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DNA Extraction
Citation preview
DNA Extraction
http://www.slideshare.net/iqbal1313/dna-extraction-25521910
MATERIALS
• Dried split peas
• Dishwashing detergent
• Isopropyl alcohol
• Meat tenderizer
• Small cup or beaker
• Spoon
Start with the peas
Blend the peas with water and a little salt until you have “pea soup”
Why do we blend the peas?
• The blender separates the pea CELLS from each other
Put the strained pea soup in a cup
Add a squirt of dishwashing detergent
Let the mixture sit for 5 minutes
What does the detergent do?
• Each pea cell is surrounded by a cell membrane
• DNA is in the nucleus of a cell, which is also surrounded by a membrane
The membranes must be broken open in order to get the
DNA out of the cell
Detergent:
• Breaks apart membranes by attaching to the lipids (fats) & proteins in the membranes
The cell and nuclear membranes have been broken apart,
as well as all of the organelle membranes,such as those around the mitochondria and
chloroplasts.So what is left?
• Proteins • Carbohydrates (sugars) • DNA
Add a pinch of meat tenderizer to the mixture
Why?
• Meat tenderizer is an ENZYME– A protein that helps chemical reactions
happen more quickly
• The enzymes in meat tenderizer break apart proteins
The DNA in the nucleus is surrounded by proteins
The meat tenderizer cuts away the proteins from the DNA
Stir very, very GENTLY!
Tilt your cup & slowly pour a layer of alcohol on top of the pea soup
mixture
• DNA will float up into the alcohol from the pea soup