EHS 519: BIOMEDICAL AND SPECIAL WASTE II

Dr. Henry Sawyerr & Ms. Olulegan

10 MINS

UICK ECAP

INTRODUCTION

Every year, an estimated 160,000,000 injections are administered worldwide, but not all of the needles are properly disposed of afterwards.

INTRODUCTION

Of the total amount of waste generated by health care activities, about 80% is general waste. The remaining 20% is considered hazardous material that may be infectious, toxic or radioactive.

COMPONENTS OF BIOMEDICAL WASTE

Components of Medical Waste:

1. Medical Waste

2. Infectious Wastes

3. Domestic Waste

MEDICAL WASTE

These are materials accumulated as a result

of patient diagnosis, treatment or

immunization of patients.

INFECTIOUS WASTE

This is the portion of medical waste that is in

contact with a patient who has infectious disease and it is capable of producing an

infectious disease.

INFECTIOUS WASTE

Infectious waste is material suspected to contain

pathogens (bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi) in

sufficient concentration or quantity to cause disease in

susceptible hosts.

INFECTIOUS WASTE

This category includes waste that is contaminated with blood or other body fluids, cultures and stocks of infectious

agents from laboratory work, waste from infected patients in isolation wards;

dressing , bandages and other materials contaminated with blood or other bodily

fluids which is infectious because it contains bacteria, viruses, parasites or

fungi.

DOMESTIC WASTE

CATEGORIES OF BIOMEDICAL WASTE

Category No. I: Human Anatomical Waste

Human tissues, organs, body parts.

Category No. 2: Animal Waste

Animal tissues, organs, body parts carcasses, bleeding parts, fluid, blood and experimental animals used in research, waste generated by veterinary hospitals colleges, discharge from hospitals, animal houses.

Category No 3: Microbiology& Biotechnology Waste

Wastes from laboratory cultures, stocks or specimens of microorganisms live or attenuated vaccines, human and animal cell culture used in research and infectious agents from research and industrial laboratories, wastes from production of biologicals, toxins, dishes and devices used for transfer of cultures.

Category No 4: Waste sharps

Needles, syringes, scalpels, blades, glass, etc. that may cause puncture and cuts. This includes both used and unused sharps.

Category No 5: Discarded Medicines and Cytotoxic drugs

(wastes comprising of outdated, contaminated and discarded medicines)

Category No 6: Solid Waste

(Items contaminated with blood, and body fluids including cotton, dressings, soiled plaster casts, lines, beddings, other material contaminated with blood)

Category No. 7: Solid Waste

Wastes generated from disposable items other than the waste [sharps] such as tubings, catheters, intravenous sets etc.

Category No. 8 Liquid Waste

Waste generated from laboratory and washing, cleaning, housekeeping and disinfecting activities.

Category No. 9 Incineration Ash

Ash from incineration of any bio-medical waste.

Category No. 10 Chemical Waste

Chemicals used in production of biologicals, chemicals used In disinfection, as insecticides, etc.

COLOUR CODING AND TYPE OF CONTAINER FOR DISPOSAL OF BIOMEDICAL WASTES

YellowPlastic bag:Cat. 1, Cat. 2, Cat. 3, and Cat. 6.

RedDisinfected

container/plastic bag: Cat. 3,

Cat. 6,

Cat.7.

Blue/White translucent

Plastic bag/puncture proof

Cat. 4,

Cat. 7. (Container)

Black

Plastic bag

Cat. 5,

Cat. 9 and

Cat. 10. (solid)

Notes

Waste collection bags for waste types needing incineration shall not be made of chlorinated plastics.

Categories 8 and 10 (liquid) do not require containers/bags.

Category 3 if disinfected locally need not be put in containers/bags.

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