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Presented By: Satyajit Roy & Rishav PandeyBHMCT 2nd Semester

Siliguri Institute Of Technology

ELEMENTS OF FIREFuel (wood, paper, petrol, kerosene etc…)Heat (optimum temperature)Oxygen (O2)

OPTIMUM TEMPERATUREOptimum temperature is the temperature of

which any flammable item catches fire…

SOME EFFECTS TO REMOVE THE FIREStarving Effect Cooling EffectBlanketing Effect

HOW DO FIRE OCCURS?

Fire Occurs in presence of three elements1. FUEL2. OXYGEN3. OPTIMUM TEMPERATURE Removal of fuel from fire is known as starving

effect. Removal of oxygen is known as blanketing effect. Co0lling down from the optimum temperature is

known as cooling effect.

TYPES OF FIREClass A – Fire catches in dry combustible items

which has end product of ashes. (paper, wood, cloth, etc)

Class B - Fire catches in liquid combustible items, which do not have any end product. (petrol, kerosene, spirit, etc)

Class C – Fire catches in flammable gases. (propane, butane, methane, LPG etc)

Class D – Molten metals. ( aluminium, magnesium, titanium)

Class E – Electricity short circuit.

TYPES OF EXTINGUISHER

Water Fire Extinguisher- The cheapest & most widely used fire extinguisher, used for class A fires, not suitable for class B (liquid), or Where electricity is involved.

Foam Fire Extinguisher- More expensive than water, but more versatile. Used for Classes A & B fires. Foam spray extinguishers are not recommended for fires involving electricity, but are safer than water if inadvertently sprayed on to live electrical apparatus.

Dry Powder Fire Extinguishers- Often termed the ‘multi-purpose’ extinguisher, as it can be used on classes A, B & C fires. Best for running liquid fires (Class B). Will efficiently extinguish Class C gas fires.

CO2 Fire Extinguisher- Carbon Dioxide is ideal for fires involving electrical apparatus, and will also extinguish class B liquid fires.

A fire drill is a method of practicing how a building would be evacuated in the event of a fire or other emergency . Usually, the building's existing fire alarm system is activated and the building is evacuated as if the emergency had occurred.

FIRE SAFTEY DEVICEFIRE ALARM- A manual alarm system

which consists of break glass units and alarm sounders connected to a control panel , can only be operated and the alarm raised, if activated by a person discovering a fire incident.

SMOKE DECETOR- An automatic system comprises of smoke and heat detectors, in addition to break glass units and alarm sounders connected to a control panel . Automatic systems have the ability to raise the alarm regardless of the presence of occupants, which provides an early warning of a fire incident.

FIRE SAFTEY DEVICEWATER SPRINKLER- A water

sprinkler or sprinkler head is the component of a fire sprinkler system that discharges water when the effects of a fire have been detected, such as when a predetermined temperature has been exceeded.

FIRE DOOR- A fire door is a door with a fire-resistance rating (sometimes referred to as a fire protection rating for closures) used as part of a passive fire protection system to reduce the spread of fire or smoke between compartments and to enable safe egress from a building or structure or ship.

FIRE SAFTEY DEVICE

WATER HOSE PIPE- A water sprinkler or sprinkler head is the component of a fire sprinkler system that discharges water when the effects of a fire have been detected, such as when a predetermined temperature has been exceeded.

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