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NORTHERN NEGROS STATE COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYOLD SAGAY, SAGAY CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL
TEACHER EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
Symposium on
“Distance Learning”Speakers:
Jay Ar Aspero E.EdJean Margarette C. Petran Ph.DAtty. Lunigift Salatandre
Date: July 15, 2013
1
Distance Learning
Objectives:1. Define Distance Learning2. Tell why Distance Learning 3. Tell the history of Distance Learning4. Describe the Distance Learning
Designs5. How to Evaluate Distance Learning6. Distance Learning Programs of
DepEd
2
Introduction to
Distance Learning
3
Distance learning is conventionally defined as…
Any educational or learning process or system in which the teacher and instructor are separated geographically or in time from his or her students.
Students are separated from other students or educational resources.
--The California Distance Learning Project (CDLP)--
Distance Learning
4
Ways on How to Deliver the Content Satellites
Computers
Cable television
Interactive Videos
Fax machine
Email 5
Key features define distance Learning of the teacher — learner
communications.
The separation of teacher and learner during at least a majority of each instructional process
Separation of teacher and learner in space and/or time. The use of educational media to unite teacher and
learner and carry course content. The provision of two-way communication between
teacher, tutor, or educational agency and learner, and Control of the learning pace by the student rather than
the distance instructor.
6
TWO DISTANCE EDUCATION DELIVERY
SYSTEMS
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1. SYNCHRONOUS INSTRUCTION
2. ASYNCHRONOUS INSTRUCTION
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SYNCHRONOUS INSTRUCTION
Synchronous instruction requires the simultaneous participation of all students and instructors.
The advantage of synchronous instruction is that interaction is done in "real time" and has an immediacy.
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Examples of Synchronous Delivery include interactive telecourses, teleconferencing and web conferencing, and Internet chats.
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ASYNCHRONOUS INSTRUCTION
Asynchronous instruction does not require the simultaneous participation of all students and instructors.
The advantages of asynchronous delivery include student choice of location and time, and interaction opportunities among the students as well as the instructor.
One disadvantage is that self paced instruction places a substantial burden on the student to maintain interest, focus, and pace. This motivation can be difficult to sustain.
11
Examples of asynchronous Delivery include
e-mail, listservs, audiocassette courses, videotaped courses, and WWW-based courses.
12
WHY DISTANCE LEARNING?
•Effectiveness•Efficiency•Equity
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•Effectiveness
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Distance learning serves learners who are not likely to attend traditional classroom instruction (effectiveness)
Efficiency
In some cases it can serve as many or more learners per peso/dollar spent (efficiency)
15
Equity
Researchers continue to show that it can attract and serve lower level learners (equity).
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TYPES OF
DISTANCE LEARNING
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Type Characteristic Notable Features
AudiotapeAudio learning tool, very mobile and inexpensive when combined with print materials.
Useful in language learning and practice as well as literature. Linear format.
Videotape in VHS and DVD formats
Visual and audio tool; the checkout approach with print materials is very popular in California.
Multi-sensory tool with linear delivery format
Laptop computer checkout
Versatile approach to providing a wide range of learning activities from skill and drill to simulations.
Hardware is expensive and being replaced by less expensive Internet delivery.
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Type Characteristic Notable Features
Mobile van / lab
Resources taken to the learners, useful for work site learning and reaching parents at elementary schools. Van learning.
Historically useful way to distribute videos, audiotapes, DVDs, and other learning tools, but it can be expensive to operate. It is less and less popular as distributed learning increases.
Radio course
Low cost way to reach ESL learners. Ideally it should be used by more learning providers.
The radio course must include ways for learners to interact with the instructor. Phone call in during or after air time could be integrated into the programming.
Telecourse Delivery over television, usually a cable public access channel or school owned channel.
The telecourse must include ways for learners to interact with the instructor. Phone call in is popular. Print materials accompany on-air instruction.
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Type Characteristic Notable Features
Videoconference – Two way interactive video
Electronic communications among people at separate locations. Can be audio, audio graphic, video or computer based.
Often uses proprietary software and consequently expensive. Internet models and broadband communications are making it more affordable and accessible.
Email Asynchronous text files and attachments.
Good tool to stimulate learning, writing, and communications skills.
Internet Instructionally delivery over the Internet, either learning modules or entire courses.
Instructional learning systems permit teachers to create, manage, communicate with, and test students online. The interactivity and ability to hyperlink to worldwide learning resources are extremely attractive. Improved broadband communications are enabling the effective use of video and synchronous communications.
Chat and asynchronous communications facilitate links between the teacher and learner and among the learners.
20
HISTORY OF
DISTANCE LEARNING
21
Mid-19th century - Distance education traces its origins to Europe and the United States.
1840 - An Englishman, Isaac Pitman . He began teaching shorthand by correspondence in Bath, England .
1874 - American university level distance education began at Illinois Wesleyan University where bachelor and graduate degrees could be obtained in absentia.
1900 - The teaching of academic and vocational courses by correspondence became quite popular and problems of quality and ethical practice came with the popularity.
22
1926 - The National Home Study Council (NHSC) was formed in part to address these issues.
1915- Accreditation of college and university distance programs fell to the National University Extension Association .
1920s- The invention of educational radio and, 1940s - the advent of television early 1900s- The development of reliable long-
distance telephone systems. 1980s and 1990s- computer-network
communications
23
Media Used in
Distance Learning
24
The Most Popular Adult School Innovation Program Approaches Approved For
2004 – 2005
25
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