English easy grammar in pashto language

Easy Learning of English

Language

Izharulhaq Kamran | AREP | Provical Coordinator Email: [email protected] – [email protected] Phone: +93 781684958 Website: www.arep.org.af Skype: kamran201281

OSCEW

(Organization for Saving the Children and Emprowering of Women)

Laghman Branch

mailto:[email protected]


http://www.arep.org.af/

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لړليک

۲۱ ۱ ۲

۲۱ ۲۱ ۱

۱۱ ۲۱ ۱

۱۲ ۱۲ ۲

۸۷ ۱۱ ۱

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لومړی برخه(عموميات)

د انګليسي ژبې لوی الفباء

A B C D E F G H I J

K L M N O P Q R S T

U V W X Y Z

د انګليسي ژبې کوچني الفباء

a b c d e f g h i j

k l m n o p q r s T

u v w x y Z

د انګليسي الفباؤ استعمال په پښتو ژبه کې

A J S

B K T

C L U

D M V

E N W

F O X

G P Y

H Q Z

I R

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د پښتو ژبې الفباؤ استعمال په انګليسي ژبه کې

T P B A, E, I, O, U

CH J, G S T

KH H Z S

R Z D D

G ZH, J Z R

S KH SH S

A Z T D, Z

K Q, K F GH

N M L G

E, I, Y, U H W, V N

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توري مرکب يا ترکيبي

Compound letters

1. Ch Chalk

2. Sh Shy

3. Zh Zhala

4. Gh Ghulam

5. Kh Khala

6. Ph Phone

7. Ture Nature

8. Tion Nation

9. Sion Television

01. Cient Ancient

11. Cial Special

د انګليسي ژبې د تلفظ قاعدې

۱BTBMB

Examples: Break, Debt, Thumb, Comb

۲C C E,I,Y

Examples: City, Center, Cycle, Car

۳DDjGD

Examples: Door, Adjective, Bridge

۴VEV

Example: Live

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۵GGEIG

GY GGM

N

Examples: Girl, Gender, Gymnastic, sing, Diaphragm

۶KNK

Examples: Knife, Knee

۷LL

Examples: Chalk, Talk, Walk

۸NMN

Examples: Autumn

۹QQU

Examples: Queen, Quite, Quick, Quality, Quantity

۱۱TTChT

TS T

Examples: Watch, Whistle

۱۱WWRW

Examples: Wrong, Write

۱۲X

Example: Exam, X-ray

د انګليسي الفباؤ تقسيم بندي

۱۱

Vowel Letters

(A, E,I,O,U)

(Simi Vowel Letters)

W,Y

Consonant

B,C,F,G,H,J,K,L,M,N,P,Q,R,S,T,V,X,Z

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(:Article)د تعريف توری

Articleefinite D

The

sIndefinite Article

AAN

A

A

Ruler BookPen

A Ruler A book A pen

AN

AN

EggOrange Apple

An Egg An orange An apple

(:Tobe Verbsکومکي افعال )

Is, Am, Are

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(:Subject Pronouns) ضميرونه يفاعل

,

He, She, It,I,You,We,They

Complement.Not

IS

He

IS She

It

AM IAm

Are

You

Are We

They

(:Object Pronounsفعولي ضميرونه )م

Object

1. Him –

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2. Her –

3. It –

4. Me –

5. Us –

6. You –

7. Them –

(: Demonstrative Pronounsاشاري ضماير )

This is a boy. This

These are boys. These

That is a girl. That

These are girls. Those

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(:Possessive Pronounsملکي ضماير )

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(:Possessive Adjectives) صفاتملکي

1. His –

2. Her –

3. Its –

4. My –

5. Our –

6. Your –

7. Their –

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دوهمه برخه

معلوماتي سوالونه

WH or Information Questions

What?

What is a WH or Information Question which is used to ask about things.

څه يا څه شی؟

Examples:

1. What is this? This is book 1.

2. What is your name? My name is Jamila.

3. What is in your pocket? Ten dollars.

4. What are these? Mobiles and computers.

5. What is his job? He is a police officer.

Who?

Who is a WH or information question which is used to ask about persons.

څوک؟

Examples:

1. Who is he? He is my brother.

2. Who is your English teacher? Shaista Noori

3. Who are them? They are her children.

4. Who is he president of Afghanistan? Mohammad Ashraf Ghani

5. Who wants to be a doctor? Ahmad wants to be a doctor.

How?

How is a WH or information question which is used to ask about manner and nature.

څنګه؟

Examples:

1. How is your father now? He is ok, thanks.

2. How was your exam? Not bad.

3. How is her English? She is good in English.

4. How are your teachers in school? They are good and I respect them a lot.

Where?

Where is a WH or information question which is used to ask about places.

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رته؟ چي

Examples:

1. Where is located China? It located in Asia.

2. Where were you born? I was born in Kabul.

3. Where were you last week? I was in New York.

4. Where is she living? She lives in New Delhi.

5. Where should we meet tomorrow? We should meet in the park.

When?

When is a WH or information question which is used to ask about time.

کله يا څه وخت؟

Examples:

1. When is your birthday? On 02, jan,1990

2. When will you graduate from LLB Faculty? Next year.

3. When are you going to start your business? May be next month.

4. When did u join the Army? In 2009.

5. When is she coming to the class? Tomorrow.

Why?

Why is a WH or information question which is used to ask about reason?

ولی؟

Example:

1. Why you go to school? To study.

2. Why are you late? Because, I woke up late this morning.

3. Why she wants to be a doctor? Because, she wants to help her own people.

4. Why you want learn English? Because, it is an international language.

5. Why are they studying hard? To get high marks in their exam.

6. Why are you here? I have an appointment with the doctor.

7. Why you don’t come at 12:11 PM? Because, I have another class at 02:00 PM.

8. Why we don’t have security in Afghanistan? Because, we are honest with our own

country.

9. Why he is laughing? He watching a funny video.

10. Why you don’t watch Pakistani movies? Because, I don’t like Pakistani movies.

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Which?

Which is a WH or information question that is used to ask about persons, places and things.

کوم؟

Examples:

1. Which one is your pen? The red one.

2. Which place is the best place of Kabul? Bagh babur and Qargha.

3. Which one is your brother in this pic? The one with black jacket.

4. Which president has worked the best for Afghanistan? Hamid Karzai.

5. Which part is the best part of Khuda Gawa movie? I love the songs.

Whose?

Whose is a WH or information question which is used to ask about ownership or property.

د چا؟

Examples:

1. Whose pen is this? This is Ahmad’s pen.

2. Whose car is that? That is my car.

3. Whose brother is that? He is her brother.

4. Whose Computer is broken? Maryam’s computer is broken.

5. Whose cell phone keeps ringing? Shabnam’s cell phone is ringing.

Whom?

Whom is a WH or information question which is used to ask about persons.

؟ يا چاته چا

Examples:

1. To whom it may concern? It may concern to all.

2. To whom did you talk today? I talked to my girl today.

3. Whom dose Sarah love? Kabeer.

4. With whom are you talking now? I am talking to my mother.

5. Whom did you see? Maryam.

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دريمه برخه

Tense

Tense is a word which shows form of verb whether it's in present form, past form or in future form.

Tense is generally divided into three categories.

▪ Past tenses:

▪ Present tenses:

▪ Future tenses:

Past tenses

Simple past tense

Past continuous tense

Past perfect tense

Past perfect continuous

tense

Present tenses

Simple present tense

Present continuous

tense

Present perfect tense

Present perfect continuous

tense

Future tenses

Simple future tense

Future continuous tense

Future perfect tense

Future perfect continuous tense

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Past Tenses

ری زمانېتي

Simple past tense

Simple past tense talks about an action or situation which started and completed at a particular time

in the past.

Structures

▪ Subject + 2nd form of the verb + comp +.

▪ Subject + did not + base form of the verb + comp +.

▪ Did + subject + base form the verb + comp +?

Examples

▪ Nadia went to Logar last week.

▪ Nadia didn't go to Logar last week.

▪ Did Nadia go to Logar last week?

Past progressive tense

Past progressive tense shows an action which was or wasn't in progressive for some time in the past.

Structures

▪ Subject + was/were + verb + ing + comp +.

▪ Subject + was/were + not + verb + ing + comp +.

▪ Was/were + subject + verb + ing + comp +?

Examples

▪ Jamila was watching television when I called her.

▪ Jamila was not watching television when I called her.

▪ Was Jamila watching television when I called her?

Past perfect tense

Past perfect tense expresses an action which took place or didn't take place before another action or

time in the past.

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Structures

▪ Subject + had + third form of the verb + comp +.

▪ Subject + had + not + third form the verb + comp +.

▪ Had + subject + third form of the verb + comp +?

Examples

▪They had finished level tow before level three.

▪They hadn't finished level tow before level three.

▪Had they finished level tow before level three?

Past perfect progressive tense

Past perfect progressive tense expresses an action which was or wasn't in progress before another

action or time in the past.

Structures:

▪ Sub + had + been + verb + ing + comp +.

▪ Sub + had + not + been + verb + ing + comp +.

▪ Had + sub + been + verb + ing + comp +?

Examples:

▪ We had been studying level three by the time we started intensive.

▪ We had not been studying level three.

▪ Had we been studying level three?

Present Tenses

زمانې حال

Simple present tense

Simple present tense shows habitual action, daily activities and general fact.

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Structures

▪ Subject + verb + (s/es) + complement +.

▪Subject + verb + (does not/do not) + complement +.

▪ Do/Does + sub + verb + complement +?

Examples

▪ He studies English every day.

▪ He does not study English every day.

▪ Does he studies English every day?

Present continuous tense

Present continuous tense shows an action which is happening right now.

Structures

▪ Subject + is, am, are + verb + ing + complement +.

▪ Subject + is, am, are + not + verb + ing + complement +.

▪ Is, am, are + sub + verb + ing + complement+?

Examples

▪ She is looking to me.

▪ She is not looking to me.

▪ Is she looking to me?

Present perfect tense

Expresses an action that happened or did not happen before another action in present or in the past

in an unspecified time.

Structures

▪ Sub + have/has + 3rd form of the verb + complement +.

▪ Sub + have/has + not + 3rd form of the verb + complement +.

▪ Have/has + sub + 3rd form of the verb + complement +?

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Examples

▪She has studied level four.

▪She hasn't studied level four.

▪Has she studied level four?

Note: In present perfect tense we have the following different usages.

Many times, several times, twice, since and for.

Since: is a word which shows the specific time in the sentences.

Ex. I have taught English since 1990.

For: is a word which shows the duration of an action in the sentences.

Ex. I have taught English for 5 years.

Present perfect progressive tense

Present perfect progressive or continuous tense express the duration of an action which started in

the past, comes to present, may or may not go to the future.

Structures

▪ Subject + have/has + been + verb + ing + comp +.

▪ Subject + have/ has + not + been + verb + ing + comp +.

▪ have/has + subject + been + verb + ing + comp +?

Examples

▪ She has been studying English.

▪ She hasn't been studying English.

▪ has she been studying English?

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Future Tenses

زمانې راتلونکي

Simple future tense

Simple future tense expresses which will or will not take place in the coming time.

Structures:

▪ Sub + will/ be going to + verb + comp +.

