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Since their existence, man has depended on rivers for their survival.Man has harnessed the river on his journey to industrialisation and development. Throughout the process, man has impacted both positively and negatively on rivers. In this presentation, we will examine some of man’s impact on rivers.

As a result of this lesson, the student will be able to:•identify at least 5 ways in which man has impacted rivers.•describe the impact of each on man and the river basin.•discuss the measures which individuals, governments and non-governmental organisations have implemented to reduce the negative impacts of human activity. •make a commitment to preserving and conserving the environment.

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There are twelve questions in this instructional material.

Click on the question number on the left to attempt a question.

Read each question at the top of the slide. Type your response in the box below the

question. You must be in Slide Show View to type and

delete text. Click CHECK for feedback. Click on the question number on the left to

attempt another question.4

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Read the question above and then type your response in the box below.

You must be in Slide Show View to type and delete text.

FEEDBACKFEEDBACK It can be used to supply water for domestic

and other purposes. It can be used to generate electricity It can be used for cooling down processes in

industries The volume of water in the lower section is

reduced

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FEEDBACKAll the water stored in the

dam will flow downstream very rapidly causing flooding to areas below the dam.

Read the question above and then type your response in the box below.

You must be in Slide Show View to type and delete text.

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Read the question above and then type your response in the box below.

You must be in Slide Show View to type and delete text.

Rapid overland flow increases, so water reaches to the river much faster than normal leading to flooding and erosion.

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Read the question above and then type your response in the box below. You must be in Slide Show View to type and delete text.

• Chemicals from industries are directly dumped in rivers or indirectly may contaminate the air and reach back to the ground and rivers as acid rain.

• Some chemicals seep into the ground water supply and eventually enters the river via through-flow.

• Sewage disposal into gullies and rivers increases algae growth.• Household garbage is unsightly and also adds pollutants to the river.

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Read the question above and then type your response in the box below.

You must be in Slide Show View to type and delete text.

• Deforestation takes place to access the mining area, this in itself leads to flooding

• When the bauxite is mined out, there is a lowering of the water table which reduces the water available to plants. It also increases run off during periods of heavy rainfall, which can also lead to flooding.

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Read the question above and then type your response in the box below. You must be in Slide Show View to type and delete text.

FEEDBACK• The river channel is lowered, raising the river banks which may

collapse.• It changes the natural processes occurring in the river channel, as the

river may continue to erode in its lower course and wash away bars and other features found at or near the river mouth.

• Foundation of bridges may become exposed and the bridge may eventually collapse.

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Read the question above and then type your response in the box below.

You must be in Slide Show View to type and delete text.

• Rate of flow increases rapidly• The volume of water also increases rapidly• Both increases the likelyhood of flooding

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Read the question above and then type your response in the box below. You must be in Slide Show View to type and delete text.

It takes a shorter period of time after urbanisation for volume and rate of flow to increaseCHECKCHECK

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Read the question above and then type your response in the box below. You must be in Slide Show View to type and delete text.

FEEDBACKFlash flooding

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Read the question above and then type your response in the box below. You must be in Slide Show View to type and delete text.

FEEDBACK• Use less concrete pavements at home.• Plant more trees and other plants around the home.

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Read the question above and then type your response in the box below. You must be in Slide Show View to type and delete text.

FEEDBACK• Chemicals may be washed into the nearest river.• The chemicals may seep into the underground

water supply, and eventually reach the river.• The chemicals may kill aquatic life including fish• The chemicals may also destroy plant life on the

bank of the river exposing breeding grounds to predators.

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Read the question above and then type your response in the box below. You must be in Slide Show View to type and delete text.

FEEDBACK• The river may become contaminated by faecal

matter from the animals.• The animals may wade through the water as they

drink water thus affecting water quality.Now go to the next slide for the final activity.

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Make a list of at least three ways in which you have directly or indirectly contributed to the pollution of rivers.

Make a list of at least three ways in which you personally will attempt to correct or improve pollution of our rivers.

Discuss these with each other so that persons with similar goals can work together.

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You have reached the end of the quiz. If you wish to review this lesson, go to

the first slide. If you have finished viewing the lesson,

click the Close (X) button.

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• http://images.sciencedaily.com/2009/09/090904071905-large.jpg

• http://www.ec.gc.ca/eau-water/72FDC156-C1A8-49B0-A95A-F019F48A6984/effects_of_urbanization.gif

• http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/407/cache/environment-freshwater-san-diego-7_40741_600x450.jpg

• http://www.care2.com/news/member/683318092/1860050• http://photos.wildmadagascar.org/images/

madagascar_erosion_aerial_0.shtml

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• http://blogs.uww.edu/introtolatinamerica/2011/10/03/deforestation-in-costa-rica/

• http://www.jamaicancaves.org/cockpit-country-bauxite-mining.htm

• http://jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20051222/lead/lead3.html

• http://www.frontpageafricaonline.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2312:health-hazard-slum-communities-in-monrovia-at-risk&catid=54:health-matters&Itemid=116

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1. Guiness, P., Nagle, G., Oliphant, K., Rae, A., Rocke. J., Ross, S., Rutter, J., Wyllie, A. (2008). Geography for CSEC. UK: Nelson Thornes

2. Sealey, N. (2010). Geography for CSEC Examinations. Oxford: Macmillan Publishers Ltd.

3. Wilson, M. (2005). The Caribbean Environment for CSEC Geography. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

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