CASE STUDY : INDIAN HABITAT CENTRE

ANDNBC STANDARDS FOR BUSINESS BUILDING

CONTENT

•BUSINESS BUILDING•CASE STUDY : INTRODUCTION -ABOUT IHC•SITE PLANNING•FIRE PUMP ROOM -FIRE ALARM SYSTEM a) SMOKE DETECTORS b) FIRE ALARM - CORRIDORS AND PASSAGEWAYS - EXITS - PRESSURISATION FAN - BASEMENT a) SPRINKLER b) SMOKE OUTLET DUCTS• FIRE CONTROL ROOM• QUESTIONNAIRE• SWOT ANALYSIS

BUSINESS BUILDING

THESE SHALL INCLUDE ANY BUILDING OR ANY PART OF A BUILDING WHICH IS USED FOR TRANSACTION OF BUSINESS; FOR KEEPING OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS AND SIMILAR PURPOSES, PROFESSIONAL ESTABLISHMENTS, SERVICE FACILITIES, ETC. CITY HALLS, TOWN HALLS, COURT HOUSES AND LIBRARIES SHALL BE CLASSIFIED IN THIS GROUP SO FAR AS THE PRINCIPAL FUNCTION OF THESE IS TRANSACTION OF PUBLIC BUSINESS AND KEEPING OF BOOKS AND RECORDS.

NBC STANDARD

IHC- INDIAN HABITAT CENTRE

LOCATION- LODHI ROAD, DELHI

INDIAN HABITAT CENTRE IS A MULTIPURPOSE BUILDING IN NEW DELHI INDIA. MIXING WORK, BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SPACES, THE INDIAN HABITAT CENTRE IS INDIA’S MOST COMPREHENSIVE CONVENTION CENTRE.

•THE WHOLE COMPLEX CONSISTS OF FIVE MAIN BUILDING BLOCKS WITH AERIAL WALKWAYS INTERCONNECTING THE BUILDING  BLOCKS.

•THESE BUILDING BLOCKS BEING SEPARATED MANAGE TO CREATE INTERESTING COURTYARDS THAT ARE PARTIALLY OPEN TO THE ELEMENTS.

•THERE ARE 2 BASEMENTS THAT HOUSE ALL THE PARKING AND SERVICES. THE FIRST BASEMENT HAS ONLY PARKING WHILE THE SECOND HOUSES PARKING AS WELL AS SERVICES AREA, MAINTENANCE ETC.

SITE PLANNING

•THE COMPLEX IS BUILT ON AN AREA OF 9 ACRES WITH A SUPER BUILT UP AREA OF 97,000 SQ. MT. AND CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THREE SIDES HAVING LODHI ROAD ON THE NORTHERN SIDE SEGREGATING VEHICULAR AND PEDESTRAIN MOVEMENT.

• BASEMENT FLOORS ARE FOR PARKING AROUND 1000 CARS.

FIRE PUMP ROOMLOCATION- BASEMENT 2

DESCRIPTION AUTO STARTING PRESSURE

CUT OFF PRESSURE

JOCKEY PUMP 5KG/CM SQU 7KG/CM SQU

SPRINKLER PUMP(ELECTRICAL DRIVEN)

4KG/CM SQU MANUALLY CUT OFF

DG DRIVEN PUMP 3KG/CM SQU MANUALLY CUT OFF

HYDRANT PUMP(ELECTRICAL DRIVEN)

25KG/CM SQU MANUALLY CUT OFF

IT CONSIST OF FOUR TYPES OF PUMPS WHICH SUPPLY WATER IN CASE OF FIRE IN EACH FLOOR OF IHC (INDIAN HABITAT CENTRE)

JOCKEY PUMPTHIS PUMP GENERATES PRESSURE

SPRINKLER PUMP

DELIVERY PIPE

SUCTION PIPE

DG PUMP

HYDRANT PUMP

11’’ PLATFORM

JOCKEY PUMP-MAINTAIN PRESSURE 20 HORSE POWER

SPRINKLER PUMP-

DG DRIVEN PUMP-

HYDRANT PUMP- 75 HORSE POWER

•THESE PUMPS ARE TESTED EVERY MONDAY BY THE FIRETEAM OF IHC ITSELF

.

