“Extensive Characterization of Bamboo with Different Binders as Alternative

Materials for Concrete Products”:

A Thesis Proposal

Paul N. Jacob* and Prof.Maria Natalia R. Dimaano, Ph.D.The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas

*M.Sc. In Management Engineering candidate

I. Introduction Problem Rationale Objective of the Study Significance of the Study Research Paradigm

II. Materials and Methods Schematic Workflow Sample preparation and component combinations Property Determination Design of Bamboo Reinforced Concrete Beam

III. Results and Discussion Material Characterization

Chemical Property Analysis Mechanical Properties

Bamboo Tensile Test Bamboo Pullout Test Compression Test

Bamboo Reinforced Concrete Beam Product Flexural Test

IV. Conclusion and Recommendation

Source:http://www.census.gov.ph/search/node/cement?page=1

Part I

1.) Explore the possibilities of using different alternative materials to produce a more

economical concrete product.

2.) Achieve a concrete strength of 2500psi – 3000psi similar to Class A mixture.

Part I

ClassProportioning

(Cement:Sand:Gravel)

Probable compressive strength in psi

(pounds per sq.inch)Application / purpose

AA 1 : 1 ⅟2 : 3 3,500 - 4,000 psi

Water tanks, shells & folded plates, for other water retaining structuresHigh structural strength grade concrete for reinforced walls, slender reinforced columns, fence columns, heavy duty floors

A 1 : 2 : 4 2,500 - 3,000 psiCommonly used for reinforced concrete works like beam, columns, slabs, reinforced roads, walls

B 1 : 2 ⅟2 : 5 1,500 - 2,000 psiFoundations, walls, normal static loads, exposedFootings for domestic buildings and walls

C 1 : 3 : 6 500 - 1,000 psiPiers, abutments, concrete walls, floors, normal static load, no rebar, not exposed

D 1 : 3 ⅟2 : 7 less 500 psi Normal static loads, no rebars, not exposed

source:Fig. 5-6 table of Concrete proportion, page DD500-125 structural design code data handbook

Part I

I. Maximize the usage of agricultural by-products : Rice Husks, Saw dust

II. Cost Saving impact.

III. Encourage future researchers.

Part I

- Execute testing to simulate the external loading using 3 types of mixtures to achieve comparative results in terms strength, applicability and economic value.

The experiment excludes: a. The testing of exposing the alternative concrete

products to different weather conditions like rain and extreme heat.

b. The loading test such as cyclic loads, wind load and lateral loads.

Part I

Part I

Part II

BambooCarbonized Rice Husk (CRH) Saw Dust Ash (SDA)

Polypropylene String (PPS)

Part II

3 Types of Design Mixtures Used: 

(CRH + OPC ) + Bamboo + Sand + Gravel

(SDA + OPC ) + Bamboo + Sand + Gravel

(PPS + OPC) + Bamboo + Sand + Gravel

ControlClass A mixture (1:2:4)By Weight

Test Mix Cement Sand Gravel Water

Water-Cement Ratio

Plain Conc. 10 Kls 20 kls 40 Kls 7.75 Kls 0.775

Carbonized Rice Husk Class A mixture (1:2:4)By Weight

Test Mix RHA Cement Sand Gravel Water

Water-Cement Ratio

30% CRH 3 kls 7 kls 20 kls 40 Kls 6.75 kls 0.964320% CRH 2 kls 8 kls 20 kls 40 Kls 8 kls 110% CRH 1 kl 9 Kls 20 kls 40 Kls 6 Kls 0.6667

Saw Dust AshClass A mixture (1:2:4)By Weight

Test Mix SDA Cement Sand Gravel Water

Water-Cement Ratio

30% SDA 3 kls 7 Kls 20 kls 40 Kls 9.4 kls 1.342920% SDA 2 kls 8 kls 20 kls 40 Kls 8 kls 110% SDA 1 kl. 9 Kls 20 kls 40 Kls 6 Kls 0.6667

PPSClass A mixture (1:2:4)By Weight

Test Mix PPS Cement Sand Gravel Water

Water-Cement Ratio

5% PPS .5 Kls 10 Kls 20 kls 40 Kls 10 13% PPS .3 Kls 10 Kls 20 kls 40 Kls 8 0.81% PPS .1 Kls 10 Kls 20 kls 40 Kls 7 0.7

Part II

CRH

SDA

PPS

• Tensile Test •Compression Test • Pullout Test

• Chemical Analysis

Part II

Cross sectional and elevation view showing the height, width and length of the Bamboo reinforced concrete beam.

3-point Bending Scenario (ASTM C78)

Part II

Bamboo Pullout test

Test SpecimenMaximum

tensile stress(lbs.)

Mean(lbs.)

Sample 1 5166.65487.2Sample 2 4407.8

Sample 3 6887.2

RHA SDA

Silica (SiO2), % 95.2 65.2Chemical Analysis Test Result

Part III

Bamboo Tensile Test

Test Specimen

Breaking Load in Tension

(lbs.)

Mean(lbs.)

Sample 1 with node 2535.843417

Sample 2 with node 4298.35

Sample 1 w/o node 10030.9813856

Sample 2 w/o node 17681.22

Part III

SpecimenWidth (in.)

Depth (in.)

Span Length

(in.)

Maximum Flexural

Load (lbs)

Modulus of Rupture

(psi)

Control+Bamboo 6 6 17.75 5575 458

10% CRH+Bamboo 6 6 17.75 5328 438

10% SDA+Bamboo 6 6 17.75 4294 753

1% PPS+Bamboo 6 6 17.75 9959 818

Part IV

Objective Conclusion

Explore the possibilities of using alternative Materials for concrete products

Compressive Strength:

Saw Dust Ash & Carbonized Rice Husk substituting in 30 %, 20% & 10% of Ordinary Portland Cement yield a lower compressive strength than a standard Class A mixture which contain 100% of Ordinary Portland Cement. Both substitutes fall into a Class C mixture wherein the compressive strength is 500psi-1000psi.

Polypropylene Plastic String substituting in 5%, 3% & 1% of Ordinary Portland Cement yield a lower compressive strength than a standard Class A mixture which contain 100% of Ordinary Portland Cement. This substitutes falls into a Class C mixture wherein the compressive strength is 500psi-1000psi.

Pullout Resistance:Bamboo as a reinforcement failed to resist frictional forces . It created slippage when subjected to loading.

Part IV

Applicability

A 10% CRH and 10% SDA mixture can be used to structures such as concrete walls, slab-on-grade, aesthetic concrete structures, and to structures that do not require reinforcement.

A Bamboo reinforcement combined with a 10% substitution of OPC with either CRH or SDA mixed in concrete, can be used to a non-load bearing structures only such as concrete walls, slab-on-grade, aesthetic concrete structures.

Economic Value

A 30% replacement of cement with either CRH or SDA will equate to a 30% saving on cost of cement per bag.

Bamboo can replace steel bar as a reinforcement. However, its usage is limited to non-load bearing structures only.

1. Execute additional field and laboratory tests to assess the effectiveness of these alternative materials in combination with Ordinary Portland cement.

2. Explore other methods to test the resistance of Bamboo against frictional forces in order to maximize its tensile property.

Part IV

“Extensive Characterization of Bamboo with Different Binders as Alternative Materials for Concrete

Products”:

A Thesis Proposal