ENGLISH DHABA

Pronoun ka Funda- let’s do it

- Rahul Kunwar

R a h u l S i r k a E n g l i s h D h a b a .

Page 1

Universal Rule

-ALWAYS check your Grammar book Topic to be covered

1. Personal Pronoun – Meaning & Definition

a. 1st , 2nd & 3rd person

b. Forms of pronoun

2. Cases

a. Nominative

b. Possessive

c. Accusative

d. Funda Set-1

e. Practice Set-1

3. Reflexive

4. Demonstrative

a. Funda Set-2

5. Indefinite

a. Funda set -3

6. Distributive

a. Funda Set-4

b. Practice Set-2

7. Relative Pronouns

a. Forms of Relative Pronouns

b. Funda Set- 5A

i. Who

ii. Which

iii. What

c. Funda set- 5B

i. That

d. Omission

e. Agreement

f. Position

g. Compound

8. MOCK Tests

Eureka!

The journey to achieve success has begun.

The woods are lovely, dark & deep,

But I have promises to keep,

And miles to go before I sleep,

And Miles to go before I sleep.

-R0bert Frost

Class No. 4

Time- 9 AM- 11:30 AM

Date- 8/Sep/13

Class No.5

Time – 1 hr

Date- 11/Sep/13

Class No.6

Time- 2 to 3 hour

Date 15/sep/13

ENGLISH DHABA

Pronoun ka Funda- let’s do it

- Rahul Kunwar

R a h u l S i r k a E n g l i s h D h a b a .

Page 2

1. A Pronoun is a word used instead of Noun. Personal Pronoun- I, we , you, he/she/it, they

As they stand for three persons

1st – I & we – the person speaking

2nd – you – the person spoken to

Is used in both sense singular & plural

-it always agree with plural verb

3rd - he/she/it & they- the person spoken of

* The personal pronouns of third person are strictly speaking- Demonstrative Pronoun

2. Forms of Personal Pronoun

Possessive Cases of most the Personal Pronouns have two forms.

My , our, your, her, their, are called Possessive Adjectives Case.

o This is my book.

o Those are your book.

o That is her book,

His can be used as both possessive Adjective Case & Possessive Pronoun

o This is his book.

o This book is his.

Pronoun of 3rdperson has three gender

3. Cases

Nominative

Possessive

Accusative

4. Funda Set 1

I. It

a. For non leaving things

b. For animal & young child, when gender is not clear

c. To refer to some statement going before

He is telling what is true; as he knows it.

d. As a provisional & temporary subject before the verb ‘to be’ when the real

subject follows

e. To give emphasis (stress / important ) to the noun or pronoun

f. * as an indefinite nominative of impersonal verb

it rains. It snows. It thunder

ENGLISH DHABA

Pronoun ka Funda- let’s do it

- Rahul Kunwar

R a h u l S i r k a E n g l i s h D h a b a .

Page 3

g. Speaking of weather or time

It is fine.

It is winter.

It is ten o’ clock.

II. Personal pronoun must be of the same number, gender & person as the noun for

which it stands

III. When pronoun stand for a collective noun, it must be in the Singular Number &

Neuter gender, * it the collective noun is viewed as a whole.

IV. If the collective noun conveys the idea of separate individuals comprising the whole,

the pronoun standing for it must be of plural number

V. When two or more Singular Nouns are joined by and, the pronoun used for them

must be plural.

* But when two or more Singular noun are joined by and refer to the same person

or thing, the pronoun must be singular.

VI. When two or more SN are joined by

or,

either…. Or,

neither … nor, pronoun is generally Singular

VII. When a PN & SN are joined by:-

or,

nor, pronoun must be Plural.

VIII. When pronoun refers to more than one noun or pronoun of different persons, it

must be of the first person plural in preference to 3rd .

You & I have done our duty.

IX. lj‘You & I’ not ‘ I & you’

‘you & he’ not ‘he & you’

‘Hari & I’ not ‘I and Hari’

X. When the pronoun is connected by a conjunction ( and, or) with some other word

in the accusative case use – me, him/her us, them

Study parents are for you & me (Not, I)

XI. Use Accusative form after preposition ‘but’

Nobody will help you but me.

ENGLISH DHABA

Pronoun ka Funda- let’s do it

- Rahul Kunwar

R a h u l S i r k a E n g l i s h D h a b a .