▪ Sub + will + not + verb + comp +.

▪ Will/ be going to + sub + verb + comp +?

Examples:

▪She will finish level 1 next week.

▪She will not finish level 1 next week.

▪Will she finish level 1 next week?

Future progressive tense

Future progressive tense shows an action which will be or won't be in progressive for some time in

the future.

Structures:

▪ Subject + will/be going to + be + verb + ing + comp +.

▪ Subject + will/be going to + not + be + verb + ing + comp +.

▪ Will/be going to + sub + be + verb + ing + comp +?

Examples:

▪She will be working in this morning.

▪She will not be working in this morning.

▪Will she be working in this morning?

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Future perfect tense

Future perfect tense expresses an action which will be or won't be completed before another action

or time in the past.

Structures:

▪ Subject + will/be going to + have + 3rd form of the verb + comp +.

▪ Subject + will/be going to + not + have + 3rd form of the verb + comp +.

▪ Will + subject + have + III verb + comp +?

Examples:

▪ She will have finished the work.

▪ She will not have finished the work.

▪ Will she have finished the work?

Future perfect progressive tense

Shows the duration of an action which will be continuing before another action or time in the future.

Structures:

▪ Subject + will/shall + have + been + verb + ing + complement+.

▪ Subject + will/shall + not + have + been + verb + ing + complement+.

▪ will/shall + Subject + have + been + verb + ing + complement+.

Examples:

▪ Ajmal will have been studying English.

▪Ajmal will not have been studying English.

▪ Will Ajmal have been studying English?

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څلورمه برخه

Parts of Speech

اجزاوې کالمد

The words which are classified according to their functions in the sentences are called parts of

speech.

Parts of speech can be divided into two categories:

1. Open system items: The number of open system items are not limited.

Open system items are:

- Noun

- Verb

- Adverb

- Adjective

2. Closed system items: The number of closed system items are limited.

Closed system items are:

1- Pronoun

2- Conjunction

3- Preposition

4- Interjection

Difference between Open and Closed system items

Open system items Closed system items

Their number is not limited.

They are (adjective, adverb, Verb & Noun)

We can use affixes (Prefixes, Suffixes) to change either their meaning or structure.

Ex: -King --------- Reading Prefix- NounVerb-Suff

a lot of new words come into English every year. When a new word is

Their number is limited.

They are (Conjunction, interjection, pronoun & preposition)

We can't add affixes to them.

New words are not coined in closed system.

They don’t make the major part of the English vocabulary since they are few in numbers.

We cannot change into one another. For example, a conjunction with

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coined it must be of open system items.

Ex: Online --------Mail etc

They make a major parts of the English vocabulary viz they are more in number.

They can be changed into one another. For example, we can change a verb into a noun and vice versa.

Ex: Introduce--------Introduction

Verb Noun

Ex:Danger ---------Endanger

Noun Verb

pronoun, and vice – versa.

Noun:

Noun is a naming word.

Noun names place, person, thing, animal, quality, idea & substance.

NO Nouns Meanings Used for?

1 Laghman Place

2 Majabeeen Person

3 Buffalo Animal

4 Skills, Talent Quality

5 Sadness, Happiness Idea

6 Ruby, Emerald Substance

Types or kinds of noun

1. Proper Noun

2. Common Noun

3. Collective Noun

4. Material Noun

5. Abstract Noun

6. Concrete Noun

7. Compound Noun

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Proper Nouns: are those nouns, which refer to proper person, or place. Or those nouns,

which name particular person and place. Note: Proper nouns are usually written with capital letter and we don't use the articles

(a/an) with Proper noun.

No Examples of Proper Nouns Used for?

1 Shabnam Person

2 New York Place

Common Nouns: are those nouns, which refer to common people, places and things or

items.

No Examples of Common Nouns Meanings

1 Girl

2 Pen

3 Car

4 Computer

5 Mobile

Collective Nouns: are those nouns, which are singular in form, but plural in meaning.

No Examples of Collective Nouns Meanings

1 Army

2 Marines

3 Family

4 Staff

Note:

Collective Nouns either take singular and plural verb with different meaning.

Ex: Team is ready. (as a whole)

Ex: Team are ready. (all members are individually ready)

Ex: Team are ready. (Different team from different countries)

Material Nouns: are those nouns, which refer to the substance from which other nouns

are made.

No Examples of Material Nouns Meanings

1 Emerald

2 Ruby

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Abstract Noun: are those nouns that don't have physical shape or existence.

Or those nouns, which cannot be seen or touched.

No Examples of Abstract Nouns Meanings

1 Education

2 Love

3 Sadness

4 hate

5 Experience

Concrete Nouns: are those nouns, which have physical shape or existence.

Or those nouns, which can be seen or touched.

No Examples of Concrete Nouns Meanings

1 Computer

2 Pen

3 Carpet

4 Chair

5 Bell

Compound Nouns: are those nouns, which are usually made of two or three words.

No Examples of compound Nouns Meanings

1 Bus driver

2 English teacher

3 Goalkeeper

Kinds of Compound Nouns

1. Closed compound Nouns

2. Open compoundNouns

3. Hyphenated compound Nouns

Closed Compound: When a compound noun is spelled, as one word is known as closed

compound.

No Examples of Closed Compound Nouns Meanings

1 Dishwasher

2 Beeswax

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Open Compound: When a compound noun is spelled as two words is known as open

compound.

No Examples of Open Compound Nouns Meanings

1 Bus driver

2 Candy store

3 English teacher

Hyphenated Compound: When we use a hyphen between or among noun is called

hyphenated compound.

No Examples of Hyphenated Compound Nouns Meanings

1 Father-in-law

2 Mother-in-law

3 Editor-in-chief

Formations of Compound Noun د مرکب اسمونو جوړښټ( )

Noun + Noun: Ex: Grammar book --- bus driver.(etc)

Note: In this formation the first noun, function as an adjective and it's usually singular in

form.

Noun + Gerund: Ex:Room cleaning --- Staff training. (etc)

Gerund + Noun: Ex:Bed room --- Dining room.(etc)

Verb + Noun: Ex: Pick pocket.(etc)

Noun + Verb: Ex: Handshake --- Milk shake.(etc)

Adjective + Noun: Ex:White board --- Sweet heart. (etc)

Noun + Preposition + Noun: Ex:Sister-in-law --- brother-in-law.(etc)

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Numbers of Noun Are used to show whether a noun is singular or plural

(a) Singular nouns:

(b) Plural nouns:

Singular Nouns: Are those nouns, which don't usually have (s, es).

s,esاسمونه: مفرد

Plural Nouns: Are those nouns, which usually have (s, es).

s,es: اسمونه جمع

How to change Singular to Plural nouns Singular nouns can be changed to plural by adding (s).

Singular Plural

Pen Pens

Hen Hens

Nouns that end in (ch, sh, s, o, x, z, zz, ss) can be changed to plural by adding (es).

Ch, Sh, S, O, X, Z, ZZ, SSES

Singular Meanings Plural Meanings

Watch Watches

Fish Fishes

Quiz Quizzes

Glass Glasses

Box Boxes

Bus Buses

Mango Mangoes

Exceptions: These nouns end in (o), but take only (s).

استثنا

Singular: Plural:

Dynamo Dynamos

Kilo Kilos

Photo Photos

Piano Pianos

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Nouns that end in consonant plus (y) are changed to plural by changing (y) to (i) and add (es).

YY

YIES

Meanings Plural Meanings Singular

Cities City

Babies Baby

Ladies Lady

Countries Country

Nouns end in (f, fe) are changed to plural by changing (f, fe) to (v) and add (es).

FFeFFeVES


WivesWife

LivesLife

ThievesThief

Exceptions: These nouns end in (f, fe), but take only (s).

استثنا

S

Chief Chiefs

Cliff Cliffs

Chef Chefs

Irregular nouns can be changed to plural form as:


MenMan

WomenWoman

ChildrenChild

TeethTooth

Mice Mouse

Lice Louse

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Pronoun ضمير

Is a word used in place of a noun in order to avoid the repetition of a noun.

Kinds of Pronoun

1. Subject Pronouns

2. Object Pronouns

3. Possessive Pronouns

4. Reflexive Pronouns

5. Demonstrative Pronouns

6. Indefinite Pronouns

7. Interrogative Pronouns

8. Relative Pronouns

9. Reciprocal Pronouns

10. Distribute Pronouns

11. Emphatic Pronouns

Subject Pronouns: فاعلي ضميرونه

Are those pronouns, which are normally used before main verb in order to function as a subject of a

sentence.

Subject Pronouns are:

Subject pronouns Meanings Details

He

She

It

I

You

We

They

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Object Pronouns: Are those pronouns, which are normally used after main verb, in order

to function as the object of the sentence. Object Pronouns are:

1. Him

2. Her

3. It

4. Me

5. Us

6. You

7. Them

Ex: He teaches them.

Ex:She loves Him.

-----------------

Possessive Pronouns: Are those pronouns, which are used to show possession or

ownership. Possessive Pronouns are

1. His

2. Hers

3. Mine

4. Ours

5. Yours

6. Theirs

Note: Possessive Pronouns can be used before main verb at the beginning of a sentence and after

main verb at the end of a sentence.

Ex:Yours is so expensive.

Ex:His is cheap.

Ex:This mobile is yours.

----------------

Reflexive Pronouns: Are those pronouns in which the action of the sentence reflects or

turn back to the subject of a sentence is called reflexive pronoun. Or when the object or subject of a sentence is the same people or things

Note: Reflexive pronouns contain two suffixes at the end.

Self =>Singular

Selves =>Plural

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Reflexive pronouns are:

1. Himself

2. Herself

3. Yourself

4. Themselves

5. Ourselves

6. Myself

7. Yourselves

8. Itself

Ex: I Workmyself.

Ex: He calledhimself a great doctor.

Ex:She went to Kabul herself.

By + Reflexive pronoun: Means only or without help. Ex:She went to Kabul by Herself.

Ex:WeTalked to the Prime minister of India by ourselves.

-------------------

Demonstrative Pronouns: Are those pronouns, which are used to demonstrate or point

out person, place, and things. Demonstrative pronouns are also called Dem-pronouns.

اشاری ضماير

Some Demonstrative Pronouns are listed here:

This: Used for singular near place, person, and thing.

That: Used for singular far place, person, and thing.

These: Used for plural near places, persons, and things.

Those: Used for plural far places, persons, and things.

Note: The words (this, that, these, those) can be demonstrative pronouns and can be demonstrative

adjective.

This, that, these, those => As demonstrative pronouns: In this case after these words a noun is not

used directly.

Ex:ThisisCheap.

Ex: Those arenicepens.

This, that, these, those => As demonstrative adjective: In this case after these words a noun is used

directly.

Ex:This chair is mine.

Ex:Those tables are expensive. ----------------

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Indefinite Pronoun: Are those pronouns, which are used to show indefinite place,

person, and thing. And they are singular and take singular verb when they function as a subject of a sentence.

Note: Indefinite pronouns contain three compounds (some, any, no)

The following indefinite pronouns are grouped:

1. Someone (body

2. Something

3. Some where

4. Any one (body)

5. Any thing

6. Any where

7. No one (body)

8. No thing

9. No where

Those indefinite pronouns that start with (some), like (some one (body), some thing,

some where) can be used:

A. In Positive Statements

Ex: I want to go somewhere.