•2 OVERHEAD TANKS OF 25000 LITRE CAPACITY EACH, MAKES AUTOMATIC PRESSURE ON GROUND BECAUSE OF THE BUILDING HEIGHT.

•UNDERGROUND TANK OF 3,50,000 LITRE CAPACITY.

•FIRE RATED DOORS - MATERIAL : WOOD PLUS THERE ARE WIRES USED IN THAT DOOR THAT INCREASES THE BURNING POINT OF THE DOOR. - DURATION : 4 HRS.

WIDTH- 2.2 MHEIGHT- 2.5 M

THERE IS ONE MORE EXIT IN THE FIRE PUMP ROOM FOR THE ESCAPE OF THE FIRE OFFICERS IN CASE OF FIRE IN THE FIRE PUMP ROOM. THIS EXIT OPENS ON THE GROUND FLOOR.

ALSO THERE IS FIRE STORE ROOM IN THE FIRE PUMP ROOM AND ONE EMPLOYEE REST ROOM.

•ONE FHC (FIRE HYDRANT CABINATE) ON EACH FLOOR CONSIST OF THREE EXTINGUISHER -WATER CO2-9 LITERS -CO2-4.5 KG -ABC-6KG

•REFILLING OF EXTINGUISHER ARE DONE IN EVERY THREE YEAR.

• COMPANY : SAFEGUARD CEASE FIRE

FIRE CONTROL PANEL

FIRE SWITCH

SPEAKER

FIRE ALARM SYSTEM

ALL BUILDINGS OF 15M IN HEIGHT OR ABOVE SHALL BE EQUIPPED WITH MANUALLY OPERATED ELECTRICAL FIRE ALARM(MOEFA)MANUALLY OPERATED FIRE ALARM SYSTEM SHALL BE INSTALLED IN BUILDING WITH ONE OR MORE CALL BOXES LOCATED AT EACH FLOOR.

NBC STANDARD

A FIRE ALARM SYSTEM HAS A NUMBER OF DEVICES WORKING TOGETHER TO DETECT AND WARN PEOPLE THROUGH VISUAL AND AUDIO APPLIANCES WHEN SMOKE, FIRE, CARBON MONOXIDE OR OTHER EMERGENCIES ARE PRESENT.

THERE ARE 3 FIRE ALARMS ON EACH FLOOR. 2 FIRE ALARMS IN OFFICES AND 1 IN LIFT LOBBY.

FIRE ALARM

SMOKE DETECTORS

THERE ARE SMOKE DETECTORS ON EACH FLOOR EXCEPT PARKING AREA IN THE BASEMENTS.

DISTANCE BETWEEN SMOKE DETECTORS IS APPROX 4 MTR.NO. OF SMOKE DETECTORS IN THE BUILDING- 2869.

COMPANY : -APOLLO-XP

CORRIDORS AND PASSAGEWAYS•WHEN STAIRWAYS DISCHARGE THROUGH CORRIDORS AND PASSAGEWAYS,THE HEIGHT OF CORRIDORS AND PASSAGEWAYS SHALL NOT BE LESS THAN 2.4MTR.

•ALL MEANS OF EXITS INCLUDING STAIRS,LIFTS ,LOBBIES AND CORRIDORS SHALL BE ADEQUATELY VENTILATED.

NBC STANDARD

CORRIDORS AND PASSAGEWAYS

•WIDTH OF THE CORRIDOR IS 1.8 MTR.

•COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL IN INTERIOR FINISHES.

•SMOKE DETECTORS ARE LOCATED AT INTERVALS OF 4M DISTANCE.

•FLOOR FINISH- MARBLE, KOTA STONE.

•AN EXIT MAY BE A DOORWAY,CORRIDOR ,PASSAGEWAY LEADING TO INTERNAL STAIRCASE OR EXTERNAL STAIRCASE OR TO VERANDAH OR TERRACE WHICH HAVE ACCESS TO A STREET OR ROOF OF BUILDING OR TO REFUGEE AREA.

•LIFTS AND ESCALATORS SHALL NOT BE CONSIDERED AS EXITS.