Page 4

Practice Set 1

Every Correct Answer +1 & negative mark -1 for wrong answer

Time 20 mint

Write correct form of pronoun

I. We scored as many as _________. (they/them)

II. Rama &__________ were present. ( I /me)

III. Can you sing as well as__________ ? (they/them)

IV. Let you and _________ try what we can do. ( I / me )

V. Wait for Hari & _______( I/ me )

VI. ________was I who first protested. (this / that/ I )

VII. The jury were divided in __________opinions. ( its/their)

VIII. The Secretary & Treasurer is negligent of ________ duty. (his / her/ their/its/it)

Rectify the error of Pronoun

I. The army had to suffer terrible privation on their march.

__________________________________________________________

II. The fleet will reach their destination in a week.

__________________________________________________________

III. The crew mutinied & murdered his officer.

__________________________________________________________

IV. After a few wee minutes the jury gave their verdict.

__________________________________________________________

V. Every soldier & every sailor was in their place.

__________________________________________________________

VI. One must finish his task in time.

__________________________________________________________

VII. Either the engineer or his mechanics failed in his duty.

__________________________________________________________

ENGLISH DHABA

Pronoun ka Funda- let’s do it

- Rahul Kunwar

R a h u l S i r k a E n g l i s h D h a b a .

Page 5

Reflexive Pronoun

It is used as the OBJECT of a verb.

It refers to the same person or thing (says noun) as that denoted by the SUBJECT of the

verb.

Ex-

I hurt myself. We hurt ourselves

You will hurt yourself. You will hurt yourselves.

The dog hurt itself. They hurt themselves.

This rule can contradict in poetry.

Now I lay me down to sleep.

Sometimes self used as noun

o He thinks much of self.

o He cares for nothing but self.

Emphatic Pronouns

When reflexive pronoun are used for sake of emphasis (importance)

o I will do it myself.

o We will see to it ourselves.

o You yourself can best explain.

o He himself says so.

o The class itself is not very large.

My,

your,

him,

her, it

-self

Our,

your,

them

-selves Reflexive

Pronoun

ENGLISH DHABA

Pronoun ka Funda- let’s do it

- Rahul Kunwar

R a h u l S i r k a E n g l i s h D h a b a .

Page 6

Demonstrative Pronoun

The Pronouns which are used to point out the object to which they refer are called

Demonstrative Pronouns

This is a box.

That is a box.

These are merely excuses.

I may have offended, but such was not my intention

My views are quite in accordance with those of the geeks.

This, that, etc. are also Adjectives when they are used with nouns- Demonstrative Adjective

This book is mine.

That book is yours.

These books are mine.

Those books are yours.

What was that noise?

All such people ought to be avoided.

This for close

That for far

That/those is used to avoid the repetition of preceding Noun.

The climate of Ranchi is like that of Jamshedpur.

The streets of this city are worse than those of Kandra-Gamharia.

The rivers of America are larger than those of Europe.

Our soldiers were better drilled than those of enemies.

When two things which have been already mentioned are referred to ,

This referred to thing mentioned last.

That referred to thing mentioned first.

Alcohol & Tobacco are both injurious; this perhaps less than that.

This is a

That is a

ENGLISH DHABA

Pronoun ka Funda- let’s do it

- Rahul Kunwar

R a h u l S i r k a E n g l i s h D h a b a .

Page 7

Indefinite Pronouns

Pronouns which refers to things or person in general way,

BUT do not refer to any person or thing in particular.

o One hardly knows what to do.

o One cannot be careful of one’s good name.

o None of his poems are well known.

o Some are born great.

o Somebody has stolen my watch.

o Few escaped unhurt.

o Many of them were Dhotis.

o His words are in everyone’s mouth.

Most of these are used as Adjectives

o Any fool can do that.

o Some milk was spilt.

In referring to anybody, everybody, everyone, anyone, each., the gender pronoun he or she is

used to context:

o I shall be glad to help everyone of my boys in his studies.

Note – pronoun are more used today except in formal English.

o Anybody can do it if they try.

Distributive Pronouns

They are always singular & as followed by the verb in singular.

Each,

either,

neither

o Each of the boys gets a prize.

o Each took it in turn.

o Either of these roads leads to the railways station.

o Neither of the accusation is true.

ENGLISH DHABA

Pronoun ka Funda- let’s do it

- Rahul Kunwar

R a h u l S i r k a E n g l i s h D h a b a .

Page 8

Can be used as Adjective.

o Each boy took his turn. Neither accusation is true.

Each is used to denote

every one of a number

of persons or things

taken singly.

Either means

the one or

other of two.

Neither means not

the one nor the

other of two. It is the

negative of either.

ENGLISH DHABA

Pronoun ka Funda- let’s do it

- Rahul Kunwar

R a h u l S i r k a E n g l i s h D h a b a .

Page 9

Practice test – 2

Tell which Pronouns in the following sentences are Reflexive & which are Emphatic.

1. And sometimes I do hate myself.

2. I was sitting by myself.

3. Pray do not inconvenience yourself.

4. I cannot bring myself to it.

5. Sinai itself trembled at the presence of God.

6. Whosoever shall exalt himself shall be abased.

7. Quit yourself like man.

8. Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself.

9. He has landed himself in difficulties.

10. Xerxes himself was the last to cross the Hellespont.

11. Some people are always talking about themselves.

12. I will go myself.

13. Rama has hurt himself.

14. I myself heard the remark.

15. Boadicea poisoned herself.