Iftf redesigning education 20120324 v1

© 2012 IBM Corporation

IBM University Programs World Wide (IBM UP)

IFTF Workshop: Redesigning Higher Education

Dr. Jim Spohrer, [email protected] Champion and Director IBM UPwardUniversity Programs worldwide, accelerating regional developmentMarch 24rd, 2012 (for Institute for the Future – IFTF Workshop)At the IFTF, Palo Alto, CA© IBM 2012

Working Together to Build a Smarter Planet

© 2012 BM CorporationIBM University Programs worldwide, accelerating regional development (IBM UPward)

Redesigning the Missions of Higher Education in Society

Mission 1: Knowledge conservation– rulers, clergy, soldiers, lawyers, doctors, business practitioners, etc.

Mission 2: Knowledge construction– academics, scientists, etc.

Mission 3: Status competitiveness– prestige jobs roles and institutions

– competition as value-capture in a scarcity-driven world

Mission 4: Regional competitiveness– sustainability/sesilience (local p-supply chains)

– innovativeness (global i-supply chains)

– competition as value-cocreation in an abundance-driven world


IBM operates in 170 countries around the globe

IBM has 426,000 employees worldwide

2011 Financials Revenue - $ 106.9B Net Income - $ 15.9B EPS - $ 13.44 Net Cash - $16.6B

22% of IBM’s revenue in Growth Market countries; growing at 11% in 2011

Number 1 in patent generation for 19 consecutive years ; 6,180 US patents awarded in 2011

More than 40% of IBM’s workforce conducts business away from an office

5 Nobel Laureates

9 time winner of the President’s National Medal of Technology & Innovation - latest award for Blue Gene Supercomputer

“Let’s Build a Smarter Planet"

The Smartest Machine On Earth

100 Years of Business & Innovation in 2011

IBM’s Leadership Changes

55% of IBM’s Workforce is New to the company in the last 5 years



Baseline

12/2007

8/2008

5/2009

10/2009

11/2010

12/2008

PBS Nova (2/9/11): “The Smartest Machine on Earth?”

5/2008

4/2010

Pre

cisi

on


Universities Collaborate with IBM Research to Design Watson for the Grand Challenge of Jeopardy !

Assisted in the development of the Open Advancement of Question-Answering Initiative (OAQA) architecture and methodology

Pioneered an online natural language question answering system called START, which provided the ability to answer questions with high precision using information from semi-structured and structured information repositories

Worked to extend the capabilities of Watson, with a focus on extensive common sense knowledge

Focused on large-scale information extraction, parsing, and knowledge inference technologies

Worked on a visualization component to visually explain to external audiences the massively parallel analytics skills it takes for the Watson computing system to break down a question and formulate a rapid and accurate response to rival a human brain

Provided technological advancement enabling a computing system to remember the full interaction, rather than treating every question like the first one - simulating a real dialogue

Explored advanced machine learning techniques along with rich text representations based on syntactic and semantic structures for the Watson’s optimization

Worked on information retrieval and text search technologies

http://w3.ibm.com/news/w3news/top_stories/2011/02/chq_watson_wrapup.html


IBM University Programs:What We Do: The “6 R’s” (not to be confused with 3 R’s)

1. ResearchResearch awards focus on grand challenge problems and big bets

https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/university/research

2. ReadinessAccess to IBM tools, methods, and course materials to develop skills

https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/university/academicinitiative