•EXITS SHALL BE CLEARLY VISIBLE AND ROUTE TO REACH.• THE EXITS SHALL BE CLEARLY MARKED AND SIGNS POSTED TO GUIDE THE OCCUPANTS OF THE FLOOR CONCERNED.THE COLOR OF THE SIGN EXITS SHOULD BE GREEN. THE SIGNS SHOULD BE PROPERLY ILLUMINATED AND WIRED TO AN ELECTRICAL SOURCE OF SUPPLY.

EXITS

•ALL BULDINGS WHICH ARE 15M IN HEIGHT OR ABOVE HAVING AN AREA OF 500 SQM ON EACH FLOOR SHALL HAVE MIN.TWO STAIRCASE.THEY SHALL BE OF ENCLOSED TYPE,

•SHOULD BE CONSTRUCTED WITH NON COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL THROUGHOUT.

NBC STANDARD

•ONE FIRE EXIT ON EACH FLOOR•2 LIFTS•AGGREGATES ON CONCRETE (NON COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL)

-SIGNAGES ARE THERE ON THE STAIRS-NO PROPER LIGHTING -NO ESCAPE LIGHTS

PRESSURIZATION OF STAIRCASE

PRESSURIZATION IS A METHOD ADOPTED FOR PROTECTED ESCAPE ROUTES AGAINST SMOKE, ESPECIALLY IN HIGH RISE BUILDINGS.IN PRESSURIZATION,AIR IS INJECTED IN STAIRCASES,LOBBIES OR CORRIDORS TO RAISE THEIR PRESSURE SLIGHTLY ABOVE THE PRESSURE IN ADJACENT PARTS OF BUILDING.AS A RESULT INGRESS OF SMOKE OR TOXIC GASE IN TO ESCAPE CAN BE PREVENTED.

NBC STANDARD

•PRESSURISATION FAN IN STAIRS •OPENING OF PRESSURISATION FAN ON EACH FLOOR.• GROUND- 6TH FLOOR

PRESSURISATION FAN

AUTOMATIC SPRINKLERS

•AUTOMATIC SPRINKLERS SHALL BE INSTALLED IN BASEMENTS USED AS CAR PARKS AND IF AREA EXCEEDS 200SQMANY ROOM OR OTHER COMPARTMENT OF BUILDING EXCEEDING 1125 SQM IN AREA ON ALL FLOORS OF BUILDING IF HEIGHT OF BUILDING EXCEEDS 15M

BASEMENTS• EACH BASEMENT SHALL BE SEPARATELY VENTILATED.A SYSTEM OF AIR INLETS SHALL BE PROVIDED AT BASEMENT FLOOR AND SMOKE OUTLETS AT BASEMENT CEILING LEVEL.•THE STAIRCASE OF BASEMENTS SHALL BE OF ENCLOSED TYPE HAVING FIRE RESISTANCE OF NOT LESS THAN 2H AND SITUATED AT PERIPHERY OF BASEMENT TO BE ENTERED AT GROUND LEVEL ONLY FROM OPEN AIR AND IN SUCH POSITIONS THAT SMOKE FROM ANY FIRE IN BASEMENT SHALL NOT OBSTRUCT ANY EXIT SERVING THE GROUND.•IN MULTI STOREY BASEMENT ,INTAKE DUCTS MAY SERVE AT ALL LEVELS BUT EACH BASEMENT LEVEL HAVE SEPARATE SMOKE OUTLET DUCT.

NBC STANDARD

BASEMENT

FIRE ALARMS

DELIVERY PUMP 150 MM DIA.

300 MM DIA. DELIVERY PUMP

SPRINKLERS ON BASEMENT

• THE SPRINKLERS ARE ON BASEMENT 1 AND BASEMENT 2 IN THE PARKING AREA.

• SPRINKLERS ARE PLACED AT 3 MTR. OF DISTANCE.

3 MCOMPANY- OMAX

IN BOTH THE BASEMENTS THESE DUCTS ARE USED TO SUCK THE WARM AIR IN THE BASEMENT.