Ex: She likes to drinksomething.

B. In Question when we offer food, drink, or help.

Ex: Would you like something to drink?

C. In question expecting the answer with (yes).

Ex: Do you have somethingto eat?

Yes, I have.

Those indefinite pronouns that start with (any), like (any one (body), anything,

any where) can be used in negative in question statements.

Ex: Does she give anything to you?

Ex:She didn't eatanywhere?

Those indefinite pronouns that start with (no), like (no one (body), nothing, no

where) can be used in positive statements, but give negative meanings.

Ex:I want nothing from her.

Ex:She has nothing in her pocket.

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Interrogative Pronouns: Are those pronouns, which are used to interrogate or ask

about a noun or pronoun.

پوښتونکي ضماير

Interrogative pronouns are:

1. Who

2. Which

3. That

4. Whose (etc)

Ex: Who Studies hard?

Ex: Which is cheap?

Ex: Whose is this notebook?

-------------------

Relative Pronouns: Are those pronouns, which are used to combine dependent clause or adjective clause with an independent clause. Or those pronouns, which are used to introduce adjective clause

Relative Pronouns are:

1. Who

2. Whom

3. Which

4. That

5. Whose (etc)

Who: Is used in subjective and objective case for persons.

Ex: I have a girlfriend. She lives in New York.

Adjective Clause: I have a girlfriend, who lives in London.

Ex: I have a brother. I saw him at school.

Adjective Clause: I have a brother who I saw at school.

Whom: Is used in objective case for persons.

Ex: I know Dildar. I saw him in the zoo.

Adjective Clause: I know Dildar whom I saw in the zoo.

Which: Is used in subjective and objective case for things.

Ex:She has a pen. It is red.

Adjective Clause:She has a penwhich is red.

Ex: I bought a grammar book. I saw it last night.

Adjective Clause: I bought a grammar book which I saw last night.

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That: Is used for both people and things in subjective and objective case.

Ex:I bought her a necklace. It is nice.

Adjective Clause:I bought her a necklacethat is nice.

Ex: I know Khalid. I met him last night.

Adjective Clause: I know Khalid that I met him last night.

Whose: Is used for both people and things in possessive case.

Ex: I saw Ali. His father is a doctor.

Adjective Clause: I saw Ali whose father is a doctor.

------------------

Emphatic Pronouns: Are also called intensive or emphasizing pronouns when reflexive

pronouns are used to emphasize noun or pronouns, so they are called emphatic pronoun.

Note: Emphatic pronouns are normally used in three position of a sentence.

A. Before main verb after subject.

Ex:Hehimselfplay soccer.

Ex: They themselvesmade a big mistake.

B. At the end of a sentence or clause.

Ex: He worked hardhimself.

Ex:We learned Englishourselves.

C. At the beginning of a sentence with a comma.

Ex: Myself, I wrote homework.

Ex:Ourselves, we feel sad about the bad situations here in Afghanistan.

-------------

Reciprocal Pronouns: Are those pronouns, which refer to a noun mutually or equally.

Reciprocal pronouns are (one another, each other)

Ex:Help with each other.

Ex:Talk with one another.

-------------

Distributive Pronouns: Are those pronouns, which refer to a noun individually.

Distributive pronouns are:

1. Each

2. Every

3. Either

4. Neither

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Examples:

1. Every student should study hard for their exam.

2. The belong to each other.

3. I don’t like it either.

4. Neither, I am a Pakistani.

Adjectiveصفت

Is a word, which is used to modify noun or pronoun or gives extra information about noun or

pronoun.

صفت

Comparison of an adjective

In English grammar while knowing about high, higher and the highest quality of a noun here, an

adjective is used in three different degrees.

Degrees of an adjective

1. Positive degree

2. Comparative degree

3. Superlative degree

1. Positive degree of an adjective:- Is also called absolute adjective is a degree in which we

add neither suffixes (r) (er) (est) nor prefixes (less, more)

Examples:

1. The flower is beautiful.

2. Jamila is an intelligent student.

3. Bibi Gull is good woman.

2. Comparative degree: This degree denotes a higher degree of the quality then the positive

and we used this degree when we want to compare two things, two places, and two people

with each other.

Examples: 1. Ghofran is taller than Sabawoon. 2. Zarmina is sweeter than Maryem. 3. I am better than you.

3. Superlative degree: We used this degree when we want to compare one person with the

group of people, one thing with a group of things, one place with a group of place and we used the definite article (the) before superlative.

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Examples: 1. Bamyan is the coldest city in Afghanistan. 2. Muska is the best girl in the class. 3. Sangar is the tallest guy in the class.

Formation of comparative and superlative

For one syllable adjective we add (er) in comparative and (est) in superlative

Positive Comparative Superlative

Sweet Sweeter Sweetest

Great Greater Greatest

Tall Taller Tallest

Small Smaller Smallest

Neat Neater Neatest

When an adjective ends in (e) we add only comparative (r) and super (st)


Brave Braver The Bravest

Fine Finer The finest

Large Larger The largest

White Whiter The whitest

When an adjective ends in a single vowel +consonant, we double the consonant and

add (er) in comparative and (est) in super.


Big Bigger The Biggest

Red Redder The Reddest

Hot Hotter The hottest

Fat Fatter The fattest

When an adjective ends in a double vowel +consonant, here we don’t double

The consonant.


Sweet Sweeter The Sweetest

Great Greater Greatest

When an adjective ends in {consonant +y}, we change (y) to (i) and add (er) in

comparative and (est) superlative.


Happy Happier The Happiest

Heavy Heavier The Heaviest

Easy Easier The Easiest

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For two or more than two syllable adjective we add (less and more) in comparative

and (the least and the most) in superlative.


Interesting more Interesting The most Interesting

Intelligent more Intelligent The most Intelligent

Modern more Modern The most Modern

Famous more Famous The most Famous

Some adjectives have two possibilities, we can add (r, er, more) comparative and

(st,est, the most) in superlative.


Polite Politer/ more politer Politest/ most politest

Simple Simpler/ more simple Simplest/ most simplest

Cruel Crueler/ more crueler Cruelest/ more cruelest

Some adjective don’t have comparative and superlative forms, such adjectives are called absolute

adjective.


Excellent ? ?

Wrong ? ?

Modern ? ?

Famous ? ?

Perfect ? ?

Right ? ?

The comparative and superlative form of irregular adjectives.


Good Better The Best

Bad, ill, Evil Worse The worst

Far Farther Farthest

Late Later The latest

Old Older The Oldest

Many More The most

Much More The most

Little Less, lesser The least

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Conjunction ارتباطي توري

Is a word or group of words that is used to combine two sentences or clauses, two phrases and two

words.

: ارتباطی توری

Examples:

1. I am a boy and you are a girl.

2. Jamila and Maryem.

3. At home and at office.

نوټ

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VERB فعل

Verb is a word which shows an action, state of being and time in a sentence.

فعل

Ex: He drivesa car.

Shows action

Ex:Sheis in the office.

State of being

Ex:he was a student.

Shows time

Verb List

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Verb is generally divided into two groups:

(1) Ordinary verb

(2) Auxiliary verb

(1) Ordinary verb: Are also called main verbs.

Are those verbs which function only as a main verb in the sentence.

No Ordinary Verbs Meanings

1 Teach

2 Sing

3 Read

4 Write

5 Study

6 Walk

7 Talk

Ordinary verbs are generally divided into three groups:

(1) Transitive verbs

(2) Intransitive verbs

(3) Linking verbs

(1) Transitive verbs: Are those verbs which take or needs an object.

Structure:

Subject + transitive verb + object

Ex: He eats lunch.

Tran-v

Ex: She plays cricket.

Tran-v

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(2) Intransitive Verbs: Are those verbs which don’t need or take an object

Structure:

Sub + intransitive verb+ complement.

Intransitive verbs are {walk, go, live, climb, occur etc}

EX: Helives in New York.

Intra-v complement

EX: We go to school yesterday.

Intra-v complement.

Note:An object can’t be a complement, but a complement can be an object

----------------------

(3) Linking verbs: Are also called copulative or copular verbs,

Are those verbs which are used to connect a subject with a complement of a sentence, complement

is a word which completes the meaning of a sentence.

Complement must be either a noun or an adjective, (If it is a noun it is called a nouncomplement, if

it is an adjective it is called adjective complement)

Linking verbs are [is, am, are, was, were, get, taste, smell, look etc]

EX: He is a doctor.

Linking-v noun

Ex: She ispretty.

Linking- v adj

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Auxiliary Verbs

Are those verbs which are used to show the mood of a sentence and help the main verb of a

sentence

Auxiliary verbs have two meaning:

Dictionary meaning: Less important, the staff of low rank

Grammatical meaning: Helping or helpful,

Usages of Auxiliary Verbs:

Used to show degree of certainty. Ex: She will Go to Kabul. (70%75)

Ex: She may Go to Kabul. (50%)

Ex: She might Go to Kabul. (30%)

Used to show stages of obligation. Ex: You should work hard. (70%75)

Ex: You must work hard. (95%98)

Used to show habitual action. Ex: He would play with children when he was a child.

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Preposition اضافي توري

In a word or group of words, used to show the relationship of a noun or pronoun with the rest of a

sentence.

Ex: The pen is on the desk.

Pre noun

Prepositions:

No Some Prepositions Meanings

1 In

2 On

3 To

4 At

5 Next to

6 Behind

7 In front of

8 Under

9 Top

10 Inside

11 Near

12 With

13 Between

15 Up

16 By

17 From

18 Into

19 Until

20 Outside

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Prepositions of Place

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Prepositions of Time

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Prepositions of Time and Locations

Adverbقيد

The word (adverb) means to add something extra to the meaning of a verb.Is a wordwhich is used to

modify a verb, noun, an adjective, an adverb, prepositional phrase and sometimes the whole

sentence?

Ex: Shedancesbeautifully. Verb adverb

Ex: The girlover there is an actress. Noun adverb

Ex: That Pen is verylight. Adv Adj

Ex: She speaks prettyfast. Adv Adv

Ex:Unfortunately,no one was present. Adverb whole sentence

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Interjection دغږ توري

Are words, which are used to express sudden feeling or emotion?