3. RecruitingInternships and full-time positions working to build a smarter planet

http://www.ibm.com/jobs

4. RevenueImprove performance, the university as a complex enterprise (city within city)

http://www.ibm.com/services/us/gbs/bus/html/bcs_education.html

5. ResponsibilityCommunity service provides access to IBMers expertise/resources

http://www.ibm.com/ibm/ibmgives/

6. RegionsRegional innovation ecosystems – incubators, entrepreneurship, jobs

http://www.ibm.com/ibm/governmentalprograms/innovissue.html


Our Vision: Educational Continuum for Individuals & Institutions

8

Any Device Learning

TECHNOLOGY IMMERSION

PERSONAL LEARNING PATHS

Student-Centered Processes

KNOWLEDGE SKILLS

Learning Communities

GLOBAL INTEGRATION

Services Specialization

ECONOMIC ALIGNMENT

Systemic View of Education

Intelligent• Aligned Data• Outcomes Insight

Instrumented• Student-centric• Integrated Assessment

Interconnected• Shared Services• Interoperable Processes

LLLContinuingEducation

HigherEducation

SecondarySchool

PrimarySchool

Talent:Workforce

Skills

Individual Learning Continuum TheEducationalContinuum

Institutio

ns Learn

ing Contin

uum

Infrastructure:Economics

Sustainability

Individuals(people/talent/disciplines)

Institutions(planet/infrastructure/systems)


Regional Competitiveness and U-BEEs: Where imagined possible worlds become observable real worldshttp://www.service-science.info/archives/1056

Nation

State/Province

City/Region

UniversityCollege

K-12

Cultural &ConferenceHotels

HospitalMedical

Research

Worker(professional)

Family(household)

For-profits

Non-profits

U-BEEJob Creator/Sustainer

U-BEEs = University-Based Entrepreneurial Ecosystems, City Within City

“The future is already here (at universities),it is just not evenlydistributed.”

“The best way topredict the futureis to (inspire the nextgeneration of studentsto) build it better.”

InnovationsUniversities/RegionsCalculus (Cambridge/UK)Physics (Cambridge/UK)Computer Science (Columbia/NY)Microsoft (Harvard/WA)Yahoo (Stanford/CA)Google (Stanford/CA)Facebook (Harvard/CA)

© 2011IBM CorporationIBM University Programs worldwide accelerating regional development (IBM UPward)

What improves Quality-of-Life? Service System Innovations

A. Systems that focus on flow of things that humans need (~15%*)1. Transportation & supply chain

2. Water & waste recycling/Climate & Environment

3. Food & products manufacturing

4. Energy & electricity grid/Clean Tech

5. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT access)B. Systems that focus on human activity and development (~70%*)

6. Buildings & construction (smart spaces) (5%*)

7. Retail & hospitality/Media & entertainment/Tourism & sports (23%*)

8. Banking & finance/Business & consulting (wealthy) (21%*)

9. Healthcare & family life (healthy) (10%*)

10. Education & work life/Professions & entrepreneurship (wise) (9%*)C. Systems that focus on human governance - security and opportunity (~15%*)

11. Cities & security for families and professionals (property tax)

12. States/regions & commercial development opportunities/investments (sales tax)

13. Nations/NGOs & citizens rights/rules/incentives/policies/laws (income tax)

20/10/10

0/19/0

2/7/42/1/1

7/6/11/1/0

5/17/27

1/0/2

24/24/1

2/20/247/10/3

5/2/2

3/3/10/0/0

1/2/2

Quality of Life = Quality of Service + Quality of Jobs + Quality of Investment-Opportunities

* = US Labor % in 2009.

“61 Service Design 2010 (Japan) / 75 Service Marketing 2010 (Portugal)/78 Service-Oriented Computing 2010 (US)”

© 2011IBM CorporationIBM University Programs worldwide accelerating regional development (IBM UPward)

Smarter Planet Awards (Sample of 192: See Speaker Notes)

Ttransportation

Wwater

Pproducts

Eenergy

Ccommunication

Bbuildings

Rretail

Ffinance

Hhealth

Eeducation

Ggovernment

US 3 8 3 11 41 2 1 5 7 17

DV 6 4 4 5 18 1 6 5 1 10

EM 4 6 1 3 20 3 2 2 6

SUR 8 8 3 9 2 1 2 4 6

OCR 1 1 15 6 5

FAC 4 7 5 9 35 2 4 3 8 12

PHD 3 27 12

TOTAL 13 18 8 19 79 3 4 8 8 8 24

Column’s Explained in More Detail on Previous Slide


What are the benefits of top-ranked universities?% WW GDP and % WW Top-500-Universities

Japan

ChinaGermany

France

United KingdomItaly

Russia SpainBrazilCanada

IndiaMexico AustraliaSouth Korea

NetherlandsTurkey

Sweden

y = 0,7489x + 0,3534R² = 0,719

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

% g

loba

l G

DP

% top 500 universities

Strong Correlation (2009 Data): National GDP and University Rankings


What are the benefits of more education? Of higher skills?

