LAMIIDS  

1.Garryales Gesneriaceae

Eucommiaceae Lamiaceae

Garryaceae Lentibulariaceae

Unplaced Taxa Linderniaceae

Icacinaceae Martyniaceae

Metteniusaceae Oleaceae

Oncothecaceae Orobanchaceae

Vahliaceae Paulowniaceae

2.Boraginales Pedaliaceae

Boraginaceae Phyrmaceae

Ehretiaceae Plantaginaceae

Hoplestigmataceae Plocospermataceae

Hydrophyllaceae Schlegiaceae

3.Gentianales Scrophulariaceae

Apocynaceae Stilbaceae

Gelsemiaceae Tetrachondraceae

Gentianaceae Tomandersiaceae

Loganiaceae Verbenaceae

Rubiaceae 5. Solanales

4. Lamiales Convolvulaceae

Acanthaceae Hydroleaceae

Bignoniaceae Montiniaceae

Byblidaceae Solanceae

Calceolariaceae Sphenocleaceae

Carlemanniaceae  

Eusaterids I

-Also called Lamiids which are monophyletic group of five orders;

• Garryales

• Boraginales

• Gentianales

• Lamiales

• Solanales

Order Garryales (2 families) Family Garryaceae (Silk-Tassel)• Western North America and CA• local medicinal uses and occasional cultivation as an

ornamental. • Dioecious trees and Shrubs• Leaves are simple, opposite decussate and exstipulate• Inflorescence is axillary, pendant, thyrsoid catkin with

bract

Diagnostic Features: Pendant Catkin, flowers of 4-merous with uniseriate perianth

and gynoecioum 2-3 carpellate, unilocular ovary, dry berry

Aucuba japonica Garrya elliptica

Garrya fremontii Eucommia ulmoides

Euasterids I

Order Boraginales (4 Families)Family Boraginaceae (Borage)Worldwide distribution • 142-148 genera & 2450-2740 species. • Medicinal/herbal supplements , dyes, and ornamentals • Leaves are simple, spiral, opposite, exstipulate.• Flowers are bisexual• Endospermous seeds

Diagnostic features: • Hirsute or hispid vestiture, a scorpioid cyme,

Actinomorphic, Sympetalous, fruits are drupe, capsule schizocarp

Heliotropium ellipticum

Lithospermum ruderale Echium wildpretii

Anchusa officinalis

Cynoglossum grande

Heliotropium amplexicaule

Source: http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/boragin.htm

Euasterids I

Order Gentianales (5 families)Family Apocynaceae (Dogbane/Milkweed)• Worldwide Distribution, tropical• 380-415 genera/ 4555-4700 species• Ornamentals, medicinal, timber, fiber, dye, rubber, poison• Inflorescence Cyme, raceme, or of solitary flowers

Diagnostic features: • Lianas, shrubs, trees or herbs, milky latex, Leaves

opposite or whorled, entire or vestigial flowers regular, sympetalous, bisexual

• Fragrant with 5-merous perianth (Convolute) and androecium gynostegium, anthers fused, stigmas connate

• Fruit follicles or schizocarp, seeds with silky hair

Plumiera acutifolia

Allamanda cathartica

Asclepias tuberosa

Hoya luzonica

Asclepias tuberosa

Source: http://www.missouriplants.com/Redalt/Asclepias_tuberosa_page.html

Order Gentianales (5 families)Family Gentianaceae (Gentian)• Worldwide distribution • 85-87 genera/1600-1675 species• Ornamentals, timber• Stems are pachycaulus, achlorophyllous, mycotrophic

Diagnostic features:

4-5 merous perianth/androecium

Nectary pits on corolla lobes and disc on glands at ovary base, superior, carpellate parietal placentation

Septicidal capsule or berry

Gentiana linearis Gentiana lutea

Chironia linoidesGentiana cruciata

Order Gentianales (5 families)Family Rubiaceae (Madder or Coffee)• Worldwide distribution, tropical• 563-611 genera/10,900-13150 species• Source of quinine, coffee, yohimbine, timber, dye, ornamental

Diagnostic features:• Trees , shrubs, lianas, or herbs• Leaves opposite (Decussate) or whorled, simple usually

entire. Connate stipules with mucilage-secreting colleters• Cyme, rarely of solitary flowers• Inferior ovary• Apical nectary disc• Capsule, berry or drupe or schizocarp

Gomphocarpus physocarpus Coffea arabica

Mussaenda philippica Morinda citrifolia Euasterids I

Order Lamiales (21-23 families)• Family Acanthaceae (Acanthus)• Distributed from tropics to temperate regions• 212-229 genera/3175-4000 species• Ornamentals• Drought-resistant terrestrial or aquatic herbs shrubs or

rarely trees

Distinct features:• Leaves opposite decussate with cyctoliths• Flowers bisexual, zygomorphic, bracteate or bracteoles,

2-lipped• Inflorescence cyme, raceme, or solitary flowers fruit a

capsule with seeds borne on small hook-like outgrowth (funicular retinacula)

