Definition-Group may be defined as a common belief with a common attitude the number peoples work together ,Integrated with each other and perceived themselves as a group.

Characteristics-

• Interaction among members.• Common interest or goal.• People see themselves as member.• Two or more people are needed to form goal.

PeopleSee themselves

As MemberShared Goals

Interaction Among

Members

Types of Group

Formal Group

Change MembershipGroup

Informal Group

In or out Group

Formal Group-Formal group is that group which are made to perform specific taskPeoples are selected by the organization itself. A senior authority is handle it with some rules and regulations

Types of Formal Group-

• Standing Task Group or Command Group-In this group the task has been achieved by the administrative principle and command of a supervisor whose command to

the subordinates to achieve the goals of the organization.• Task Group-

It is temporarily created formal group which task is to solve some problems of the organization and different department members are together to make this types of group there is no unique command.

Characteristics of Formal Group-

• Independent task• Creates new Innovations• Coordinate interdepartmental efforts.• Solve Complex Problem Together.• Implement action plan.• Self esteem • Reduces stress and insecurity.• Solving personal problems.

Informal Group-It is not made by any organization and not normally formed and made for need of social contacts.The friends and references are the part of the informal groups

Types of Informal Group-

• An Interest Group-An objective which is not a part of the organizational task but interest to achieve the objective by their interest

Eg-Solving Problem of a Marketing faculty who knows about the finance analysis• A Friendship Group-A friendship group in an organization who has common political

views,Bachelors,Sports interests.

• A reference Group-The References group are a group of friendship group which can be formed inside or outside the organization. With same political views, Social Status, Religions etc.

Importance of Informal Group-

• Satisfy the Social needs.• Satisfy the needs of security and Support.• Enhance feelings and self esteem.• Appropriate Behaviour.• Enhance assess of Information's.• Provide sense of Identity.

Change Membership Group-

Open and Closed Group-Open and Closed group different from each other in the following parameters

1.Changing group membership-Open Group can leave and new members are join but close group is stable and they don not change their membership.

2.Frame of Reference-Open group enhance the group norms by increasing the membership and add new members to group and closed group do not like these things.

3.Time Presepctive- Open group has less long planning due to unstable in nature but closed group has a vision and planning a long term for the group .

4.Equlibrium-New Members are very imbalance in nature due to the norms and policies of group but the close groups are stable and in equilibrium

In and Out Group-

The relation between opposing principles, forces or factors

Why People Join the Groups

• Proximity-The Behaviour and Comfort to make a group and work near to each other with good interactions.

• Security-The Group provides a psychological strength inside the mind of the members to reduces the stress from the mind and group support the member against any unethical determinants against the employee by the organization.

• Esteem-It Increase the esteem inside the person some posative energy inside the person .

• Affiliation-Some are join the group for the entretenment and frienship purpose.

• Power-The Power of unity and enjoy the group power by the part of that particular group.

• Identity-The group provides an identity to the individuals like who am I?

• Huddling-Some Information are together which are very useful to join those groups.

From the Organization Point of View

• Working on a complex task & independently which is so hard to achieve.

• New Ideas required to solve some problems.

• Facilitating the implementation of complex decision

• Serving and facilitating and developing the new employees and group norms

THE OPERATIONAL STRATEGY OF THE ORGANIZATION

FACTORS AFFECTING

GROUP

WHO IS THE AUTHRORITY AND WHO TAKE THE DECISION FOR THE

GROUP

PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL & HRP

FAILITY AND RESOURCES OF

ORGANIZATION TO FACILITATE THE GROUP

Group Development Process By W.Cook

Forming

Norming

Performing

Adjourning

Storming

Forming –• This the Stage of Awareness about the group ,what is the exact purpose of

the group what are the tasks of the group.• The Commitment about the groups • Acceptance of the group norms and culture

Storming-• In this Stage of Development the conflict arises.• They want to play different roles and different task • Related to Power allocations.

Norming-Here the Single leader form and they want to develop the group process in stead of conflict with each others by Cooperation, Support and Development

Performing-The Task achievement, Maximize the productivity, feeling proud for what they did

Adjourning-The Last Stage of Group Development in this stage the leader close to the group members and said about the emotional things give them rewards

Alternative Theory of Group Development

Mutual Acceptance

New TasksNew Members

Control and Organization

Motivation and Productivity

Communication andDecision Making

• Mutual Acceptance-Know each other and Sharing information's about

themsleves.Shring Knowledge about the politics,Sports,Events and Etc.

• Communication and Decision Making-Decision are made by discussion, Opinions and Ideas from different point of Views.

• Motivation and Productivity Stage-Co-Operate to achieve the goal of the Organization

• Control and Organization-Correct track and well leadership to utilize the group meaning to accomplish the goals.

Some Limitations of the Groups

1.Status Difference-It is all about respect the high status employees wants a respect and their views are accepted .

2.Group Norms-Some economical norms, Supportive norms which are the limitation of the groups.

3.Risky-The Mission which made by the group might be risky because the whole decision made .

4.Polarisations-They Support another person and cause a inefficiency in group.

Group Norms

Norms are likely to be strongly to enforce the group success and

survival.

The Norms reflect the group is a strong group.

To Avoid conflict and bad situation norms must be important.

Avoid embarrassing the Inter personal problems

Group Norms Control the group

Group Norms make a strong relation among members.

CARRY OVER THEEXPERIENCES

EXPLICIT STATEMENST OF LEADERTHE 1ST EXPERIENCE

CRITICAL INSIDENTS

NORMS MAKING

How to develop the norms of a group

1.Peoples brings their past experiences from others group.

2.The 1st experiences is most important (in which way the group concluding)

3.Critical incidents in an organization developed the group norms.

4.Exiplict communication and decision develop the norms

Group Task

• Production Task-All individual must gives their input and efficiency to maximize the productivity

• Discussion task-Summaries the resolve the issue & presentation to the group authority

• Problem solving-Together solve the problem find the error and send solution and implemented the solution

COHENSIVENESS OF GROUPCohesiveness means the extent to which the members like to each other

Action of Increase the Cohesiveness

• Decrease group size• Maximize the interaction• Introduce the Competition with other groups• Allocate the reward for total group instead of the individual.

To Decrease cohesiveness

• Maximize the group size• No Interaction• Involve Dominating members.• Competition inside the group itself

• Interaction• Attitude• Threats• Cooperation• Size

Cohesiveness

Positive• Increase moral• Productivity• Conformity

Negative• Performance is

low• Member left the

group