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pharmacodynamics of tetracycline
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DOXYCYCLINE
Amin ullah Daavi
Roll no 215
OBJECTIVESIntroduction.Chemical structure of doxycycline.
Mechanism of action.Resistance.Antimicrobial activity.Clinical uses.Adverse effect.Contraindication.
INTRODUCTION Doxycycline is a
synthetic broad spectrum antibiotic drug derived from tetracycline which inhibit protein synthesis.
CHEMICAL STUCTURE
CLASSIFICATION OF TETRACYCLINEA. Short acting(6-8 hours) Chlortetracycline Oxytetracycline
B. Intermediate acting (12 hrs)
Demeclocycline Methacycline
C. Long acting(16-18 hours) Doxycycline Minocycline
MECHANISM OF ACTIONDoxycycline reversiably bind to 30s subunit at A site
Block the binding of aminoacyl t-RNA to m-RNA
inhibit the addition of new aminoacid to growing peptide chain
Stop the translation process
RESISTANCE Mechanism of resistance.
Impaired influx or increase effluxRibosomal protein production that interfere the binding of doxycycline
Enzymatic inactivation
RESISTANCE Tet (AE)efflux pump Resistance.
Tet(M) efflux pump Resistance.
Tet(K) efflux pump susceptible.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY Doxycycline are sensitive against Many gram-positive and gram-negative
bacteria. Bacillus anthracis. Staphylococcus aureus. Listeria monocytogenes. Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Chlamydiae and spirochetes. Rickettsiae . Vibrio cholera. Neisseria gonorrhoea. Haemophilus influenzae.
CLINICAL USES Doxycyline is the drug of choice in infaction
caused by Mycoplasma Pneumonia. Rickettsiae Rocky mountain
spotted fever and rickettsial
pox. Chlamydia Trachoma and
peittacosis. Vibrio Cholera. Bacillus anthracis Anthrax. Spirochetes Lyme’s disease.
CLINICAL USES Doxycycline use in a regimen for
treatment of gastic ulcer caused by helicobacter pylori
Also with amino glycoside for plague, tularemia and brocellosis
ADVERSE EFFECTSA. Gastrointestinal adverse effects Nausea vomiting and diarrhea.
B. Bony structures and teeth During pregnancy it can deposited in
fetal teeth leading to fluorescence ,discoloration and enamel dysplasia.
C. Liver toxicity Hepatic toxicity leading to hepatic
necrosis.
ADVERSE EFFECTD. Kidney
toxicity.E. Local tissue
toxicity.F. Vestibular
toxicity.G. Photosensitiz
ation.
CONTRAINDICATION Hypersensitivity
Pregnancy
Infants and children
REFERENCES Basic and clinical pharmacology (11th edition)
Chapter 44(796-799)
Lippincoatt’s illustrated reviews Pharmacology (4th edition)
chapter 32(373-376)
httpwww.drugs.comdoxycycline.html
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