1. 8th Grade Science Cell Biology: What is the cell?
3/20/2012Brice Horton
2. Main MenuEnd Show Content 3. Content for Competency Goal
6Competency Goal 6: The learner will conduct investigations,
usemodels, simulations, and appropriate technologies and
information systems. to build an understanding of cell
theory.Objectives 6.01 Describe cell theory:All living things are
composed of cells.Cells provide structure and carry on major
functions to sustain life.Some organisms are single cell; other
organisms, including humans, aremulti-cellular.Cell function is
similar in all living things. 4. Cell Theory: Definition: The Cell
Theory is one of the basic principles of biology. Credit for
theformulation of this theory is given to German scientists Theodor
Schwann, MatthiasSchleiden, and Rudolph Virchow.The Cell Theory
states: All living organisms are composed of cells. They may
beunicellular or multicellular. The cell is the basic unit of life.
Cells arise from pre-existing cells. The modern version of the Cell
Theory includes the ideas that: Energy flowoccurs within cells.
Heredity information (DNA) is passed on from cell to cell. All
cells have the same basic chemical composition. Reference:
http://biology.about.com/od/biologydictionary/g/celltheory.htm 5.
Cellular
Basics!Reference:http://teachernotes.paramus.k12.nj.us/nolan/cp%20bio.htm
6. The Nucleus! One or more per cell Spherical shape Denser than
surrounding cytoplasm Chromosomes- Usually in the form of
chromatin- Contains genetic information- Composed of DNA- Thicken
for cellular division- Set number per species (i.e. 23 pairs for
human) Nuclear membrane- Surrounds nucleus- Composed of two layers-
Numerous openings for nuclear traffic Nucleolus- Spherical shape-
Visible when cell is not dividing- Contains RNA for protein
manufacture 7. What is Cytoplasm and Whats init? Collective term
for cytosol and organelles contained within Colloidal suspension
Cytosol mainly composed of water with free-floating molecules
Viscosity constantly changes Chloroplasts: - A plastid usually
found in plant cells - Contain green chlorophyll where
photosynthesis takes place Cytoskeleton: - Composed of microtubules
- Supports cell and provides shape - Aids movement of materials in
and out of cells Endoplasmic Reticulum - Tubular network fused to
nuclear membrane - Goes through cytoplasm onto cell membrane -
Stores, separates, and serves as cells transport system - Smooth
type: lacks ribosomes - Rough type (pictured): ribosomes embedded
in surface Reference:
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html 8. What is
Cytoplasm and Whats in it? Continued Golgi apparatus:- Protein
packaging plant- A membrane structure found near nucleus- Composed
of numerous layers forming a sacLysosome:- Digestive plant for
proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates- Transports undigested material
to cell membrane for removal- Vary in shape depending on process
being carried out- Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes
Mitochondria:- Second largest organelle with unique genetic
structure- Double-layered outer membrane with inner folds called
cristae- Energy-producing chemical reactions take place on cristae-
Controls level of water and other materials in cell- Recycles and
decomposes proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, and forms urea
Ribosomes:- Each cell contains thousands- Miniature protein
factories- Composes 25% of cells mass- Stationary type: embedded in
rough endoplasmic reticulum- Mobile type: injects proteins directly
into cytoplasmReference:
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html 9. Question 1
Are all living things composed ofCells?Yes No 10. Question 2 Cells
do NOT provide structure for orsustain life? YesNo 11. Question 3
Some organisms are single celled? Yes No 12. Question 4 Humans are
multicellular organisms? Yes No 13. Question 5 Cell function is
similar in all livingthings? YesNo 14. CORRECT!!! RETURN TO
QUESTION 15. SORRY!!! TRYAGAIN!!! RETURN TO QUESTION 16. YOU GOT
IT! RETURN TO QUESTION 17. OH NO!!!TRY AGAIN!!! RETURN TO QUESTION
18. YOU ARE SO SMART!! YOU GOT IT!! RETURN TO QUESTION 19. AWWW
SHUCKS!GIVE IT ANOTHER TRY! RETURN TO QUESTION 20. ABSOLUTELY
CORRECT!!!YOU ROCK!!!! RETURN TO QUESTION 21. SORRY TRY AGAIN!!!
RETURN TO QUESTION 22. YES!!! YES!!! YES!!! RETURN TO QUESTION 23.
SORRY!!!TRY AGAIN!!! RETURN TO QUESTION 24.
References:http://teachernotes.paramus.k12.nj.us/nolan/cp%20bio.htmhttp://biology.about.com/od/biologydictionary/g/celltheory,htmhttp://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