…But it can be costly, American student loan debt is over $900M


University Programs Worldwide Accelerating Regional DevelopmentUPWARD

“When we combined the impact of Harvard’s direct spending on payroll, purchasing and construction – the indirect impact of University spending – and the direct and indirect impact of off-campus spending by Harvard students – we can estimate that Harvard directly and indirectly accounted for nearly $4.8 billion in economic activity in the Boston area in fiscal year 2008, and more than 44,000 jobs.”

© 2012 BM CorporationIBM University Programs worldwide, accelerating regional development (IBM UPward)15

T-shaped professionalsdepth & breadth

BREADTH

DE

PT

H

Ready for Life-Long-LearningReady for TeamworkReady to Help Build a Smarter Planet

(analytic thinking & problem solving)

Many culturesMany disciplines

Many systems(understanding & communications)

Deep in one d

iscip

line

Deep in one sys

tem

Deep in one cu

lture


Systems-Disciplines Framework: Depth & BreadthSystems that focus on flows of things Systems that governSystems that support people’s activities

transportation & supply chain water &

waste

food &products

energy & electricity

building & construction

healthcare& family

retail &hospitality banking

& finance

ICT &cloud

education &work

citysecure

statescale

nationlaws

social sciences

behavioral sciences

management sciences

political sciences

learning sciences

cognitive sciences

system sciences

information sciences

organization sciences

decision sciences

run professions

transform professions

innovate professions

e.g., econ & law

e.g., marketing

e.g., operations

e.g., public policy

e.g., game theory and strategy

e.g., psychology

e.g., industrial eng.

e.g., computer sci

e.g., knowledge mgmt

e.g., stats & design

e.g., knowledge worker

e.g., consultant

e.g., entrepreneur

stake

holders Customer

Provider

Authority

Competitors

resources

People

Technology

Information

Organizations

change History

(Data Analytics)

Future(Roadmap)

value

Run

Transform(Copy)

Innovate(Invent)

Observe Stakeholders (As-Is)

Observe Resource Access (As-Is)

Imagine Possibilities (Has-Been & Might-Become)

Realize Value (To-Be)

disciplines

systems


Investing in Learning: Systems that do, copy, invent

L

Learning SystemsInvestments

Exploitation Exploration

Run Transform Innovate

Operations

Maintenance

Insurance

Incremental

Radical

Super-Radical

Internal

External

Interaction

Copy It

Invent ItDo It

March, J.G. (1991) Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organizational Science. 2(1).71-87.Sanford, L.S. (2006) Let go to grow: Escaping the commodity trap. Prentice Hall. New York, NY.


Sustainability/Resilience & Innovation: Local-p global-i supply chains

World as System of SystemsWorld (light blue - largest)Nations (green - large)States (dark blue - medium)Cities (yellow - small)Universities (red - smallest)

Cities as System of Systems-Transportation & Supply Chain-Water & Waste Recycling-Food & Products ((Nano)-Energy & Electricity-Information/ICT & Cloud (Info)-Buildings & Construction-Retail & Hospitality/Media & Entertainment-Banking & Finance-Healthcare & Family (Bio)-Education & Professions (Cogno)-Government (City, State, Nation)

Nations: Innovation Opportunities- GDP/Capita (level and growth rate)- Energy/Capita (fossil and renewable)

Developed MarketNations

(> $20K GDP/Capita)

Emerging MarketNations

(< $20K GDP/Capita)


Redesigning the Missions of Higher Education in Society

Mission 1: Knowledge conservation (observed)– rulers, clergy, soldiers, lawyers, doctors, business practitioners, etc.

