1. Pablo Martin Binder Mara Aranda Garca Olga Gerasimenko Roy Weterings Ren Bouwmeester Jelle Pieters Tianyi Hu Mengxiao Wang Dorella Maruccia

2. Vision Create a sustainable riverbasin, which is self relient by effective use of the Guadelete river, creating economical opportunities 3. River as source for economy (Correct Management) River as a Solitary Developement (Incorrect Management) Huge Population Small Population Graveyard Living with the River The American Dream Monstruopoli s Big Cities Infrastructure More Waste Hydropower Traditional Agricultue Bigger cities Housing Pollution Industries Masive Tourism Waste Incineration Cooperative EcoTourism Sustainable agriculture Aquaculture and architecture Water regeneration / reuse Algea Old population People leaving town Traditional agriculture Abandonned houses No technology 4. Future scenario WWTPs in villages Detached houses in more distant areas Small scale sustainable agriculture/aquaculture WWTP effluent for agriculture/aquaculture Fish ladders Sediment flow Sufficient water quality 5. Future scenario Improve current economical activities Rural hotels Tourism (culture, sports, nature, fishing) Knowledge exchange/cooperation Efficient landuse planification Slow food Preserving traditions 6. Measures Education and commitment Sustainable agriculture Sustainable aquaculture Eko tourism Salinas Detached houses 7. Environmental education and commitment: LIVING WITH GUADALETE RIVER BRAINSTORMING Agenda 21 Public participation forums, group workshops Feedback GOs NGOs (Ecologist Action, Fundacin Nueva Cultura del Agua, FNCA) Social network Media Like Famarea European Centre for River Restauration EU projects EKOenergy environmental fund EVS Examples 8. Characteristics Free or low cost Slow process A lot of cooperation Governmental support Start in primary school (volunteers, students from universities, teachers) 9. Action PlanTime Cost (Aprox.) Possibilities Experts involve Official research Fast because avaliable 20,000 Possible Env. Institutions, organizations, universities Media 3-4 weeks 8,000/year Possible TV, newspappers, social network, radio, pamphlets Feedback 2-3 months 2,500 Possible Different sectors Cooperation with stakeholders and athorities A longer process 1,000 50%-50% GOs, industries, institutions Group workshops 1 week 5,000 Possible Experts, workers, Gos, NGOs, authorities Media 2 3-4 weeks 8,000/year Possible TV, newspapers Educational field work All the time(*) 4,000/year Possible Experts in environmental fields, volunteers, gropup leaders in the villages 10. * Educational field work is supposed to be continued for every newcomming generation. 11. The term sustainable agriculture means an integrated system of plant and animal production practices having a site-specific application that will, over the long term: Satisfy human food and fiber needs Enhance environmental quality and the natural resource based upon which the agricultural economy depends Make the most efficient use of nonrenewable resources and on- farm resources and integrate, where appropriate, natural biological cycles and controls Enhance the quality of life for farmers and society as a whole. Transforming traditional agriculture into sustainable rural activities 12. (FAO, 2012) 13. Technical Meassures Crop Rotation Mixed Cropping 14. Inter Cropping Cover cropping Usage of locally produced compost Replacement of traditional agrochemicals 15. Total Cultivated area 192611 Total Irrigated Area (ha) (2013) 45503 Numbre of existent cooperatives 15 Surface Water 100% Irrigation system Gravity 30% Localized 33% Sprinkles 37% Average efficiency 64% Water distribution (m3/ha.yr) 6085 (Junta de Andaluca, 2011) 16. Surface % - Cooperatives included2013 2018 2023 2028 2033 Progress Report Process Quality Report Baseline Report Peer Learning Reviews - Lessons learned Periodical Reviews and Reflection Planning Mid-term and Final cycle Evaluation New data and experience incorporation 17. Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Phase 1 Project Established with Human Resources, Facilities and Systems 1 Contracting, Defining leading committee 2 Recruitment, Capacity building of Team 3 Establishing project management systems and processes Phase 2 Initiation, Rapport Building and Demand Assessment 1 Community consutlations, level demand assessments, baseline assessments, benchmark indicators 2 Preparing agriculture development plans 3 Stakeholder consultations, workshops to finalise these plans and to seek support from government Phase 3 Establishment of a Village based Agriculture 1 Identification of agriculture providers 2 Assessment of capacities and preparing capacity buidling plan 3 Series of Training programmes, exposure visits for capacity building Phase 4 Sustainable agriculture interventions 1 Demonstrations at farmers field on Organic pest management, soil and nutrient management practices 2 Full Package of Organic technology available 3 Provision of seeds 4 Provision of fertility improvement products 5 Bio-pesticides 6 Package of practice training 7 Value chain studies, market opportunity assessment 8 Value addition interventions, micro enterprises for groups 9 Market information and linkages Phase 5 Institutional Development activities 1 Building /strengthening farmers at village level 2 Capacity building of community institutions, linkages with local Government 3 Convergence with public department responsible for delivery of services 4 Business planning support Phase 6 Knowledge documentation and dissemination 1 Research studies, project model documentation 2 Campaigns, seminars, workshops at various levels, Policy briefs, best practices Phase 7 Project Monitoring, Evaluation, Learning 1 Reports - Progress Report, Process Quality Report 2 Baseline Report 3 Peer Learning Reviews 4 Annual Reviews and Reflection, Planning 5 Mid-term and Final cycle Evaluation Year 5 Milestone / Activity and InputsN Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Project Gantt Chart = 5 years sub-phase 18. Use aquaculture effluent for agriculture Aquaculture effluent used for agriculture, reduce cost for effluent treatment Eg. Salt tomatoes 19. Culture algae in aquaculture effluent Algae as nature fertilizer Combine with shellfish production 20. Cooperation with Universities & scientific institutes Fish farms self-interested Support small fish farms & increase competition Regulation --Increase the punishment. --Increase monitoring Possible export. -- Local consumption ( tourism) -- Export to other European countries 21. Touristic Hotspots Placed at the reservoirs of Guadelete river The touristic hotspots uses products of sustainable (aqua/agri culture) Touristic hotspots offering tours to sustainable farms Touristic hotpots Agriculture Aquaculture 22. Touristic activities Guided tours to agriculture and aquaculture spots Birdwatching tours Bike rental (with tracks to agri/aquaculture spots) Fishing trips Canoe rental Climbing wall at the dam Rural bed and breakfast 23. Rural Bed and Breakfast Self sustainable farm Experiencing culture and lifestyle Enjoying food and drinks from the farm Learning about production process Offering tours, sports and cultural activities 24. Rural bed and Breakfast Grains Provides for income and jobs for the local population. Culture is preserved Biological diversity is maintained in surrounding areas. Cooperation between locals 25. Rural Bed and Breakfast How to achieve this? Education program by Universities House to house education by students Workshop meetings with farmers 26. Building a dry toilet Preparation: 1 hour Waiting: 1-2 years Aerobic process No water Capture nutrients 27. Materials Sturdy plastic milk crate 5-gallon bucket Toilet seat, complete with seat bolts Felt-tip pen or china marker (optional) Jigsaw or keyhole saw Utility knife 4 wood scraps or table legs 8 plastic cable ties Several gallons of sawdust or limestone and a bucket to store it in, and a scoop 28. Putting it together Scavenge Attach the toilet seat to the crate Cut a hole in the crate Cut the legs Attach the legs Operating instructions 29. Maintenance Emptying interval of the toilet depends on the number of users The emptying interval increases with the size of the tank Easy excess to tank for emptying Emptying of the collection vessel for liquid accumulated from the toilet 30. Action Plan Create a student program Students inform inhabitants about awareness and use of dry toilets Students and volunteers are selected to build the dry toilets Very low maintenance efforts 31. Reuse of gray water Use directly to irrigate crops Treatment by helophyte filter Reuse treated water for irrigation or discharge 32. Helophyte filter Natural treatment by reed About 3m3 per person needed and 1m deep A septic tank and pump to regulate the flow Use a strong plastic foil to prevent leakage Root pads to prevent puncture by roots infiltration pipes Gravel and sand The plants 33. Helophyte filter Creating awareness by advertising and house to house Meetings with locals Subsidies EU Environmental action groups. Costs about 10.000 Reduce costs by doing a part yourself. 