Pachystachys lutea Megaskepasma erythrochlamys

Ruellia tuberosa Barleria obtusa

Order Lamiales (21-23 families• Family Bignoniaceae (Bignonia)• Distributed in Tropical and some in temperate• 82-110/ 800 species• Timber and ornamental cultivars

Diagnostic features:• Trees, shrubs, or vines with opposite leaves, pinnate or

ternate• Cyme, raceme or solitary flowers• Zygomorphic often bilabiate• Superior ovary, 2-carpellate with axile or parietal

placentation• Fruit capsule with flat-winged exalbuminous seeds

Tecoma stans Spathodea campanulata

Campsis radicans Jacaranda mimosaefolia

Order Lamiales (21-23 families)• Family Lamiaceae (Mint or Cablin)• Distributed worldwide• 236-238 genera/6500-7170 species• Medicinal plants, culinary herbs, fragrance, ornamentals

Distinct features: • Shrubby or herbaceous plants with square-shaped

stems• Leaves simple, opposite and decussate• With hairs and glands with aromatic fragrance and

ethereal oils• Flowers bisexual, irregular (bilabiate) gynobasic style

Lavandula stoechas Leonurus cardiaca

Ocimum sanctumMentha spicata

Order Lamiales (21-23 families)• Family Oleaceae (Olive)• Distributed worldwide• 24 genera/ 615-800 species• Timbers, oils, scent/perfume/ ornamentals

Diagnostic feature: • Deciduous evergreen shrubs or climbers• Indumentum-scale like peltate hair• Leaves trifoliate or pinnate opposute • Superior ovary with 2 fused carpels, anatropous ovules• Flowers bisexual usually in 4s• Dichasial cyme

Jasminum officinale Jasminum polyanthum

Jasminum sambac

Source: http://www.gardening.eu/plants/Climber-plants/Jasminum-sambac/3424/

Order Lamiales (21-23 families)• Family Plantaginaceae (Plantain/speedwell)• Distributed worldwide • 101 genera/1700-1900 species• Included Callitrichaceae, Globulariaceae,

Plantaginaceae

Distinct features: • Herbs, rarely shrubs• Leaves spiral tow whorled, flowers bisexual or unisexual

with 3-5 connate sepals and petals• Superior to inferior ovary• Inflorescence head, raceme, thyrse, or solitary flowers• 1-2 carpellate• Capsule, achene, berry, schizocarp of nutlets

Angelonia gardneri Hebe vernicosa

Penstemon whippleanus Penstemon secundiflorus

Order Lamiales (21-23 families)• Family Scrophulariaceae (Figwort)• Distributed worldwide• 54-65 genera/1700-1800 species• Local medicinal plants, timber, ornamentals

• Diagnostic features: • Tress, shrubs, or herbs with opposite or spiral leaves

and usually zygomorphic flowers • Superior ovary, 2 carpellate, axile placentation • Inflorescence a speke, raceme, thyrse• Fruit a capsule, berry or drupe

Galvezia ballii

Collinsia parviflora

Source: http://wildflowerswest.org/wildflowers_blue_purple_page_7.htm?thumb1093

Order Lamiales (21-23 families• Family Verbenaceae (Verbena or Molave)• Distributed in tropical regions (esp. South America)• 34-35 genera/ 1150-1175 species• Timbers, flavoring, medicinal, oils, beverages, ornamentals

Diagnostic features: • Aromatic trees, shrubs, lianas or herbs• Leaves opposite, entire or divided• Flowers irregular, bisexual, racemose or cymose• Corolla tubular with 4 lobes and stamens• Superior ovary and with locule with false septa• Fruit is a schizocarp or drupe

Lantana camara Clerodendrum thomsoniae

Vitex negundoPetrea volubilis

Euasterids I

Order Solanales (5 Families)• Family Convolvulaceae (Morning Glory/Bindweed)• Distributed worldwide• 52-57 genera/ 1625-1650 species• Ornamentals and food (staples)

Diagnostic Features: • Long trailing, twining stems (Dextrorse-twining)• Leaves alternate and spiral, simple • Flowers actinomorphic and sympetalous, bisexual with

an involucre of bracts; • Corolla involute aestivation and often infundibular• Fruit dehiscent capsule

Ipomoea alba Ipomoea purpurea

Turbina corymbosa Ipomoea batatas

http://www.botany.wisc.edu/garden/UW-Botanical_Garden/Ipomoea_p.html

Order Solanales (5 Families)• Family Solanaceae (Nightshade)• Cosmopolitan Distribution many in Australia; Central and

South America• 91-102 genera/ 2450-2460 species• Food, fumatory, medicinal, spices, ornamentals

Diagnostic features:• Herbs, shrubs trees or lianas with internal phloem, spiral

leaves• Flowers actinomorphic, 5-merous perianth (Plicate, often

rotate) and androecium bicarpellate, syncarpous gynoecium numerous ovules per carpel

• Fruit capsule, drupe or berry

Petunia sp. Capsicum annum

Nicotiana tabacum Solanum tuberosum Euasterids I