Interjections are :{oh, ah, alas, hurrah, huzza, bravo, wow, ouch, oops etc}

Interjections are used to show:

(a) Joy: Ex: Hurrah, huzza (etc)

(b) Grief: Ex: Alas (etc)

(c) Surprise: Ex: Oh, ah, wow (etc)

(d) Approval: Ex: Bravo (etc)

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پنځمه برخه

Daily Words

01 RELATIVES خپلوان خویشاوندان

Parents پالر و مور والدين

02 Father پالر پدر

03 Mother مور مادر

04 Sister خور خواهر

05 Brother ورور برادر

06 Son زوی پسر

07 Daughter لور دختر

08 Uncle کاکا تره، کاکا

09 Ante خاله خاله

10 Cousin ماما يا کاکا پسر زوی ماما د يا تره د

11 Nephew (بچه) زاده خواهر يا برادر وراره

12 Niece (دختر) زاده خواهر يا برادر وريره

13 Grand father کالن پدر نيکه

14 Grand mother کالن مادر نيا

15 Grand son (بچه) نواسه مسی

16 Grand daughter (دختر) نواسه مسۍ

17 Grand child مسيان نواسه

18 Great grand son (پسر) کواسه کړوسه

19 Great grand daughter (دختر) کواسه کړوسۍ

20 Step father اندر پدر پالر ناسکه

21 Step mother اندر مادر مور ناسکه

22 Step son اندر پسر زوی ناسکه

23 Step daughter اندر دختر لور ناسکه

24 Step wife بنه امباق

25 Husband ميړه شوهر

26 Wife ښځه خانم

27 Fiancé (بچه) نامزد (هلک) نامزد

28 Fiancée (دختر) نامزد چنګله( لور) نامزد

29 Foster father رضايی پدر پالر رضايی

30 Foster mother رضايی مادر مور رضايی

31 Foster brother رضايی برادر ورور رضايی

32 Foster sister رضايی خواهر خور رضايی

33 Foster daughter لور رضايی دختررضايی

34 In-laws خسرخيل خسران

35 Father-in-law خسر خسر

36 Mother-in-law خواښی خشو

37 Brother-in-law ،باجه يازنه، خسربره باجه اوښی،

38 Sister-in-law ،برادر خانم خياشنه ( ورندار) ښځه ورور د ښينه،

39 Daughter-in-law خشو عروش اينګور

40 Bride ناوی عروس

41 Bridegroom شاه شاه

22 Half-blood brother سکه نيمه برادر ورور سکه نيم

43 Full blood brother سکه برادر ورور سکه

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44 Pen-friend قلمی دوست انډيوال قلمی

45 Polygamy زنه دو مرد سړی واال ښځی دوه

46 Widower بيوه مرد کونډ

47 Widow بيوه زن کونډه

01

RELIGIOUS WORDS مذهبی لغاتونه لغات های مذهبی

Incumbent فرض فرض

02 Obligatory واجب واجب

03 Abominable مکروه مکروه

04 Sunah سنت سنت

05 Ablution, prayer wash اودس وضوء

06 Prayer لمونځ نماز

07 Prayer carpet نماز جای نماز جای

08 Alter محراب محراب

09 Apostate شدن مرتد کيدل الری بی نه الری حق د

10 Rosary تسبيح تسبيح

11 Call to prayer آذان آذان

12 Charity خيرات خيرات

13 Coffin تابوت تابوت

14 Congregation جمع جماعت

15 Creator کونکی پيدا ، خالق خالق

16 Creature مخلوق مخلوق

17 Custodian مجاور ، خادم خدمتګار

18 Devil شيطان شيطان

19 Eligible, Legal حالل حالل

20 Illegal حرام حرام

21 Faith ايمان ايمان

22 Fate تقدير تقدير

23 Funeral جنازه جنازه

24 Paradise جنت جنت

25 Hell دوزخ دوزخ

26 Holy سپيڅلی ، پاک مقدس

27 Imam امام امام

28 Infidel کافر کافر

29 Prostrate کردن سجده کول سجده

30 Minaret مسجد منار منار مسجد د

31 Pilgrim, Haji حاجی حاجی

32 Resurrection ،محشر رستاخيز محشر

33 Poly theist مشرک مشرک

34 Preach تبليغ تبليغ

35 Prophet ،نبی پيغمبر نبی ، پيغمبر

36 Public homily خطبه خطبه

37 Pulpit منبر منبر

38 Reward ثواب ثواب

39 Sacrifice ،کردن قربانی قربانی کول قربانی ، قربانی

40 Shrine زيارت زيارت

41 Testament نامه وصيت خط وصيت د

42 Testify نامه شهادت خط شهادت د

43 Shroud کفن کفن

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44 Slave غالم ،بنده غالم

45 Genuflection رکوع رکوع

01

MEDICAL WORDS طبی هایلغات طبی لغاتونه

Blood bank خون بانک بانک وينی د

02 Clinical labs البراتوار البراتوار

03 Dead room سردخانه خانه، مرده خونه مړو د

04 E.N.T Ward گلو و گوش بخش څانګه ستونی او غوږ د

05 Electro cardiogram section قلب گراف بخش څانګه ګراف زړه د

06 Emergency department عاجل شعبه خونه عاجله

07 Internal داخله داخله

08 Surgery یحجرا جراحی

09 Eye ward چشم بخش څانګه سترګو د

10 G.B.S.T Ward والدی نسايی بخش څانګه والدی نسايی د

11 I.C.U جدی مراقبت بخش څانګه څارنی جدی د

12 Labor room عمله اطاق خونه حامله د

13 Laundry خانه دوبی خونه مينځلو کالی د

14 Operation theater خانه عمليات خونه عمليات د

15 Orthopedic ward استخوان بخش څانګه هډوکو د

16 Pediatric اطفال بخش څانګه کوچنيانو د

17 Physiotherapy فيزوتراپی بخش څانګه فيزوتراپی د

18 Recovery unit جدی مراقبت بخش څانګه څارنی جدی د

19 Neutrerological surgery عصاب جراحی جراحی عصابو د

20 Abdominal surgery بطنی جراحی جراحی خيټی د

21 Urology ward يورولِوژی بخش څانګه يورولوژی د

22 Headache دردی سر سردردی

23 Pain درد درد

24 Earache دردی گوش درد غوږ د

25 Backache دردی کمر درد مال د

26 Urine infection سوزاک سوزاک

27 Epilepsy بيهوشی ، صرع بيماری ناروغی ميرګی د

28 Aching خارښت خارش

29 Bleeding بهيدنه وينی د خونريزی

30 Diarrhea اسهال ، ناستی نس اسهال

31 Indigestible هضم قابل غير وړتيا نه هضم د

1

CLOTHES جامی لباسها

Suit دريشی دريشی

02 Pants پتلون پتلون

03 Shirt مردانه پيراهن کميس نرانو د

04 Dress زنانه پيراهن کميس ښځو د

05 Coat کورتۍ کورتی

06 Over coat باالپوش باالپوش

07 Rain coat بارانی کورتی کورتۍ باران د

08 Winter coat زمستانی کورتی کورتۍ ژمی د

09 Waistcoat واسکټ واستکت

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10 Jumper جامپر جامپر

11 T- shirt قاق يخن زيرپرانی

12 Under wear پوشی زير جامه اغوستلو الندی

13 Under shirt پراهنی زير بنين ، کميس اغوستلو الندی

14 Skirt لمن دامن

15 Sock مردانه جراب جراب نرانو د

16 Stocking زنانه جراب جراب ښځو د

17 Scarf گردن دستمال دستمال غاړی د

18 Shawl شال شال

19 Sweater جاکټ جاکت

20 Pullover قوله نيم جاکت جاکټ قوله نيم

21 Nick tie نکټايی نکتايی

22 Hat خوله کال

23 Cap دار پيک کال خوله داره پيک

24 Skull cap دار جالی کال خوله داره جالی

25 Gloves دستکش ، آغوستنی الس دستکش

26 Drawers پوشی زير جامه اغوستلو الندی

27 Pantaloon پتلون ،شلوار پتلون

28 Night shirt مردانه خواب پيراهن کالی خوب د نرانو د

29 Night gown زنانه خواب پيراهن کالی خوب د ښځو د

30 Brassier بند پستان واسکټ تيانو د ، بند سينه

31 Bra بند پستان واسکټ تيانو د ، بند سينه

32 Blanket پتو يا کمپل پټو يا کمپل

33 Apron خوری نان بند پيش بند پيش خوړلو ډوډی د

34 Frock آشپزی بند پيش بند پيش اشپزی

35 Button تڼۍ دکمه

36 Button hole کاج تنۍ د کاج

37 Veil څادر چادر

38 Loin cloth حمام لنگ لنګ حمام د

39 Pocket جيب جيب

40 Side pocket جيب بغل جيب بغل د

41 Upper pocket سينه سر جيب جيب پاسنی

42 Necklace بند گردن کی غاړه

43 Bracelet بند دست کره الس د

44 Bangle بنګړی چوری

45 Ring ګوته انگشتر

46 Ear- ring والۍ غوږ گوشواره

47 Anklet زيب پا زيب پا

48 Stud بينی ميخک ميخک

49 Shoes بوټ بوت

50 Sneakers سپورتی بوتهای ،شينکاک بوټان سپورتی

51 Barouche (سرپايی) بوټان قسم يو سرپايی

52 Sandal چپلکی چپلی

53 Collar غاړه يخن

54 V- neck هفت يخن غاړه شکله عدد اووه د

55 Polo neck گلوبند يخن غاړه بنده

56 Crew neck گرد يخن غاړه ګرده

57 Turtle neck نيمه يخن غاړه نيمه

58 Lapel کورتی يخن غاړه کورتی د

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59 Cuff آستين دهن خوله لستوڼی د

60 Boot موزه موزه

61 Bed sheet روجايی روجايی

No 01

MEDICLA WORDS طبی لغاتونه لغاتهای طبی

Gall دانه دانه

02 Allergy حساسيت حساسيت

03 Shingles خال تب بخار

04 Nerve shock عصبی شوک جټکه عصبی

05 Constipation قبضيت قبضيت

06 Dizziness پرکالتوب گنسی

07 Alopecia رفتگی موی ګنجی

08 Borborygmus (شکم اواز) شکم قرقر آواز نس د

09 Asthenia ضعيفی ، سستی ضعيفی

10 Anorexia اشتهاهی بی اشتيايی بی

11 Exompholos رفتگی ناف شوی ځايه بی نو

12 Tonic دارو ورکونکی سبک مقوی

13 Wen بوغمه مده

14 Diarrhea اسهال اسهال

15 Vomiting کردن استفراغ کول استفراق

16 Vertigo چکر سر د سرگيچی

17 Fever تبه تبه

18 Nausea بدی زړه دلبدی

19 H.I.V ايډس ايدس

01

THE PRECIOUS STONES قیمتی ډبری سنگ های قیمتی

Diamond الماس الماس

02 Emerald زمروت زمرد

03 Ruby ياقوت ياقوت

04 Pearl مرواريد مرواريد

05 Gold زر سره طال، طال

06 Silver نقره نقره

07 Turquoise غمی بخن شين پيروزه، فيروزه

08 Agate عقيق عقيق

09 Spinally ruby لعل لعل

10 Coral مرجان مرجان

11 Cowries خرموره خرموره

12 Azure الجورد الجورد

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01

PLANETS ستوری سیاره ها

Sun لمر آفتاب

02 Earth ځمکه زمين

03 Moon سپوږمئ مهتاب

04 Venus زهره/ ناهيد ستوری زهره د

05 Mercury عطارد عطارد

06 Pluto پلوتو پلوتو

07 Saturn زحل زحل

08 Mars مريخ مريخ

09 Jupiter مشتری مشتری

10 Uranus اورانوس اورانوس

11 Neptune نيتون نپتون

12 Comet دار دنباله ستاره ستوری لرونکی لکۍ

13 Galaxy کهکشان ، الر آسمان د کهکشان

14 Hesperus شام ستاره ستوری ماښام د

15 Lucifer صبح ستاره ستوری سهار د

01

COLORS رنګونه رنگ ها

White سپين سفيد

02 Black تور سياه

03 Red سور سرخ

04 Light red روشن سرخ سور روښانه

05 Green شين سبز

06 Light green يشمی/ روشن سبز شين روښانه

07 Dark green شين تک ماشی

08 Blue آبی آسمانی، آبی

09 Light blue روشن آبی آبی روښانه

10 Dark blue يی سرمه يی سرمه

11 Yellow ژيړ زرد

12 Orange نارنجی نارنجی

13 Gray خړرنګه خاکستری

14 Violet بنفشه بنفش

15 Brown نصواری نصواری

16 Pink ګالبی گالبی

17 Milk white شيرچايی شيرچايی

18 Purple ارغوانی ارغوانی

19 Silver يی نقره يی نقره

20 Golden طاليی طاليی

21 Olive زيتونی زيتونی

22 Beige رنګ بخن ژيړ شتری

23 Maroon رنګ ميشی د ميشی

24 Avocado بلوتی بلوتی

25 Peach شفتالويی شفتالويی

26 Tan نخودی نخودی

27 Dan خرمايی خرمايی

28 Turquoise يی فيروزه يی پيروزه

29 Cream کريمی کريمی

30 Russet يی خينه رنګ بخن سور

31 Chrome رنګ غنمی گندمی

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32 Azure رنګ الجوردی الجوردی

