Upload
jo-balucanag-bitonio
View
5.803
Download
2
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
PA 103
Citation preview
By: Laurefel P. GabalesPA 103
Prof. Jo B. Bitonio
Factors that Promote or Deter Popular
Participation in Development: The
Philippine Experience
Factors that Promote or Deter Popular Participation in Development
IntroductionObjectivesMethodology Popular Participation as Defined in Philippine
ResearchesThe Philippines: A brief backgrounder
Factors that Promote or Deter Popular Participation in Development
Policies and Mechanisms for popular Participation
Factors that Promote/Impede Popular Participation
Recommendation: The Search for the Filipino Participatory Ethic
Introduction
Quest for elusive “development”Economic growth no longer the sole concern
in developmentFive Core Concepts of DevelopmentMan as end of developmentDelineation of man
Introduction
Collective personality of manParticipation Self-reliance
Objectives
Seeks to answer the following questionWhat has been the country’s experience in
promoting popular participation in the government’s development programs?
What factors may be identified as facilitating or obstructing popular participation in development?
ObjectivesWhat recommendations may be
forwarded to stress those that facilitate and minimize those that impede popular participation?
Objectives
The study has four sectionsA brief description of the socioeconomic and
political and historical makeupSelected government programs and
innovations
Objectives
Factors that promote and deter participation
Recommendations for policy and institutional changes
Methodology
The academe has drawn attention to the subjects
The government has also caused the evaluation of existing participatory mechanisms
Researches have been conducted on popular participation
Popular Participation as Defined in Philippine Researches
Mass sharing of the benefit of developmentMass contribution to developmentMass involvement in the decision making
process for development
Popular Participation as Defined in Philippine Researches
A process in which the people are directly and actively involve in the planning and implementation of rural development programs and projects
Defining the situation requiring a decisionChoosing the preferred alternatives
Popular Participation as Defined in Philippine Researches
Determining how best tom implement the decision once it is made
Evaluating the consequences of the action taken
Popular Participation as Defined in Philippine Researches
The differentiation of the decision making into planning, implementation and evaluation process
Conceptualizing the problemsDeciding what is to be doneImplementing the plans and programsEvaluating the results
Popular Participation as Defined in Philippine Researches
Passive citizenInvolved only as recipient of the serviceCompletely dependent from external fundingDeprived when personnel for participationActive citizen
Popular Participation as Defined in Philippine Researches
Involved in the planning, implementation and evaluation of the program
Program is self supporting in fundingPersonnel fielded from communityMidpoint situationInvolved either in implementation only or
in planning and implementation
Popular Participation as Defined in Philippine Researches
Dependent on some combination of internal and external funding
Manpower fielded jointly by outside agency and local community
The Philippines: A Brief Backgrounder
Self-sustaining unit called barangaysSpanish centralized bureaucracyAmericans promised independenceJapanese occupationDeclared independent by AmericansMartial Law was imposed on 21 Sept 1972May 1982 election of barangay officials
Policies and Mechanisms for popular Participants
BarangaysAdvent of “paticipatory democracy”A Barangay chairman and six councilorsAdministrative channels of government as part
of the delivery of services to the peopleViewed as a possible Filipino alternative to the
western model – Filipino collectivism
Policies and Mechanisms for popular Participants
NEDA and the Development CouncilCreated from the Integrated Reorganization Plan
which adopted from PD No. 1Tasked with formulating definite and consistent
long-range and annual economic and social development plans and programs
Policies and Mechanisms for popular Participants
Assist planning at the regional levelsA development council is a structure
responsible for coordinating the efforts of agencies and instrumentalities of gov’t
Councils are organized at the regional, city/municipality and barangay levels
Strongly counterbalanced the RDC’s
Policies and Mechanisms for popular Participants
The Philippine Rural Development ProgramManage by Rural Development Division of
the Bureau of Community DevelopmentAims to promote the transformation and
development of rural communities Built on the principle that development is a
government enterprise
Policies and Mechanisms for popular Participants
Primary Health ProgramLOI No. 949Practical approach that recognizes the
interrelationship between health and overall socioeconomic development
Intersectoral approach in building the foundation of health
Policies and Mechanisms for popular Participants
Recognized the for:Active community participationGood working relationshipUse of indigenous technologyDevelopment of support mechanisms
Policies and Mechanisms for popular Participants
Community based programsKnows , feels, and accepts responsibility for
community healthTaps and develops its own resourcesPrimary focus is put by the community on
community problems, resources and actions
Factors that Promote/Impede Popular Participation
The individual levelAnalysis would require more empirical testNo longer be a concept in search of
methodology but rather implies that community may be the methodology
Promoting conditionsImpending conditions
Factors that Promote/Impede Popular Participation
The communityCommunity structurePhysical dispersion / Communication
networksExperience in community organizingEconomic status of communityCommunity leadership selection
Factors that Promote/Impede Popular Participation
Involvement of informal leadersLeadership styleEmotional cost to communityManner of fielding community organizersThe government/other sectorsBureaucratic character / “Technical
expertise”
Factors that Promote/Impede Popular Participation
Measures of performancePlan approachNature of programChoice of communityParticipationBureaucratic specialization
Factors that Promote/Impede Popular Participation
The greater society/Societal levelColonial experiencePovertyIneffectiveness of participation as a means of
getting serviceOther factors
Recommendations: The Search for the Filipino Participatory Ethic
Society’s historical pastHeavy influence and reliance on western and
foreign modelsUtilize an indigenous process of evoking
popular participationSearch for the distinguishing characteristics
Reference
Introduction to Public AdministrationA Reader 2nd Edition
National College of Public Administration & Governance
University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, 2003