1. Essential QuestionHow have people benefitted by having an organized religion?

2. Learning TargetsI can name the major Egyptian gods and goddesses and describe their realm of power.I can explain Egyptian religious practices. 3. EGYPTIAN RELIGIONNOTE SHEETAs we cover the material in class be sure to fill in the notesheet with the correct information. 4. KEY TERMINOLOGYVocabulary that you need to know 5. afterlife A life after death 6. mummy The preserved body of a deceased person. 7. pyramid A huge building with four sloping triangle shaped sides; built as royal tombs in Egypt. 8. LEARNING TARGET #1Name the major Egyptian gods andgoddesses and describe their area ofpower. 9. The Egyptians werepolytheistic.What doesTheypolytheistic worshippedmean again? more than one god. 10. Re (or Ra) God of the sun For a time, hewas one of themost importantgods 11. Apep Evil god Personification ofdarkness andchaos Usually took theform of a snake Lived just belowthe horizon 12. The Story of Re Each day, Re would sail aboat across the sky. This was the Egyptiansexplanation of the risingand setting of the sun. When Re journeyed belowthe horizon he wasattacked by Apep andfought with him nightly He always would win andreturn to Egypt everymorning. 13. Amun Originally wasworshipped just in thecity of Thebes. When the capital wasmoved from Memphis toThebes Amun becamemuch more important. 14. Eventually Amun and Re merged together and became Amun-Re 15. Osiris God of the afterlife Husband of Isis After death, the pharaoh became Osiris. 16. Isis Goddess of women Wife of Osiris Mother of Horus 17. Horus Sky god God of kingship While living, thepharaoh wasHorus Son of Osiris andIsis 18. Set God of storms,chaos, and thedesert Thepersonification ofevil Brother of Osiris 19. Anubis God ofembalming 20. The Story of Osiris 21. Horus avenges Osiris murder Horus fought Set and defeated him in battle tobecome the new pharaoh. He lost his eye in the fight.All pharaohs ofthe future werethought to beHorus while theywere alive andOsiris after theydied. 22. Thoth God of wisdomand writing 23. Maat Personificationoftruth, justice, and order. 24. ASSESSMENTDid you meet our learning target? 25. Re (or Ra) God of ________ 26. Re (or Ra) God of the sun For a time, hewas one of themost importantgods 27. _________ Originally wasworshipped just in thecity of Thebes. When the capital wasmoved from Memphis toThebes ______becamemuch more important. 28. Amun Originally wasworshipped just in thecity of Thebes. When the capital wasmoved from Memphis toThebes Amun becamemuch more important. 29. ___________ God of the afterlife Husband of Isis After death, the pharaoh became _________. 30. Osiris God of the afterlife Husband of Isis After death, the pharaoh became Osiris. 31. Isis Goddess of ___________ Wife of Osiris Mother of Horus 32. Isis Goddess of women Wife of Osiris Mother of Horus 33. ___________ Sky god God of kingship While living, thepharaoh was________ Son of Osiris andIsis 34. Horus Sky god God of kingship While living, thepharaoh wasHorus Son of Osiris andIsis 35. Set God of ______,_________, andthe _________ Thepersonification ofevil Brother of Osiris 36. Set God ofstorms, chaos, andthe desert Thepersonification ofevil Brother of Osiris 37. Anubis God of__________ 38. Anubis God ofembalming 39. _________ Evil god Personification ofdarkness andchaos Usually took theform of a snake Lived just belowthe horizon 40. Apep Evil god Personification ofdarkness andchaos Usually took theform of a snake Lived just belowthe horizon 41. ___________ God of wisdomand writing 42. Thoth God of wisdomand writing 43. __________ Personificationoftruth, justice, and order. 44. Maat Personificationoftruth, justice, and order. 45. LEARNING TARGET #2Explain Egyptian religious practices. 46. Preparing the Dead Early in their history,Egyptians buried thedead in the desert inshallow pits. The dry climate andsalts in the sand driedout the bodies andcreated naturalmummies. 47. Why create mummies? The Egyptians believedthat the soul would live alife of leisure andhappiness in the afterlife. But, they would needreturn to their bodies inorder to receive foodofferings. The body would need tobe preserved in order forthere to be something tocome back to. 48. How is a mummy created? 49. What did they do with the organsthat they removed from theabdomen? The stomach, lungs,intestines, and liver wereall mummified and placedin special containers calledCanopic jars. The heart was alsomummified, but wasreturned to the bodybecause it would beneeded by the deceased ata later time. 50. COOL MUMMIFICATIONSITEhttp://www.childrensuniversity.manchester.ac.uk/interactives/history/egypt/makeamummy/ 51. Opening of the Mouth The Egyptians didnot believe thatthe mummy wouldbe able toeat, see, hear, ormove until aspecial ceremonytook place toopen the mouth. 52. How did a soul make it to the afterlife? It was believed that a soul would travel to the afterlife aboard magical boats. 53. How was it determined if a soul would make it to the afterlife or not? The weighing ofthe heartceremony 54. Wednesday, March 13, 2013 Who are the gods or goddesses 1- Isis pictured below? 2- Horus 3- Osiris #1 #2 #3 55. The Book of the Dead A how-to guide for the deceased person to use when makingtheir way to the afterlife. It included spells which were supposed to be spoken at specifictimes that would allow them to pass on to the afterlife. 56. Making Offerings When the soul returnedto its body each day itdid so in order toreceive nourishmentfrom food that hadbeen offered by theirliving family members. Families would presentofferings for theirdeceased familymembers in specialmortuary temples. 57. THE EGYPTIANSWERE NOT ALWAYSPOLYTHEISTICThe Rule of Akhenaten 58. Akhenaten Shortly after becoming pharaoh, he banned the worship of the old Egyptian gods and began worshipping a new god. 59. Aten, the sun-disc Aten was worshipped as the only god. Akhenaten built a brand new capital called Akhetatenand worshipped Aten there. The religion flourished during Akhenatens reign, butwas abandoned shortly after his death. The city of Akhetaten fell into ruins. 60. ASSESSMENTDid we meet our learning target? 61. How did the Egyptians practicetheir religion? ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________