33 Pistachio يی پسته رنګ يی پسته

01

FRISH&DRIED FRIUTS وچه او تازه میوی میوه های تازه وخشک Grape انګور انگور

02 Apple مڼه سيب

03 Banana کيله کيله

04 Mango ام عم

05 Apricot زردالو زردالو

06 Peach شفتالو شفتالو

07 Plum آلوچه آلوچه

08 Quince بهی بهی

09 Pear ناک ناک

10 Pomegranate انار انار

11 Tangerine مالته مالته

12 Orange مالته/ نارنج مالته/ نارنج

13 Mandarin کينو کينو

14 Cheery ګيالس گيالس

15 Black cheery آلوبالو آلوبالو

16 Mulberry توت توت

17 Fig اينځر انجير

18 Date خرما خرما

19 Melon خټکی خربوزه

20 Water melon هندواڼه تربوز

21 Persimmon آملوک املوک

22 Damson آلوچه آلوچه

23 Sultana دانه بی کشمش کشمش نلرنکی دانه

24 Pistachio پسته پسته

25 Almond بادام بادام

26 Nut مندکه خسته

27 Walnut مغز چهار مغز چهار

28 Fir apple سياه جلغوزه جلغوزه توره

29 Raisin کشمش کشمش

30 Pea nut پاکستانی جلغوزه جلغوزه پاکستانی

31 Co-co nut نالایر نالایر

32 Pineapple انناس اناناس

33 Prune آلوبخارا آلوبخارا

34 Grape fruit امروت امروت

35 Straw berry زمينی توت توت ځمکنی

36 Olive زيتون زيتون

77 Jujube (ميوه ډول يو) عناب عناب

73 Back berry توت شاه توت شاه

01

SEEDS تخمونه تخم ها

Barely دانه اوربشی د جو

02 Corn دانه دجوارو جواری

03 Cotton seed دانه پنبه دانه مالوچو د

04 Bean لوبيا لوبيا

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05 Broad bean لوبيا ډول يو باقلی

06 Millet ږدن ارزن

07 Mustard شړشم شرشم

08 Paddy وريجی خام شالی

09 Sweat band ذغر ذغر

10 Pea نخود نخود

11 Rice وريجی برنج

12 Sesame کونځلی کنجت

13 wheat غنم گندم

14 Maize جوار جوار

01

VIGETABLES سبزی جات سبزی جات

Spinach پالک پالک

02 Leek ګندنه گندنه

03 Celery گشنيز گشنيز

04 Water cress تراتيزک تراتيزک

05 Mint نعنا نعنا

06 Pepper مرچک مرچ

07 Green pepper تازه مرچ مرچک تازه

08 Onion پياز پياز

09 Green onion پياز نيش پياز تازه

10 Cucumber بادرنګ بادرنگ

11 Snake cucumber تره تره

12 Garlic هوګه سير

13 Squash کدو کدو

14 Pumpkin گرد کدو کدو ګرده

15 Courgette , Zucchini تابستانی کدو يا ترايی کدو اوړی د يا ترايی

16 Potato پټاټی کچالو، کچالو

17 Turnip شلغم شلغم

18 Cauliflower ګلپی گلپی

19 Egg plant سيا بادنجان توربانجان

20 Tomato رومی بادنجان روميان

21 Parsnip سفيد ملی ملۍ سپينه

22 Radish سرخک ملی ملۍ سور

23 Bean لټيری لوبيا

24 Green bean فاصليه فاصليه

25 Vetch مۍ ، ماش ماش

26 Lentil دال دال

27 Split peas نخود دال نخود دال

28 Carrot زردګ زردک

29 Clover شبدر ، شفتل شوتل شفتل،

30 Shamrock دی شوتل ډول يو رشقه

70 Cabbage کرم کرم

72 Lettuce کاهو کاهو

77 Beet لبلبو لبلبو

72 Cane ګنۍ نيشکر

73 Rhubarb رواش پښی، رواش

76 Mushroom مرخيړی سمارق

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01

MEAT ښـــــــــــهغو گوشت

Mutton گوسفند گوشت غوښه پسه د

02 Beef گاو گوش غوښه غويی د

03 Calf گوساله گوشت غوښه هوسۍ د

04 Chicken مرغ گوشت غوښه چرګ د

05 Fish ماهی گوشت غوښه ماهی د

06 Poultry گان پرنده گوشت غوښه مرغانو د

07 Turkey مرغ فيل گوشت غوښه مرغ فيل د

08 Pork خوک گوشت غوښه( خنځير) سرکوزی د

09 Fried fish سرخ ماهی ماهی سور

10 Fat وازده چربی

11 Fat of meat گوشت چربی وازده غوښی د

12 Ham خوک ران ورون سرکوزی د

13 Goat meat بز گوشت غوښه وزه د

14 Venison آهو گوشت غوښه آهو د

01

PARTS OF BICYCLE د بایسکل پرزی پرزه جات بایسکل

Bell زنګ زنگ

02 Form چوکاټ چوکات

03 Frocks شاخه دو شاخه دوه

04 Handle bar انډل هندل

05 Brake ِرکب بيريک

06 Brake level رکبِ دسته الستی بيريک د

07 Brake cable بِرک سيم سيم بيريک د

08 Saddle تخته شا د زين، زين

09 Carrying rock قنجوغه قنجوغه

10 Chain زنځير زنجير

11 Chain wheel چکر چکر

12 Chain cover زنجير قاب قاب زنځير د

13 Crank اکسل ميل ميل اکسل د

14 Cross bar ميل مخکنی پيشروی ميل

15 Dynamo ډاينمو داينمو

16 Front light څراغ مخکنی پيشروی چراغ

17 Reflector عقب اشاره اشاره شاتنی

18 Mud guard (نيونکی خټو د) ګلګلير گلگير

19 Mud flap گير خاک (ګير خاک) نيونکی خاورو د

20 Pedal پايډل پايدل

01

ANIMALS حیوانات حیوانات

Dragon ښامار اژدها

02 Lion زمری شير

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03 Tiger پړانګ ببر

04 Elephant فيل فيل

05 Swine (خوګ) سرکوزی خوک

06 Camel اوښ شتر

07 Horse آس آسپ

08 Bear ايږه خرس

09 Grass hopper ملخ ملخ

10 Deer (آهو) هوسی آهو

11 Cow غوا گاو

12 Ox-cow گاو قلبه غويی کولو قلبه د

13 Buffalo غويی وحشی ميښه، گاوميش

14 Sheep پسه گوسفند

15 Lamb وری بره

16 Goat وزګړی وزه، بز

17 Crocodile تمساح تمساح

18 Monkey بيزو شادی

19 Donkey (مذکر) خر خر

20 Ass (ماده) خر خره

21 Jackal شغال شغال

22 Dog سپی سگ

23 Puppy سگ چوچه بچی سپی د

24 Calf خوسکی خوسندر، گوساله

25 Mule کچر قاطر

26 Ewe ميش ، ماده گوسفند ميږه

27 Crab کبر کونی ، چنګاښ خرچنگ

28 Turtle شمشتی سنگپشت

29 Rabbit خرګوش خرگوش

30 Hedgehog زيږګی خارپشت

31 Ape بيزو ميمون

32 Foal مرکب کره بياڼ کورنۍ اس د او اس د

33 Otter ماهيخوار جانور الوو ګس

34 Ferret خرما موش نولی پړانګ، ږکمو

35 Snake مار مار

36 Lizard څرمښکی کربوړی، چلپاسه

37 Cat پيشو پيشو

38 Rat ئیصحرا موش موږک سارايی

39 Mouse موږک خانگی موش

40 Grass hopper ملخ ملخ

41 Frog چونګښه بقه

42 Flea کيکه ورږه، کيک

43 Louse سپږه شپش

44 Bee عسل زنبور مچۍ شاتو د

45 Wasp غومبسه زنبور

46 Partridge زرکه کبک

47 Stork لګ لګ لگلگ

48 Turkey مرغ فيل مرغ فيل

49 Pea-hen مونث طاووس تاوسته

50 Pea-cock مذکر طاووس تاوس

51 Parrot طوطی طوطی

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52 Hornet سرخ زنبور بمبره ډنبره،

