Cuba

Guatemala

Egypt

Iran

Soviet Union

Indochina (Vietnam)

China/Taiwan

Korea

Cuba

Guatemala

Egypt

Iran

Soviet Union

Indochina (Vietnam)

China/Taiwan

Korea

Cuba

Guatemala

Egypt

Iran

Soviet Union

Indochina (Vietnam)

China/Taiwan

Korea

Cuba

Guatemala

Egypt

Iran

Soviet Union

Indochina (Vietnam)

China/Taiwan

Korea

Game 5: Guatemala

JACOBO ARBENZ

• DEMOCRATICALLY ELECTED• INSTITUTES LAND REFORM

CARLOS CASTILLO

• EX-ARMY OFFICER• CIA-SUPPORTED

Caracas, Venezuela welcomes Vice-President Richard Nixon

Cuba

Guatemala

Egypt

Iran

Soviet Union

Indochina (Vietnam)

China/Taiwan

Korea

Cuba

Guatemala

Egypt

Iran

Soviet Union

Indochina (Vietnam)

China/Taiwan

Korea

Game 6: Egypt

Geographic importance: The _____________ is an important waterway because it links the

Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. The _________________________ had control of the waterway, since—in the 19th century—they built

and defended this critical waterway.

SUEZ CANAL

FRENCH AND THE BRITISH

Things that are important in understanding the 1955 Suez Crisis:• The British and the French were dependent on oil which passed through the Suez. Of the 1.5 million barrels of oil that passed through the canal each day, 1.2 million of those barrels went to western Europe. • The Egyptians were embarrassed by their defeat by the Israelis in the Arab-Israeli War of 1948-49.• In the Tripartite Declaration of 1950, the British and the French agreed that they would re-occupy the Suez Canal if the Egyptians and the Israelis went to war again.• _____________________________ became the new leader of Egypt in 1956.• ________________________________—both the United States and the Soviet Union wanted Egypt as an ally in the Cold War.

Egypt

GAMAL ABDEL NASSER

EGYPT WAS A FREE AGENT

The crisis:• To win the support of Egypt,

•BUT the Egyptians were accepting money from the and committing acts that would have been aiding the Soviet side in the Cold War.• So the US • In response, . This hurts Britain, France, and Israel:

-- Britain and France will not receive their oil.-- Ships headed to Israel were not permitted through the Suez.

Egypt

THE US LENT THE EGYPTIANS $56 MILLION FOR THE ASWAN HIGH DAM ON THE NILE.

SOVIETS

NASSER SEIZED THE SUEZ CANAL

CANCELLED THE LOAN

The reaction:• (October, 1956) ______________attacks; Britain and France take control of the Suez (see Tripartite Declaration above). • _____________________, siding with the Egyptians, threatened war if the three countries—Israel, Britain, and France—withdraw.

What does the US do?• Ike uses _______________. He calls on the ____ to issue an immediate cease-fire.

ISRAEL

THE SOVIET UNION

DIPLOMACY UN

Egypt

Results for US and Soviets • Major war between the superpowers was averted.• The _________________ gains favor among Arab nations for siding with the Egyptians.• Eisenhower issues the ____________________________.EISENHOWER DOCTRINE

THE SOVIET UNION

Egypt

Cuba

Guatemala

Egypt

Iran

Soviet Union

Indochina (Vietnam)

China/Taiwan

Korea

Game 7: Soviet Union

A change in leadership in the Soviet Union: Stalin dies and is replaced by

________________________________________________________________NIKITA KHRUSHCHEV

POLAND

HUNGARY

POLAND

HUNGARY

In Hungary…

People are pointing to the satellite. They are saying that the US has been beaten.

JANUARY 12, 1957

The US response to Sputnik

• NASA is formed• National Defense Education Act: increased funding

for math, science, and foreign languages

The Kitchen Debates: discussions held between Khrushchev and Nixon, concerning which

economic system—capitalism or communism—was better.

Cuba

Guatemala

Egypt

Iran

Soviet Union

Indochina (Vietnam)

China/Taiwan

Korea

Cuba

Guatemala

Egypt

Iran

Soviet Union

Indochina (Vietnam)

China/Taiwan

Korea

Game 8: Cuba