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Formative Assessment 28.3

+1. Why do the organ systems in the body need to work so closely together?

All body systems contribute to maintaining homeostasis. What happens in one system may require response from another

+2. Explain why a long-term disruption of homeostasis can often be more damaging to the body than a short-term disruption is. Long-term disruption can produce a chain reaction in

which more and more organ systems are affected over time. The result can be permanent damage to organs and possibly death

+3. Why would giving synthetic insulin to people with Type 1 diabetes restore their glucose homeostasis?

Type 1 = no insulin is made. When synthetic insulin is given to people with Type 1 diabetes, glucose can enter cells, so blood glucose levels return to normal

+4. If you lived in Alaska for the whole year, what changes might occur in your calcium and phosphorus levels during the winter versus the summer? Explain. During winter months:- Little sunlight & skin fully covered with clothing = very little

exposure to UV light- Less vitamin D production - Decrease in calcium and phosphorus levels in the body Summer months:

- More exposure of skin to sunlight

- Increase in vitamin D production leads to increased levels of calcium and phosphorus in the body

+5. Some animals can store more glucose – in the form of glycogen – in their bodies than other animals can. What might be the evolutionary advantage of having these extra energy stores? Development of more efficient cellular metabolism Ability to survive on an irregular food supply Ability to mobilize extra glucose rapidly to provide energy in

fight-or-flight situations