Educational System Educational System in the Philippinesin the Philippines

GUESS THE WORD

any act or any act or experienceexperience that that has a formative effect on the has a formative effect on the mindmind, , charactercharacter, or physical , or physical

ability of an individual. ability of an individual.

• Education in the Philippines is offered through Education in the Philippines is offered through formal and non-formal systems.  Formal formal and non-formal systems.  Formal education typically spans 14 years a education typically spans 14 years a NLNLnd is nd is structured in a 6+4+4 system:  structured in a 6+4+4 system:  6 years of 6 years of primary school education, 4 years of secondary primary school education, 4 years of secondary school education, and 4 years of higschool education, and 4 years of higNNB,NNB,her her education, leading to a bachelor’s degreeeducation, leading to a bachelor’s degree.  This .  This is one of the shortest terms of formal education is one of the shortest terms of formal education

in the world.in the world.

• Primary school educationPrimary school education in the Philippines spans in the Philippines spans 6 years 6 years in duration and is in duration and is compulsorycompulsory for all for all students.  This level of education is divided into a students.  This level of education is divided into a four-year primary cycle and a two-year four-year primary cycle and a two-year intermediate cycleintermediate cycle.  In the country’s public .  In the country’s public schools, Filipino children generally begin school schools, Filipino children generally begin school at age 6 or 7; however, private schools typically at age 6 or 7; however, private schools typically start a year earlier and operate a seven-year start a year earlier and operate a seven-year curriculum rather than a six-year curriculum.curriculum rather than a six-year curriculum.

• Primary CyclePrimary Cycle.  Four years—Grades 1-4, .  Four years—Grades 1-4, age 6-11age 6-11

• Intermediate CycleIntermediate Cycle—Grades 5 and 6, age —Grades 5 and 6, age 11-1311-13

• There are a number of core subjects that There are a number of core subjects that are taught, with varying degrees of are taught, with varying degrees of difficulty, in all six grades of primary school.difficulty, in all six grades of primary school.

• Although secondary education is not compulsory Although secondary education is not compulsory in the Philippines, it is widely attended, in the Philippines, it is widely attended, particularly in the more urban areas of the particularly in the more urban areas of the country.  At this level, private schools enroll a country.  At this level, private schools enroll a much higher percentage of students than at the much higher percentage of students than at the elementary level. elementary level.

• Bachelor DegreesBachelor Degrees• Master DegreesMaster Degrees• PhD DegreesPhD Degrees• Non-University Higher Education Non-University Higher Education

(Vocational and Technical)(Vocational and Technical)

Educational System before K-12

• Enacted in 1990, this law requires all local government units to set up a day care center in every barangay. Day care centers are mandated not only to provide for the children’s learning needs but also to attend to their health and psychosocial needs.

• this law identifies the growing importance of providing preschool education and addressing young children's other needs. It also recognizes parents as the children’s primary caregivers and teachers.

Chronic underachievement of Chronic underachievement of students students Insufficient mastery of basic Insufficient mastery of basic

competencies competencies due to congested due to congested curriculum curriculum

High school graduates (<16 year-High school graduates (<16 year-old graduates lack basic old graduates lack basic competencies and maturity) competencies and maturity)

RATIONALE OF K-12• The congested curriculum partly explains the present state of

education

• This quality of education is reflected in the inadequate preparation of high school graduates for the world of work or entrepreneurship or higher education

• Further, most graduates are too young to enter the labor force.

• The current system also reinforces the misperception that basic education is just a preparation for higher education.

KindergartenKindergarten6 years Elementary6 years Elementary

4 years Junior HS4 years Junior HS

Grade Level

K 1 2 3

Learning Domains• Values Education• Physical health & motor dev’t

• Social & emotional dev’t

• Cognitive dev’t• Creative Arts• Language & Readiness for Reading & Writing

• Language, Literacy & Communication

•MT•English•Filipino•Math

•Science & Health

•Sibika at Kultura•MAPEH

Grade Level

4 5 6

•MT•English•Filipino•Mathematics•Science & Health•Heograpiya, Kasaysayan at Sibika•MAPEH•EPP (TLE)•EdukasyongPagpapakatao

Grade Level

7 8 9 10

Grade Level

11 12

• English• Science• Math• Filipino• Contemporary Issues (includes work ethic, business ethics, etc.)

Grade Level

7 8 9 10 11 12Sp

ecia

lizat

ion

Exploratory stage of career paths/choices

Special Program in:- Arts- Sports- Journalism- Engineering Science Education Program (ESEP)

- Mother Tongue & foreign Languages

- Technical-Vocational education - Agriculture/Fisheries - Arts & Trades

There are essentially three degree stages of higher

education in the Philippines: Bachelor (Batsilyer), Master

(Masterado) and PhD (Doktor sa Pilospiya).

Bachelor degree programs in the Philippines span a minimum of four years in duration. The first two years are typically dedicated to the study of general education courses (63 credits), with all classes counting towards the major the student will undertake in the final two years. Certain bachelor degree programs take five years rather than four years to complete, including programs in agriculture, pharmacy and engineering.

Master degrees in the Philippines typically span two years for full-time students, culminating with a minor thesis or comprehensive examination. To qualify for a Master’s degree, students must possess a bachelor’s degree in a related field, with an average grade equal to or better than 2.00, 85 percent or B average. Certain professional degrees, such as law and medicine are begun following a first bachelor degree. These programs, however, span far beyond the normal two years of study.

PhD degrees in the Philippines, also known as a Doctor of Philosophy, involve a great deal of coursework, as well as a dissertation that may comprise from one-fifth to one-third of the final grade. Admission into one of the country’s PhD programs is very selective, requiring, at minimum, a Master’s degree with a B average or better. Most PhD programs span two to four years beyond the Master’s degree, not counting the time it takes to complete the dissertation. Topics for dissertations must be approved by the faculty at the university at which the student is studying.