Readability: Alignment
• Ideally every object (graphics, photos, or text) should be aligned with other objects
• Includes vertical and horizontal alignment
Horizontal alignment
Vertical alignment
Readability: Proximity
• Group similar items togethero Similar to paragraphing in writing
• Helps readers organize information
• Using bullets and templates to achieve “proximity” in design
Readability: Type Size
• Make sure your fonts are legible and large enough
• “Floor test" for readability
Readability: Type Size
• Preview your presentation in the classroom
• Should be able to read the slides from the back of the room
Readability: Type Style
• Avoid all caps• serif vs. sans serif
Readability: Focal Point
• Related to contrast and white space
• Use design consciously to create and emphasize your message
Readability: Focal Point
• Images• Eyes move
from top to bottom, left to right
• Logos usually at lower right
Interactivity: Student Learning
• Inquiry-based learning • Interactive PowerPoint: An oxymoron?• Ideas for interactivity
o pose questionso Fill in responses o Have students take notes responding to questions
on PPT o Post notes to Bb site
• Other ideas to make PPT more interactive?