SMOKE OUTLET DUCTS

DUCT INSTALLED IN FIRE PUMP ROOM FOR EXHAUST

DUCT IN PARKING

FIRE CONTROL ROOM

LOCATION- GROUND FLOOR

FIRE CONTROL ROOM•FOR ALL BUILDINGS 15M IN HEIGHT OR ABOVE ,THERE SHALL BE A CONTROL ROOM ON THE ENTRANCE FLOOR OF THE BUILDING WITH THE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM THAT IS SUITABLE PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM TO ALL FLOORS AND FACILITIES FOR RECEIVING MESSAGE FROM DIFFERENT FLOORS•DETAILS OF ALL FLOOR PLANS ALONG WITH DETAILS OF FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT AND INSTALLATION SHALL BE MAINTAINED IN FIRE CONTROL ROOM •THE FIRE CONTROL ROOM SHALL HAVE FACILITIES TO DETECT FIRE ON ANY FLOOR THROUGH INDICATORS BOARD CONNECTION,FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM SYSTEMSON ALL FLOORS

NBC STANDARD

•PUBLIC ADDRESSABLE SYSTEM IN THE WHOLE BUILDING.•THREE HOOTER ON EACH FLOOR FOR ANNOUNCEMENT.

-NEITHER ANY FLOOR PLANS NOR ANY EVACUATION PLAN WAS THERE.

QUESTIONNAIRE

Item Satisfactory Unsatisfactory Not Available OUTSIDE/INSIDE BUILDING      1. Entry/Exit (If area is designed to be accessible) Are parking spaces signed? Are parking spaces accessible? Is route from parking spaces to bldg. in good

repair? Are ramps accessible and clear? Are ramps in good repair?

 

  

 

OUTSIDE BUILDING      1. Stairs Are stairs according to IS codes?

Are there broken treads/nosings?

Do stairs have depressions due to wear?

Are stairs slippery?

 

 

 

 

 

2. Handrails Is there a handrail when there are four or more

risers? Will they withstand normal use?

 

 

 

  

   Item Satisfactory Unsatisfactory Not Available

INSIDE BUILDING      1. Walking surfaces

Are they in good condition? Are there missing tiles, torn carpeting? Are they slippery? 

  

2. Stairs Are stairs according to IS codes? Are there broken treads/nosings? Do stairs have depressions due to wear?

 

Item Satisfactory Unsatisfactory Not Available

3. Handrails Is there a handrail when there are four or

more risers? Will they withstand normal use?

 

   

  

  

4. Guardrails Are they at all floor openings?Are they at least 900-1000mm high, secured,

with no balustersmissing? 

 

     

5. Lighting in corridors Is there sufficient lighting?Are fixtures in good condition?

 

   

  

  

6. Lighting in stairwells Is there sufficient lighting on all steps and

platforms?Are fixtures in good condition?

 

 

  

   

 

  

 

7. Lighting at exits Are directions to exits posted on all floors?Are exits regularly illuminated?Are exit signs illuminated?

   

 

 

  

8. Emergency lighting (battery powered units) Are lights in working order? Are fixtures in good condition?

 

 

  

  

9. Storage-corridors Are corridors being used for storage?

 

  

   

  

10. Storage-stairwells Are stairwells being used for storage?

.

  

   

11. Sand buckets Are Sand buckets checked and refilled

regularly? Are there sufficient containers?

Are they in good condition? 

   

  

 

12. Trash-accumulation Is trash being accumulated in exits, hallways

or stairwells?

  

   

  

13. Fire Doors Are fire rated doors equipped with self-

closing devices, latching hardware? Are fire doors uninhibited by wedges or stops?

 

  

    

  

 

14. Door hardware Is all hardware operable?

 

   

  

  

15. Doors-exit Is access clear?

.

   

  

  

16. Wall openings Are there holes in walls?

 

  

   

  

17. Ceiling openings Are all ceiling tiles in place? Are there holes in ceiling?

  

  

   

  

18. Fire extinguishers Are all fire extinguishers working and in place? Is access clear? Have they been inspected in the last month?

 

   

 

 

19. Fire alarm system Is there visible damage? Is the sprinkler riser area free of storage or

obstruction? Is combustible storage within 18" of ceiling in

sprinklered area? Are there any damaged or painted sprinkler

heads? .

