By

Eithasab Ahmed

GEOGRAPHY OF BIHAR

Upper northeast corner of India, right before it gets squeezed between Bhutan and Bangladesh.

Many important rivers pass through Bihar.

In the southern foothills of the Himalaya Mountain Range, touching Nepal.

Bihar is the tan state within the red shape.

It is bounded by Uttar Pradesh to its west, Nepal to the north, Northern part of West Bengal to the east and by Jharkhand to the south. The Bihar plain is divided into two parts by the river Ganges which flows through the middle from west to east. Bihar has forest area of 6,764.14 km2, which is 7.2% of its geographical area

Bihar is an Indo-Gangetic plain. so, naturally fertile soil is found.

The soil in Bihar is Gangetic alluvium.

This soil is deficient in phosphoric acid, nitrogen, humus, but potash and lime present in sufficient quantity.

Bihar is a vast stretch of fertile land, drained by the Ganges river, which flows through the middle from west to east.

Other Ganges tributaries are the Son , Budhi Gandak, Chandan Orhani and Phalgu.

The Himalayas begin at foothills a short distance inside Nepal but influence Bihar’s landforms.

Bihar has notified forest area of 6764.14 KM which is 7.1%of its geographical area.

The hot and dry summer gives the deciduous forests which consists of shrub, grass and reeds and the rainfall is above 1,600mm.

The most important trees are Shorea, Robusta(sal), Shisham, Cadrela Toona, Khairand Semal.

Ajay river, Bagmati, Budhi, Gandak, Bhutahi, Balan, Ganges, Ghagra, Phalgu,Kamala, Karmanasha, Kosi river, Mahananda, Punpun, sapt, Son river.

Waterfalls:- Kakolat, Telhar, Karkat.

Lake:-Anupam and Kharagpur

Kanhar river

Rihand river

Rajgir

Bateshwar

Kaimur range

Bhamayoni hills

Pratetshila, Ramshiela hills.

Rajgir hills

Bihar is cold in winter, the lowest temperature around 0-10 Celsius. Winter months are December and January.

It is hot in the summer with average temperature around 35-40 degree Celsius.

April to mid June are the hot months.

The monsoon months june-september see good rainfall.

October and November, February and march have pleasant climate.

Classification ETh

Avg. temperature 27 °C (81 °F)

• Summer 34 °C (93 °F)

• Winter 10 °C (50 °F)

Precipitation 1,200 mm (47 in

Flood:-Bihar is India’s most flood prone state with 76% of the population in the north Bihar living under the recurring threat of flood devastation.

Earthquake, drought and famine.

2 crop seasons: Kharif & Rabi

Major crops:◦ Rice◦ Sugar ◦ Tobacco ◦ Wheat◦ Jute

Other minor crops:◦ Chilli◦ Mango◦ Oil Seeds

India's only sanctuary for the endangeredspecies, the Vikramshila Gangetic DolphinSanctuary, is in Bihar's Bhagalpur district,around 235 km from here.

Ganga dolphin research Centre, the first suchcenter in the country, was set up in the Bihar

capital.

According to sources in the wildlife department in Patna, the tiger population has decreased in the state in the last five years.

Last month, a special census was conducted to count the number of tigers in the Valmiki Tiger Project in the West Champaran district.

The census was conducted following the directive of the central forest ministry in the wake of reports of the disappearance of tigers in several of India's wildlife reserves.

Hinduism

Buddhism

Jainism

Religion Population

Hindu 66,076,919

Muslim 16,722,048

Christian 53,137

Sikh 20,780

Buddhist 18,818

Jain 16,085

Other 52,905

not stated 37,817

Total 82,998,509

Chhath◦ Worship of the Sun

God

Teej◦ Worship of Goddess

Parvati