Mission 2: Knowledge construction (observed)– academics, scientists, etc.

Mission 3: Status competitiveness (observed)– Prestige jobs roles and institutions (rights & responsibilities)

– Competition as value-capture in a scarcity-driven world

Mission 4: Regional competitiveness (observed & imagined)– Sustainability/Resilience (local p-supply chains)

– Innovativeness (global i-supply chains)

– Competition as value-cocreation in an abundance-driven world


Thank-You! Questions?

Dr. James (“Jim”) C. SpohrerDirector, IBM University Programs worldwide, accelerating regional development (IBM Upward)[email protected]

“Instrumented, Interconnected, Intelligent – Let’s build a Smarter Planet.” – IBM“If we are going to build a smarter planet, let’s start by building smarter cities” – CityForward.org“Universities are major employers in cities and key to urban sustainability.” – Coalition of USU

“Cities learning from cities learning from cities.” – Fundacion Metropoli“The future is already here… It is just not evenly distributed.” – Gibson

“The best way to predict the future is to create it/invent it.” – Moliere/Kay“Real-world problems may not/refuse to respect discipline boundaries.” – Popper/Spohrer

“Today’s problems may come from yesterday’s solutions.” – Senge“History is a race between education and catastrophe.” – H.G. Wells

“The future is born in universities.” – Kurilov“Think global, act local.” – Geddes


A Framework for Global Civil Society

Daniel Patrick Moynihan said nearly 50 years ago: "If you want to build a world class city, build a great university and wait 200 years." His insight is true today – except yesterday's 200 years has become twenty. More than ever, universities will generate and sustain the world’s idea capitals and, as vital creators, incubators, connectors, and channels of thought and understanding, they will provide a framework for global civil society.

– John Sexton, President NYU


Time

ECOLOGY

14BBig Bang

(NaturalWorld)

10KCities

(Human-MadeWorld)

sun (energy)

writing(symbols and scribes,

stored memoryand knowledge)

earth(molecules &

stored energy)

written laws(governance and

stored control)

bacteria(single-cell life)

sponges(multi-cell life)

money(governed

transportable valuestored value,

“economic energy”)

universities(knowledge workers)

clams (neurons)trilobites (brains)

printing press (books)steam engine (work)200M

bees (socialdivision-of-labor)

60

transistor(routine

cognitive work)

Where is the “Real Science” - wonders to appreciate?In the many sciences that study the natural and human-made worlds…

Unraveling the mystery of evolving hierarchical-complexity in new populations…To discover the world’s architectures and mechanisms for computing non-zero-sum

Entity Architectures (ЄN) of nested, networked Holistic-Product-Service-Systems (HPSS)


Service Science: Conceptual Framework

Resources: Individuals, Institutions, Infrastructure, Information Stakeholders: Customers, Providers, Authorities, Competitors Measures: Quality, Productivity, Compliance, Sustainable Innovation Access Rights: Own, Lease, Shared, Privileged

Ecology(Populations & Diversity)

Entities(Service Systems, both Individuals & Institutions)

Interactions(Service Networks,

link, nest, merge, divide)

Outcomes(Value Changes, both

beneficial and non-beneficial)

Value Proposition (Offers & Reconfigurations/

Incentives, Penalties & Risks)

Governance Mechanism (Rules & Constraints/

Incentives, Penalties & Risks)

Access Rights(Relationships of Entities)

Measures(Rankings of Entities)

Resources(Competences, Roles in Processes,

Specialized, Integrated/Holistic)

Stakeholders(Processes of Valuing,

Perspectives, Engagement)

Identity(Aspirations & Lifecycle/

History)

Reputation(Opportunities & Variety/

History)

prefer sustainable non-zero-sum

outcomes,i.e., win-win

win-win

lose-lose win-lose

lose-win

Spohrer, JC (2011) On looking into Vargo and Lusch's concept of generic actors in markets, or“It's all B2B …and beyond!” Industrial Marketing Management, 40(2), 199–201.