 

 

 

20. Ventilation Is there good air movement? Local exhaust (i.e. hoods)

 

   

 

  

   

21. General air quality Are strong or offensive odours present? Does irritation to eyes or mucus membranes

occur? 

  

  

  

22. General right-to-know Are posters obvious? Are unlabelled chemical containers present?

 

  

   

  

23. Flammable/Combustible liquids Are liquids in proper

containers? Are containers labelLed? Is there excessive storage of chemicals? Are liquid waste containers in secondary

containment?  

  

  

1 FIRE SAFETY MEASURES Whether the following requirements of Fire extinguishers, hose real, down comer installations and capacity of water storage tanks and fire pumps are provided as given below as per Table 23, Part 4, National Building Code of India, 2005?  

Yes No NA

2 Twelve fire buckets of 12 inches height and 10 inches deep always filled half the number with water and half with sand arranged to a stand should be provided and maintained separately at kitchen room, library and auditorium areas,  

YES  

3 Twelve fire buckets of 12 inches height and 10 inches deep always filled with dry sand arranged to stand should be provided and maintained at laboratory area.  

No  4

* EMERGENCY AND ESCAPE LIGHTING Whether the emergency lighting is powered from a source independent of that supplying normal lighting?  

No

--

*5

Whether the emergency lighting system is of adequate capacity of continuous operation for minimum duration of 1 1/2 hour even for smallest premises. As per clause 15.5 of I.S 14435:1997?  

N.A

6*

Whether the emergency lighting system is well maintained by conducting periodical inspections and tests so as to ensure their perfect serviceability at all times as per clause 15.6 of I.S 14435:1997?

N.A

7*

Whether the escape lighting is capable of the following as per clause 15.7 of I.S 14435:1997? a) Indicating clearly under un-ambiguously the escape

routes.  

b) Providing adequate illumination along such routes to allow safe movements.

 c) Ensuring that fire alarm call point, fire fighting

equipment provided along the escape routes can be readily located

 

N.A

8*

Whether all the main gates and the doorways of all classrooms are kept open during the period of occupation?  

Yes

9 ADVISORY FIRE SAFETY MEASURES Whether the teaching and non-teaching staff or any of the able students under went any first aid fire fighting training?

YES

10 Whether “FIRE DRILLS” are conducting involving all the concerned once in 3 months for an initial period of one year and subsequently once in 6 months?  

No

11 Whether the available first aid fire fighting appliances are well maintained by conducting periodical inspections and tests to ensure perfect serviceability of them?  

Yes

12 Whether any record is being maintained to the above extent? No 13 Whether any special care towards the physically handicapped

persons is planned to help them during fire or similar emergencies  

No

SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTH• DEFINED ENTRY/ EXIT OUTSIDE THE

BUILDING• HANDRAILS/ GUARDRAILS IN GOOD

CONDITION• ADEQUATE CORRIDOR LIGHTING• FIRE EXTINGUISHERS IN PLACE• ABSENCE OF FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS• AVAILABLE FIRST AID.• EXIT/ENTRY IN PARKING IS PROPER• VENTILATION IN STAIRS AND

BASEMENTS AND ON ALL THE FLOORS ARE PROPER

• PUBLIC ADDRESSABLE SYSTEM

WEAKNESS• STAIRCASES NOT TOO GOOD IN

CONDITION• MISSING/ SLIPPERY FLOOR TILES• POORLY LIT EXITS• UNCLEAR/ MISSING SIGNAGES• NO EVACUATION PLAN • ONLY ONE FIRE EXIT FOR EACH BLOCK• NO ESCAPE LIGHTS

OPPORTUNITY• FIRST AID AND FIRE TRAINING SESSIONS• INTELLIGENT BUILDING – SMART

BUILDING, TELECOM SERVICES, AUTOMATION SYSTEM

• INSTALLATION OF EMERGENCY LIGHTING

• USAGE OF COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID

THREAT• UNILLUMINATED SIGNS• DIRECTIONS TO EXIT NOT PROVIDED• NO EVACUATION PLANS• NO FIRE DRILLS