53 Sparrow چڼچڼه پرستو

54 Trak حکک حکک

55 Canary کنری کنری

56 Nightingale بلبل خاچوڼی، بلبل

57 Swallow غچی غچی

58 Dove قمری کوتره، فاخته

59 Eagle باښه ډول يو عقاب، عقاب

60 Goose بته قازه، قاز

61 Ostrich شترمرغ شترمرغ

62 Pigeon کونتره کبوتر

63 Cock چرګ خروس

64 Hen چرګه ماکيان

65 Chicken مرغ چوچه چرګوړی

66 Owl بوم کونګ، بوم

67 Cuckoo کوتره کوکو موسيچه

68 Hawk مارغه ښکاری ډول يو باز، باشه

69 Falcon باښه باز، باز

70 Duck بته هيلۍ، مرغابی

71 Duckling مرغابی چوچه بچۍ هيلۍ د

72 Worm چينجی کرم

73 Silk worm ابرايشم کرم چينجی وريښمينه د

74 Caterpillar ،درختی کرم مور چينجی ونو د

75 Spider (جوال) عنکبوت غونډل

76 Ant ميږتون مورچه

77 Scorpion لړم گژدم

78 Mosquito ماشی پشه

79 Cock roach کيک مادر مورينه ورږو د ګړندي،

80 Moth پتنګ پروانه

81 Butterfly پرک شب پتڼ

82 Fly مچ مگس

83 Fox ګيدړه روبا

01

HOME TOOLS د کور شیان اجناس خانه

Sofa سوفه کټګۍ، کوچ

02 Table ميز ميز

03 Chair څوکی چوکی

04 Cupboard الماری الماری

05 Bed بستره بستر

06 Single bed نفره يک خواب تخت تخت خوب د نفری يو

07 Double bed نفره دو خواب تخت تخت خوب د نفری دوه

08 Cot طفالنه خواب تخت تخت خوب د ماشومانو د

09 Cradle زانګو گهواره

10 Carpet قالين قالين

11 Matters توشکه دوشک

12 Pillow بالښت بالشت

13 Table cloth دسترخوان ميزپوښ، سرميزی

14 Bed sheet روجائي روجايی

15 Bed spread سرتختی ، روجائي ډول يو سرتختی

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16 Quilt تلتک بړستن، لحاف

17 Blanket کمپل ، پتو شړۍ کمپل،

18 Video ويډيو ويديو

19 Stereo کست راديو کسټ راډيو د

20 Tape-recorder ټايپ تيپ

21 Radio راډيو راديو

22 Oven داش ، اورغالی تنور، داش

23 Stove منقل ، بخاری بخاری

24 Fan پکه پکه

25 Ceiling fan سقفی پکه پکه چتی

26 Iron اوتو اوتو

27 Ironing board اوتو ميز ميز اوتو د

28 Sewing machine خياطی ماشين ماشين خياطی د

29 Glass ګالس گالس

30 Cup پياله پياله

31 Teapot چاينکه چاينک

32 Jug جګ جک

33 Plat بشقاب بشقاب

34 Bowel کاسه کاسه

35 Saucer نلبکی نالبکی

36 Water pot لوښی ايستلو اوبو د آبکشی

37 Sugar bowel قندانی قندانی

38 Tray پتنوس پتنوس

39 Tea spoon خوری چای قاشق قاشقه څکلو چای د

40 Table spoon خوری نان قاشق څمڅۍ ميز د قاشقه، خوړلو ډوډی د

41 Fork پنجه پنجه

42 Ladle کاچوغه ، څمڅۍ مالقه

43 Fridge يخچال يخچال

44 Ashtray دانی سگرت داني سګرټ

45 Clock سرميزی ساعت ساعت ميزی

46 Curtain پرده پرده

47 Pail سطل سطل

48 Saucer pan بخار ديگ بخار ديګ

49 Lamp ډيوه څراغ، لمپه

50 Bulb ګروپ گروپ

51 Lantern اريکن اريکين

52 Torch دستی چراغ ، گيس برق السی

53 Frying pan کرايی پزی، تخم کړايی

54 Pan ديګی ديگ

55 Mirror آيينه آيينه

56 Broom جارو جاروب

57 Vacuum cleaner برقی جاروب جارو برقی

58 Ewer صراحىګج آفتابه،

59 Basin لګن لگن

60 Sink شويی دست دستشويی

61 Geyser ګرمی آب آبگرمی

62 Pepper pot دانی مرچ دانی مرچ

63 Hook بند کود کوډبند

64 Vat مرطبان ، خمره کنډول ، چاټی

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65 Watering can آبکش آبکش

66 Strainer صافی چلوصاف

67 Tub تشت تشت

68 Clipper بُریُ گل قيچی قيچی

69 Scissors خياطی قيچی قيچی

70 Shovel بيلچه بيل

71 Hoe بيل کج بيلچه کږه

72 Spade بيلچه بيلچه

73 Packing needle دوز جوال ګنډونکی جوال

74 Thread تار تار

75 Thimble ګوتمه انگشتانه

76 Mortar هاوان هاوان

77 Pestle هاوان دسته الستی هاوان د

78 Adze تيشه تيشه

79 Saw اره اره

80 Needle ستنه سوزن

01

GEOGRAPHY جغـــــــــــرافیه جغــــــــــــرافیه

Arctic ocean شمالی منجمد اوقيانوس منجمد اوقيانوس شمالی

02 Atlantic ocean بحر اتالنتيک بحراتالنتيک

03 Bay کوک خليج کوک خليج

04 Bank دريا کنار غاړه درياب د

05 Border سرحد سرحد

06 Brook وياله جويچه

07 Canyon دره دره

08 Caribbean بحر کارابين د بحرکارابين

09 Coast غاړه سيند د ساحل، ساحل

10 Continent براعظم ، وچه لويه قاره

11 Dam سر ، بند بند

12 Desert دښت دشت

13 Eclipse of sun کيدنه نيول دلمر کسوف

14 Eclipse of moon کيدنه نيول سپوږمی د خسوف

15 Equator استوا خط کرښه ستوا د

16 Fountain , jet فواره ، چشمه چينه فواره،

17 Gulf ژورځای خليج، خليج

18 Hill غونډی تپه

19 Indian ocean هند بحر بحر هند د

20 Island جزيره ، ټاپو جزيره

21 Forest ځنګل جنگل

22 Lake کوړم جهيل، جهيل

23 Latitude البلد عرض البلد عرض

24 Longitude البلد طول البلد طول

25 Map نقشه نقشه

26 Meadow زار سبزه ، زار علف چمن وښيانه،

27 Mediterranean مديترانه بحر سمندر مديترانی د

28 Meridian النهار نصف خط ليکه النهار نصف د

29 Moat خندق خندق

30 Mountain غر کوه

31 Mud الی گل خټه

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32 Ocean اوقيانوس ، بحر سمندر بحر،

33 Pacific ocean آرام اوقيانوس سمندر آرام د

34 Peninsula جزيره شبه جزيره شپه وزمه، ټاپو

35 Plain کنده وادی

36 Polar قطب قطب

37 River سيند دريا

38 Rock سنگ سخره تيږه شګينه ، ډبره غرګی

39 Season موسم موسم

40 Simoom شمال هوا، وچه او ګرمه باسموم

41 Soil خاوره خاک

42 Spring چينه چشمه

43 Stream کانال ، جوی کانال وياله،

44 Topography برداری نقشه جوړونه نقشه

45 Valley ،وادی دره دره

46 Waterfall ځروبی شرشره آبشار

47 Wave غږ وړانګو د څپه، خوج

48 Co Cano غورځونه اور آتشفشانی

49 Summit څوکه قله

50 Avalanche کوچ برف ښويدنه واوری د

01

Foods خوراکونه خوراکه ها

Boiled egg جوشانده تخم هګی کړی جوش

02 Bread ډوډی نان

03 Gravy يخنی يخنی

04 Chicken roast مرغ کباب کباب مرغ د چرګه، کړی سور

05 Chips چپس چپس

06 Dessert غذا از بعد شيرنی شيرنی پس نه خواړه

07 Egg plant stew بانجان برانی توربانجان شوی ايشول

08 Fried fish بريان ماهی کب کړی سور

09 Green rice پلو سبزی پلو سبزی

10 Ground meat sauce قورمه غوښی کړی ميده قيمه

11 Minced meat شده قيمه گوشت غوښه شوی قورمه

12 Mot dog جوشی روغن غوړی جوشی

13 Sweat paste حلوا حلوا

14 Lamb roast بره کباب کباب غوښی د پسه د

15 Macaroni مکرونی مکرونی

16 Meat ball کوفته کوفته

17 Meat dumphing منتو منتو

18 Mushroom stew سمارق قورمه قورمه مرخيړی د

19 Mutton roast گوسفند کباب کباب پسه د

20 Omelet بند نيم تخم خاګينه

21 Pickle اچار آچار

22 Rice وريجی برنج

23 Rissole پاشان کوفته ماهی يا غوښه کړی کوفته

24 Roast کباب کباب

25 Salad سالته سالت

26 Scramble egg مخلوط تخم هګی شوی ګډه

27 Steak شده سرخ گاو گوشت غوښه کړی سور غوا د

28 Stew کول قورمه برانی، بُرانی

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29 Toast bread شده بريان نان پراټه ډوډی، کرپنده

30 Tuna کالن ماهی گوشت غوښه کب غټ د

31 Vinegar سرکه سرکه

32 Sausage ساسج ساسج

01

THE FACULTIES ها پوهنځی پوهنځی

Law and political science اجتماعی علوم و حقوق ځیپوهن پوهنځی علومو اجتماعی د او حقوق د

02 Language and literature ادبيات و زبان پوهنځی پوهنځی ادبياتو د او ژبی د

03 Fine arts زيبا هنرهای پوهنځی پوهنځی هنرونو ښکلی د

04 Theology شرعيات پوهنځی پوهنځی شرعياتو د

05 Engineering انجينری پوهنځی پوهنځی انجينری د

06 Education تربيه و تعليم پوهنځی پوهنځی تربيی او تعليم د

07 Journalism ژورناليزم پوهنځی پوهنځی ژورناليزم د

08 Pharmacy سازی دوا پوهنځی پوهنځی فارمسی د

09 Geology شناسی زمين پوهنځی پوهنځی پيژندلو ځمکی د

10 Economics اقتصاد پوهنځی پوهنځی اقتصاد د

11 Agriculture زراعت پوهنځی پوهنځی( کرهڼی) زراعت د

12 Social science اجتماعی علوم پوهنځی پوهنځی علومو اجتماعی د

13 Natural science طبيعی علوم پوهنځی پوهنځی علومو طبيعی د

14 Medical faculty طب پوهنځی پوهنځی طب د

15 Curative medicine معالجوی طب پوهنځی پوهنځی معالجوی طب د

16 Preventive medicine وقايوی پوهنځي پوهنځی( نيونکی مخه) وقايوی

17 Pediatrics اطفال پوهنځی پوهنځی کوچنيانو د

18 intermediate medical studies

طبی متوسطه تعليمات کړی زده طب منځنی د

19 Teacher training institution

دارالمعلمين دارالمعلمين

20 Army school ښونځی حربی ښونځی حربی د

21 Army academy پوهنتون حربی پوهنتون حربی د

22 Computer science ساينس کمپيوتر پوهنځی پوهنځی ساينس کمپيوتر د

23 Polytechnic institute تخنيک پولی انستتيوت انستيتيوت تخنيک پولی د

24 Aerial university هوايی پوهنتون پوهنتون هوايی

25 Police academy پوليس اکادمی اکادمی پوليسو د

01

JUDICIAL WORDS قضایئ لغاتونه لغات های قضایئ

Advocate مدافع وکيل وکيل مدافع

02 Primary court ابتدايئ محکمه محکمه ابتدايی

03 Appeal court استناف محکمه محکمه استناف

04 Supreme court محکمه ستره محکمه ستره

05 Attorney power خط وکالت خط وکالت د

06 Chief justice القضات قاضی القضات قاضی

07 Civil law مدنی قانون قانون مدنی

08 Commercial law تجارتی قانون قانون تجارتی

09 Court order محکمه حکم حکم محکمی د

10 Criminal law جزا قانون قانون جزا د

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11 Judge قاضی کردن، قضاوت قاضی کول، قضاوت

12 Judgment قضاوت قضاوت

13 Judiciary قضايی قوه قوه قضايی

14 Jury منصفه هيئت هيئت کونکی قضاوت

15 Lawful قانونی قانونی

16 Law suit دفاعی مدافعه

17 Petition عريضه عريضه

18 Petitioner عارض عارض

19 Punishment جزا جزا

20 Rehearing نظر تجديد کتنه بيا

21 Sentence حکم کردن، محکوم محکومول

22 Trial محاکمه محاکمه

23 Verdict امر حکم، حکم

24 Witness شاهد شاهد

25 Testify دادن شهادت ورکول شاهدی

26 Judicial power قضايه قوه قوه قضايه

27 Legislative power مقننه قوه قوه مقننه

28 Executive power اجرائيه قوه قوه اجرائيه

29 Juror منصفه هيئت عضو هيئت ډلی کونکو قضاوت د

30 Decree فرمان فرمان

01

CONSTRUCTION WORDS ساختمانی لغاتونه لغات های ساختمانی Apartment اپارتمان اپارتمان

