Scientist’s Notebook

Pen Pencils

Art Supplies

You Need:

Make a list of everything you did this morning from the time you got up until the time you walked into the school.

Did you use any of these things?

What is one thing that they all have in common?

They all involve energy

Energy•The ability to do work or make something happen

But….

What is work?

WorkUsing force

(a push or pull) to make something move through a distance

So energy is…The ability to make something move or make something happen or the ability to do work

What are the different types of energy?List as many as you can think of

in your Scientist’s Notebook.

There are only 2 types of energy:

PotentialKinetic

PotentialKinetic

Make your chart

Look like th

is

Potential EnergyEnergy that is stored. Hasn’t been used yet.2 Causes of Potential Energy:

◦1. An object’s position

An object’s position

Caused by gravity

Because of vertical position or height

More height = more energy

(2 Ways)

Potential Energy based on Position

•Caused by Gravity•Because of vertical position or height.•More height = More energy

More height = more energy…Which has more potential

energy?

What about this? When they both finish moving their objects to the top, which object will have more potential energy?

An object’s position

Caused by gravity

Because of vertical position or height

More height = more energy

Position can be like spring or bow and arrow

Because of Elasticity - elastic

(Being stretched beyond its normal position)

(2 Ways)

PE because of PositionBecause of Elasticity - elastic

PE because of position…

PE because of position…gravity or elasticity?

•An object’s condition

Because of its atoms

Like a battery,Gasoline or the bonds between something’s atoms

Potential energy can also be because of an object’s condition.

PotentialKinetic•Energy that is stored•Hasn’t been used yet.•Comes from:• An object’s position

• An object’s condition

Caused by gravity

Because of vertical position or height

More height = more energy

Position can be like spring or bow and arrow

Because of its atoms

Like a battery,Gasoline or the bonds between something’s atoms

Once the energy is put to use it becomes….Kinetic EnergyEnergy in motionEnergy that’s being used

Potential energy (stored energy) gets converted to kinetic energy, (or energy of motion).

More examples….

What are some examples of potential and kinetic energy?

More about Potential and Kinetic Energy

Brainpop on Potential and Kinetic Energy

Now it’s your turn:

•Think of an example of potential and kinetic energy.•You will be making a flip book to illustrate your example.•Let’s make our book first.

Take your white paper and fold it in half horizontally.

•Fold in half again.•Unfold the last fold you made.•Take your scissors and cut along the fold line on the top flap only.

Label one side “Potential Energy” and the other side “Kinetic Energy”

•On your other sheet of white paper, make a practice drawing. Don’t use much detail. It’s not your real one.•Give me the signal to approve it.•Start your real drawing in your flip book.•It must be colored, and your words must be in ink.•Do the whole thing in pencil first, then go over it with markers, colored pencils, etc. (In case you mess up!)

BBC Web Activity

There’s more!

There are 2 types of energy:

Potential Kinetic

Energy can exist in many forms:(Video Clip)

Forms of energy:http://www.brainpop.com/science

/energy/formsofenergy/

Forms of energyMechanical Heat ChemicalElectricalRadiantNuclearSound

Make your notes look like this:

Draw a quick picture of one example of each energy form

Fit 2 energy forms per page!

Mechanical EnergyEnergy of moving objects

Heat (or thermal) Energy•Energy from quick moving molecules or atoms

Chemical•Energy stored in atoms and molecules because of their bonds.•Ex: natural gas, propane, coal, biomass

What’s biomass

?

ElectricalEnergy produced when electrons

flow (or move).Ex: Lightning, electricity

RadiantElectromagnetic energy that

travels in waves through empty space

Ex: light, x-rays, radio waves, solar energy

NuclearEnergy stored in the nucleus of

an atomThe force that holds the neutrons

and protons together is very strong. If you break that bond, it releases LOTS of energy!!

•Intro to Nuclear Energy•Nuclear Medicine•The Bomb

Sound

Sound is energy??? You bet!!Energy that moves in waves

through substances.

Sound energy travels in waves.

Let’s talk more about Heat Energy or Thermal EnergyRemember that it’s the energy

caused by the movement of particles in an object.

Turn to the next available page in your Scientist’s Notebook.

At the top write HEATMake a T-Chart

I knew that! I didn’t know that…

Make your chart

Look like th

isMAKE SURE YOU LIST 5 THINGS ON

EACH SIDE!

Let’s compare lists.

What is heat?

Energy from an object’s moving particles.

The faster the particles are moving, the more heat energy the matter has.

Thermal Energy

Temperature is…A measure of how fast an

object’s particles are moving.Measured with a thermometer

SO…THERMOMETERS DON’T

MEASURE HEAT. THEY

MEASURE TEMPERATURE!

Heat…Always moves from warmer

matter to cooler matter! Memorize this!!!!

WHEN HEAT MOVES,IT’S CALLED…

Heat Transfer(or How Heat Travels)

•Conduction•Convection•Radiation

http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/index_tj.asp?objID=SCE304

Conduction•When heat moves from particle to particle because they are touching each other.•Happens mostly in solids•Only happens when particles are TOUCHING!!!•Example: A pot on a stove eye heats up because the fast moving particles of the eye bump into the particles of the pot, and the energy is transferred.

•When an object’s particles get heated, the particles move faster and bump into the nearby particles.

Convection•Heat is transferred by the heated matter moving.•Occurs in liquids and gases•Steps:•Matter is heated and becomes less dense.

•Since the heated matter is less dense, it rises.•The cooler matter slides in to take its place.

Convection, cont.•Example: Boiling water- The water at the bottom is heated, expands, becomes less dense, then rises. The water above is still cool, so it sinks

Convection causes thunderheads.

Convection causes wind – especially at the beach!

Convection helps us heat our home, cool our food, and even cook our food!

Radiation•When heat moves (or radiates) through empty space.•Doesn’t need to travel through matter like conduction or convection.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/physics/energy/energytransferrev6.shtml

Links about heat transfer

http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/index_tj.asp?objID=SCE304

Discovery Science – Heat Transfer