34. LAS SALINAS AS AN ECONOMICAL OPPORTUNITY 35. A salt mine is a mining operation involved in the extraction of rock salt or halite from evaporate deposites. These deposits are located in the salt marshes, that are coastal ecosystems in the upper coastal intertidal zone between land and open salt waters. 36. How Salinas operate The salt extraction is based on tides, sun and wind. When the tide grows, the doors will be opened and the marsh will get flooded; then the doors will be closed and so the water remains inside. 37. This sea water is guided into a less deep area, called tajera Here the sun and the wind make water evaporate so the salt will be depositated on the ground. 38. The water is forced to follow a meanderic path: in this way, the carbonate sediments will deposite in meanders and the salt will result more pure. 39. The salt is collected: with machines: it needs some washing treatments for sand and iodine with hands Salineros 40. Nowadays, the salt extraction activity in the province of Cadiz generates 1950 employers, but there are some abandoned salt marshes: 34 in Puerto Real 7 in Chiclana 5 in San Fernando 41. Salinas in Puerto Real 42. Salinas in Chiclana de la Frontera Salinas in San Fernando 43. Regulation The new Ley de Costas (a coastal law), activated in the beginning of 2013, declares that: 7500 ha of salt marshes and aquaculture installations are now considered like protected areas; if the salt marshes manage to fulfill the law requirements, they could be operative again. 44. Why restoring Salinas? Economic reasons: - great source of new employments Biological reasons: - contribute to the cleaning of the area - birds like flamingos have repopulated the area 45. Restoring methods: To abandon all human interference and leave the salt marsh to complete its natural development. To restore the destroyed habitat into its natural state either at the original site or as a replacement at a different site. SUCCESSFUL APPROACH: 2 10 years 46. Costs of restoration: are highly variable, they depend on: different site conditions different restoring method. A recent study in New England indicates that the cost, on average, will be about $16000 / acre. 11844 / 4047 m2 2,92 / m2 These costs include: planning construction monitoring 47. Action Plan: ACTIONS YEARS 1 2 3 4 5 10 Policy and legislation Take account of saltmarshes when developing agri- environment schemes, management of coastlines Produce development control policies to prevent development in flood risk areas Promote awareness of agri-environment schemes which involve the management of saltmarshes Site safeguard and management Identify potential areas for managed realignment of saltmarshes Improve estuarine and coastal water quality Advisory Promote and develop demonstration sites for the management of saltmarshes Future research and monitoring Identify the key areas suffering from erosion Monitor changes in the extent and quality of the saltmarsh Monitor population of important wetland bird species Communication and Publicity Organise and hold demonstrations and talk about the biodiversity theme in saltmarshes Foster a wider appreciation of biodiversity of the area through education and publicity Communicate the need for managed realignment to landowners 48. Example of restoration costs: SALINA DE LOS TRES AMIGOS (San Fernando): Area: 408 ha Amount of the cost: 11,913,600 49. Stakeholders involved: STAKEHOLDER CATEGORY INSTITUTION STAKE RELATED TO POLICY ISSUE Public Governmental Management of the water basin Regional water resources authority Implementation of Water Framework Directive Agents of saltmarshes Natural Reserve Conservation of the salt marsh and biological communities Municipality Local municipality Definition of socioeconomic development strategies Non - Governmental Ecologists in Action Active participation in the defence of environmental quality (ex: monitoring waste discharges, environmental education, complaints to municipalities) Committee for the natural heritage defence Semi - Private Dams management Management of river discharge controlled by dams Wastewater management companies Implementation and maintenance of urban wastewater treatment facilities Private Environmental requalification management company Environmental assessment of large project; elaboration of river basin management plans Salt farming companies Traditional economic activity dependent on both quality and consumers' perception of ecosystem health 50. Conclusion Create awareness Continues communication between stakeholders Create opportunities Promote innovative thinking Challenges to overcome (WWTP) DONT THINK IN PROBLEMS THINK OF CHALLENGES!!