02 Hummer څټک چکش

03 Basement ،تهداب تاهکو تهداب بيخ،

04 Block بالک بالک

05 Notice window پنجره پنجره

06 Block wall کټاره کتاره

07 Brace , Terrace برنډه برنده

08 Brick خښته خشت

09 Building تعمير تعمير

10 Ladder زينه زينه

11 Cement سمنټ سمنت

12 Chimney (بخاری د لکه) کښ دود دودکش

13 Clay کردن گلماله کول ګلماله

14 Clay pail ډولچه دولچه

15 Compaction کاری تپک کاری ټپک

16 Concrete کانکريټ کانکريت

17 Corner stone تهداب سنگ تيګی تهداب د يا بيخ د

18 Crane کرن کرن

19 Crashed rock (جغل) ډبری شوی مات جغل

20 Designing چاالک ، سازی پروژه چاالک جوړول، پروژه

21 Gutter لښتی اوبو ناولو د ناوه

22 Excavation کيندنه حفرکاری

23 Filing ډکون ، ډکول پرکاری

24 Flat پارتمانا اپارتمان

25 Float چوبی گلماله ګلماله لرګيو د رنده، موټه

26 Gravel کريړ سنگچل

27 Leveling کاری هموار کول ليول

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28 Lime چونه چونه

29 Lintel سرتاق سرتاق

30 Mallet مارتوړ مارتور

31 Material شيان مواد، مواد

32 Mortar مساله تعميراتی مثاله

33 Mortar trough الهسم کاسه لګن مسالو د تغاری،

34 Mould قالب قالب

35 Painting کاری انگاف انګافول

36 Pickax کلنګ کلنگ

37 Plumb ئلشا شاؤل

38 Primer استر استر

39 Raw material خام مواد مواد خام

40 Residential building مسکونی تعمير تعمير استوګنی د

41 Roof بام بام

42 Shutter board پرده در پرده دروازی د

43 Ceiling چت سقف

44 Sand شګه ريگ

45 Scaffold بندی تخته داره، خوازه، خوازه

46 Scramble ريگ جالی جالی شګو د

47 Side fence چوبی کتاره کټاره لرګيو د

48 Stone work کاری سنگ کار تيګو د

49 Straw بوس کاه

50 Trowel آهنی گلماله ګلماله پنیاوس د

51 Hand cart دستی کراچی کراچی السی

52 Spirit level ترازو آب (ليول) ترازو اوبو د

01

EXTERNAL PARTS OF THE BODY

خارجی بدن اعضاء غړيجي د بدن خار

Head سر سر

02 Scalp سر پوست پوستکی سر د

03 Crown سر فرق ککرۍ

04 Hair ويښته موی

05 Forehead ټنټه تندی، پيشانی

06 Temple شقيقه ټيک، شقيقه

07 Face مخ روی

08 Eye سترګه چشم

09 Eyebrow وروځی آبرو

10 Eyeball چشم تخم ګاټی سترګو د

11 Pupil چشم مردمک تور سترګو د

12 Eyelash باڼه گانژم

13 Eyelid ځيږمه سترګو د پلک

14 Upper lid ځيږمه پاسنی بااليی پلک

15 Lower lid پايانی پلک ځيږمه الندنی

16 Nose پزه بينی

17 Nostril بينی سوراخ سوری پزی د

18 Cheek رخسار ،کومه غومبوری اننګی،

19 Jaw زامه عالشه

20 Chin زنه زنخ

21 Lip شونډه لب

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22 Upper lip بااليی لب شونډه پاسنی

23 Lower lip پايانی لب شونډه الندنی

24 Gum اورۍ بيره

25 Tooth غاښ دندان

26 Tongue ژبه زبان

27 Mouth خوله دهن

28 Palate تالو کام

29 Ear غوږ گوش

30 Earlap گوش نرمی نرمۍ غوږ د

31 Neck غاړه گردن

32 Shoulder اوږه شانه

33 Beard ګيره ريش

34 Moustache بريت بروت

35 Chest سينه سينه ،قفس

36 Breast ټټر تی، پستان

37 Nipple پستان نوک څوکه تی د

38 Abdomen نس ، خيټه شکم

39 Navel نو ناف

40 Arm مټ بازو

41 Armpit تخرګ زيربغل

42 Hand الس دست

43 Elbow څنګل آرنج

44 Wrist دست بند بند الس د

45 Palm دست کف ورغوی

46 Finger ګوته انگشت

47 Index finger شهادت انگشت ګوته شهادت د

48 Nail نوک ناخون

49 Skin ،جلد پوست پوستکی

50 Leg پښه پاه

51 Thigh رون ران

52 Ankle پاه بجلک ښنګری

53 Shank پاه ساق پونډۍ

54 Sole پاه کف تله پښي د

55 Toe پاه شصت ګوته پښی د

01

INTERNAL PARTS OF THE BODY

غړيد بدن داخلی اعضاء داخلی بدن

Brain ماغزه مغز

02 Heart زړه قلب

03 Liver ځيګر جگر

04 Spleen (طحال) توری طحال

05 Stomach معده معده

06 Intestine کولمه امعاء

07 Small intestine کوچک امعای کولمی وړی

08 Long intestine بزرگ امعای کولمی غټی

09 Lung پپوس ، سږی شش

10 Kidney پښتورګی گرده

11 Pharynx ستونی گلو

12 Larynx حلقوم ، حنجره برخه پاسنی غاړی وچی د

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13 Esophagus مرۍ مری

14 Duodenum عشر اثنا (کولمو وړو د) کولمی عشری

15 Gallbladder تريخه کڅوړی د يا مثانی د سنگدان

16 Urinary bladder مثانه مثانه

17 Pancreas پانقراس ، تريخی پانقراس

18 Vein رګ وريد

19 Rib پوښتۍ قبرغه

20 Artery شريان شيريان

21 Capillaries شعريه عروق رګ وړوکی

22 Blood وينه خون

23 Blood cells خون کرويات کرويات وينی د

24 White blood cells خون سفيد کرويات کرويات سپين وينی د

25 Red blood cells خون سرخ کرويات کرويات سور وينی د

26 Cell حجره حجره

27 Pelvis خاصره لگن کونغپ ، کونغری

28 Joint بند مفصل

29 Muscle عضله عضله

30 Bone هډوکی استخوان

31 Nerve رشته عصبی يا پلده عصب

32 Back bone-spine فقرات ستون تير مال د

01

OCCUPATIONS دندی وظیفه ها

Doctor طبيب ، داکتر طبيب ، داکتر

02 Engineer انجينر انجينر

03 Lawyer دان حقوق پوه حقوق

04 Philosopher فيلسوف فيلسوف

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05 Professor پروفيسور پروفيسور

06 Judge قاضی قاضی

07 Clerk منشی ، کاتب ليکوال

08 Secretary منشی منشی

09 Architect معمار مهندس

10 Police officer پوليس افسر افسر پوليسو د

11 Author مؤلف ، ليکوال مؤلف

12 Translator ترجمان مترجم

13 Worker رگرکا مزدور ، کونکی کار

14 Baker پخونکی ډوډی واال، نانوايی خباز

15 Barber ډم ، نايی سلمان، سلمان

16 Broker دالل دالل

17 Cobbler موچی موچی

18 Porter وړونکی بار حمال

19 Water bearer سقاوه سقاوه

20 Cotton beater نداف نداف

21 Mason معمار معمار

22 Carpenter نجار نجار

23 Shopkeeper دکاندار دکاندار

24 Shoemaker ساز بوت جوړونکی بوټ

25 Druggist ساز دوا جوړونکی دوا

26 Char man مداری مداری

27 Driver ډريور راننده

28 Carter بان کراچی واال کراچی

29 Salesman خرڅونکی فروشنده

30 Postman رسان پوسته رسونکی پوسته

31 Soldier عسکر عسکر

32 Tailor خياط خياط

33 Electrician برقی برقی

34 Miller بان آسياب آسيوان ، واال ژرندی

35 Watch maker ساز ساعت جوړونکی ساعت

36 Cook پخوونکی اشپز

37 Waiter خدمتګار ګارسون، خدمه

38 Waitress (زن) خدمه خدمتګاره ګارسونه،

39 Cashier دار خزانه دار خزانه

40 Pilot پيلوټ پيلوت

41 Correspondent برنگارخ خبريال

42 Butcher قصاب قصاب

43 Mechanic مستری مستری

44 Wood cuter ماتونکی لرګی چوبشکن

45 Draper پلورونکی رخت بزاز

46 Athlete ورزشکار لوبغاړی، ورزشکار

47 Farmer دهقان دهقان

48 Cutler ساز چاقو جوړونکی چاقو

49 Dairyman فروش لبنيات خرڅونکی لبنيات

50 Costar monger خرڅونکی ترکاری فروش ترکاری

51 Florist گلفروش ، گلساز خرڅونکی ، جوړونکی ګل

52 Fruiter خرڅونکی ميوه فروش ميوه

53 Carpet monger فروش قالين خرڅونکی قالين

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54 Confectioner قناد ، پز شيرنی خرڅونکی يا جوړونکی خوږه

55 Cut purse بر کيسه غوڅونکی جيب

56 Concomitant مجاور ، مالزم مالزم

57 Milkman فروش شير خرڅونکی شيدی

58 Lumberman خرڅونکی لرګی فروش چوب

59 Over seer ناظر ، گرکاري سر مشر مزدورانو د يا ناظر

60 Jeweler زرګر زرگر

61 Juggler باز شعبده ايستونکی تير

62 Seafaring ګرځيدنه سمندری دريانورد

63 News agent فروش روزنامه خرڅونکی اخبار

64 Poulture فروش پرنده پلورونکی پرنده

65 Washer شوی خشکه مينځونکی دوبی،

66 Miner کارګر کان د معدنچی

67 Deminer پاک مين پاک مين

68 Oilman فروش روغنيات خرڅونکی روغنيات

69 Wood man بان گلجن ځنګلبان اوسيدونکی، ځنګلی د

70 Palmist کتونکی فال شناس کف

71 Optician خرڅونکی جوړونکی، عينک فروش ،ساز عينک

72 Ragman فروش کهنه خرڅونکی شيان زاړه

73 Poet شاعر شاعر

74 Watchman دار چوکی ، نگهبان چوکيدار ساتونکی،

75 Teacher ښونکی معلم

76 Shepherd چوپان چوپان

77 Servant غالم غالم

78 Fisher man گير ماهی نيونکی ماهی

79 Book binder ګنډونکی کتاب صحاف

80 Carpet weaver باف قالين اوبدونکی قالين

81 Photographer عکاس عکاس

82 Nurse نرس نرس

83 Tourist سياح سياح

84 Guard ساتونکی محافظ

85 Librarian مسئول کتابتون د کتابدار

86 Painter گمالرن ګمالرن

87 Hobo مزدور مزدورکار

88 Priest کشيش مذهبی مال، کشيش

89 Chaplain مال مال

90 Sailor بان کشتی وان کشتی

91 Gardener باغوان باغبان

92 Musician دان موسيقی سازنده

93 Actor اداکار نر، کونکی اکټ ممثل

94 Actress اداکاره ښځه، کونکی اکټ ممثله

95 Grave digger کيندونکی قبر قبرکن

96 Pah شوی مرده مينځونکی مړی

97 Custodian دار سرای ساتونکی لرونکی، سرای

98 Hatter ساز کاله جوړونکی خولۍ

99 Furrier فروش پوست خرڅونکی پوستکی

100 Gun monger (فروش) ساز سالح (فروش) جوړونکی سالح

101 Weaver اوبدونکی بافنده

102 Dyer رنګمال رنگريز

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103 Preacher ،واعض مبلغ کونکی تبليغ

104 Bone setter بند شکسته بند شکسته ايښودونکی، بند

105 Metal smith فلزکار فلزکار

106 Copper smith گرمس مسګر ، پښ مسو د

107 Gold smith زرګز زرگر

108 Tin smith ساز حلبی ټټار

109 Black smith نگرآه آهنګر

110 Lock smith ساز قفل جوړونکی قفل

111 Gun smith جوړونکی سالح ساز سالح

112 Hay monger فروش کاه خرڅونکی پروړه يا واښه وچ

113 Well digger کن چاه کيندونکی څاه

114 Bigger خيرمار سوالګر، گدا

115 Bath man حمامی حمامی

116 Calligrapher ،خطاط خوشنويس خطاط

117 Decorator ديزاينر ، آرايشگر کونکی آرايش

118 Camel driver ساربان ، سرقافله سرقافله

119 Smuggler بر قاچاق وړونکی قاچاق

120 Potter کاللی کاللی

121 Hunter ښکاری شکارچی

122 Spay جاسوس جاسوس

123 Stone cutter شکن سنگ ماتونکی تيږی

124 Stone mason ساز سنگ جوړونکی تيږو د

125 Sculpture ساز مجسمه جوړونکی مجسمه

01

PLACES & INCHARGES ځایونه او مسؤالن جایها و مسؤالن

Presidential palace جمهوری رياست قصر ماڼۍ رياست جمهوری د

02 Prime ministry عظمی صدارت عظمی صدارت

03 Ministry وزارت وزارت

04 Municipality ښاروالی شاروالی

05 Province واليت واليت

06 Embassy سفارت سفارت

07 Presidency رياست رياست

08 Principality مديريت مديريت

09 Jail جيل محبس، زندان

10 Dormitory ليليه ليليه

11 School مکتب مکتب

12 Auditorium تاالر تاالر

13 High school عالی ليسه مکتب مکتب ليسی عالی د

14 Primary school ابتدائيه مکتب مکتب ابتدائيه

15 Kindergarten وړکتون کودکستان

16 Nest گاپرورش پالنځۍ

17 President جمهور رئيس رئيس جمهور

18 Minister وزير وزير

19 Care taker سرپرست سرپرست

20 Governor والی والی

21 Vice president جمهور رئيس معاون مرستيال رئيس جمهور د

22 Deputy prime minister اعظم صدر معاون مرستيال صدراعظم د

23 Ex-president اسبق جمهور رئيس رئيس جمهور پخوانی

24 Monarch پاچا پادشاه

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25 Chief رئيس رئيس

26 Boss آمر آمر

27 Mayer ښاروال شاروال

28 Senator سنا مجلس وکيل سناتور وکيل، مجلس سنا د

29 Principal مدير مدير

30 Ambassador سفير سفير

31 Ambassadress سفيره سفيره

32 Duty minister ،وزير معان معين وزير مرستيال مرستيال،

33 Employee مامور مامور

34 Employer ګمارونکی کارفرما

35 Head master ښونکی سر سرمعلم

01

Ranks رتبی رتبه ها

3rd corporal ساتنمن دريم ساتنمن دريم

02 2nd corporal ساتنمن دوهم ساتنمن دوهم

03 1st corporal ساتنمن لمړی ساتنمن لمړی

04 3rd lieutenant څارن دريم څارن دريم

05 2ndlieutenant څارن دوهم څارن دوهم

06 1stlieutenant څارن لمړی څارن لمړی

07 Captain تورن ، څارمن تورن ، څارمن

08 Senior captain جکتورن ، څارمن سر جکتورن ، څارمن سر

09 Major جګړن ، سمونيار جګړن ، سمونيار

10 Lieutenant colonel ډګرمن ، سمونمل ډګرمن ، سمونمل

11 Colonel ډګروال ، سمونوال ډګروال ، سمونوال

12 Brigadier general جنرال بريد ، پاسوال مل جنرال بريد ، پاسوال مل

13 Major general جنرال تورن ، پاسوال جنرال تورن ، پاسوال

14 Lieutenant general ډګرجنرال ، پاسوال لوی ډګرجنرال ، پاسوال لوی

15 General سترجنرال ، پاسوال ستر سترجنرال ، پاسوال ستر

16 Marshal مارشال مارشال

01

MINISTRIES وزارتونه وزارت ها

Ministry of higher education

عالی تحصيالت وزارت وزارت تحصيالتو عالی د

02 Ministry of education معارف وزارت وزارت معارف د

03 Ministry of foreign affairs امورخارجه وزارت وزارت خارجه

04 M of information & culture

کلتور و اطالعات وزارت وزارت فرهنګ او اطالعاتو د

05 M of telecommunication مخابرات وزارت وزارت مخابراتو

06 Ministry of transportation ترانسپورت وزارت وزارت ترانسپورت د

07 Ministry of water & power

برق و آب وزارت وزارت برښنا او اوبو د

08 Ministry of woman affairs زنان امور وزارت وزارت چارو ښځو د

09 Ministry of planning پالن وزارت وزارت پالن د

10 Ministry of rehabilitation بازسازی وزارت وزارت بياجوړونکی د

11 Ministry of civil aviation ملکی هوانوردی وزارت وزارت هوانوردی ملکی د

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12 Ministry of industries صنايع و معادن وزارت وزارت صنايع او کانونو د

13 M of agriculture & live stock

مالداری و زراعت وزارت وزارت مالداری او کرهڼی د

14 Ministry of public health عامه صحت وزارت وزارت عامه صحت د

15 Ministry of finance ماليه وزارت وزارت ماليی د

16 Ministry of reconstruction بازسازی وزارت وزارت بياجوړونکی د

17 Ministry of defense دفا وزارت دفا وزارت

18 Ministry of interior affairs داخله امور وزارت وزارت چارو کورنيو د

19 Ministry of commerce تجارت وزارت وزارت تجارت د

20 M of Islamic affairs religious trusts

اوقاف و حج امور وزارت وزارت اوقافو حج د

21 M of martyrs and disables معلولين و شهدا وزارت وزارت معلولينو او شهيدانو د

22 Mininsty of refugees وزارت کډوالو د مهاجرين وزارت

23 Ministry of public work عامه فوائد وزارت وزارت عامی فوائد د

24 Ministry of frothier affairs وقبايل سرحدات امور وزارت وزارت قبايلو او سرحداتو د

25 Ministry of economy وزارت اقتصاد د اقتصاد وزارت

01

SICKNESSES ناروغی مریضی

Cold امکز ريزش

02 Head ache درد سر د سردرد

03 Eye ache درد چشم درد سترګو د

04 Leg ache درد پاه درد پښو د

05 Body ache درد جان درد ځان د

06 Stomach ache درد معده درد معدی د

07 Red eye چشم سرخی سوروالی سترګو د

08 Reduced – sight بينی کم ليدل ضعيفه

09 Ear ache درد گوش درد غوږ د

10 Epistaxis دماغ خون بينی، خود بهيدل وينه نه پزی له دماغ، خون

11 Tonsillitis گلو تانسل پړسوب ستونی د

12 Wax گوش چرک چرګ غوږ د

13 Deafness والی کوڼ کری

14 Bronchitis برانشيت برانشيت

15 Pneumonia وبغل سينه بغل سينه پړسوب، سږو د

16 Asthma تنگی نفس تنګی نفس

17 Ulcer معده زخم ناسور زخم، معدی د

18 Gastritis معده التهاب پړسيدل معدی د

19 Hepatitis گرج التهاب ، زردی پړسيدل ځګر د ، زردی

20 Worms چينجی معده کرم

21 Dysentery خون پيچش پيچ

22 Typhoid مورقه مورقه

23 Hemorrhoids بواسير بواسير

24 Hernia ُچره ، فدق چوره

25 Cholecytitis صفرا کيسه التهاب پړسيدل کڅوړی صفرا د

26 Colelithiasis صفرا کيسه سنگ تيګه کڅوړی صفرا د

27 Cholera کولرا کولرا

28 Urinary infector سوزاک سوزاک

29 Orchitis خصيه التهاب پړسيدل خوټو د

30 Sterility سستی ، عقامت سستی کمزوری،

31 Pregnancy گیحامل بالربتوب

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32 Delivery, born زيږونه والدت

33 Hypertension خون فشار فشار وينی د

34 Malnutrition تغذی ؤس تغذيه نيمګړی تغذيه، ړهناو

35 Rickets شکن استخوان ده ناروغی قسم يو هډوکو د

36 Scurvy سی ويتامين کمبود کموالی سی ويټامين د

37 Measles ده ناروغی دانو د يوقسم ، شری سرخکان

38 Whooping cough سرفه سيا ټوخۍ تور يا شنه

39 Mumps چرک کله ناروغی غومبوزی ټنډ

40 Tetanus تيتانوس تيتانوس

41 Polio اطفال فلج فلج کوچنيانو د

42 Abortion جنين سقط زيږيدنه وخته بی

43 Dysmerrhea حيض حيض

44 Gynecological diseases نسايی امراض ناروغی نسائی

45 Goiter جاغور جاغور

46 Rheumatism روماتيزم روماتيزم

47 Lumbago دردی کمر درد مال د

48 Neuritis عصاب التهاب التهاب اعصابو د

49 Epilepsy گیمر مرګي

50 Psychosis روانی امراض ناروغی روانی

51 Depression گیافسرد ناروغی روانی

52 Impetigo دانه مردار دانه مردار

53 Diabetes ناروغی شکر د شکر

Militry Abrevations

01

Abrebations Complete Words Meanings

ANA Afghan National Army اردو ملي افغانستان د

02 ANP Afghan National Police پوليس ملي افغانستان د

03 ALP Afghan Local Police پوليس محلي افغانستان د

04 ABP Afghan Border Police پوليس سرحدي افغانستان د

05 ASF Afghan Special Forces (خاص قطعه) ځواکونه ځانګړي افغانستان د

06 MP Militry Police پوليس نظامي

07 AAF Afghan Air Forces ځواکونه هوايي افغانستان د

08 NDS National Department of Intelligence ( استخبارات) اداره امنيت ملي د

09 DCOP District Commander of Police قومندان امنيه ولسوالۍ د

10 PCOP Provincial Commander of Police قومندان امنيه واليت د

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The End!

Izharulhaq Kamran | AREP& OSCEW | Provincial Coordinator Email: [email protected] – [email protected]

Phone: +93 781684958 Website: www.arep.org.af Skype: kamran201281



http://www.arep.org.af/