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What is the best way to design instruction for today's technology tools, for standup instruction, and for workday e-learning? What do practitioners need to know right now to develop effective instruction? What does research and practice tell us about effective instruction? This session will show you how instructional strategies can be applied to a variety of technologies to produce effective, efficient instruction that changes behavior and influences learners. Discover how the instructional design process can be modified to fit today's fast-paced need for quick, effective instruction. Follow an abbreviated instructional design process -Apply the keys to creating instruction that changes behavior -Match the right content to the right instructional strategies
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Instructional Design Today: What We Really Need to Know as Practitioners,
Researchers, and DesignersKarl Kapp, Ed.D., CFPIM, CIRM
Professor, Instructional TechnologyAssistant Director, Institute for Interactive Technologies
Bloomsburg University, Bloomsburg, PA
ISD
Perform
ance
InteractivityE-Learning
12
3
Agenda
Follow anAbbreviatedID Process.
Apply the Keys to Instruction that
Changes Behavior.Match the
Right Content to theRight Instructional
Strategies.
Keep Up with Latest Thinking on the Topic:
Google “Kapp Notes”
Book Signing Immediately After this Session in the
Book Store!!!
Designing Performance-Based Instruction
Facts Concepts Rules
- Elaborating- Organizing- Association
- Examples- Non-Examples- Attribute Classification
- If-Then- Cause/Effect- Concept Application
Procedures Principles Problem-Solving
- Whole to Part Review- Learn Parts- Assemble Procedure
- Teach Model- Behavior Checklist- Examples
- Multiple Scenarios- Professional Experiences- Realistic Application
Facts
Designing for Facts Elaboration-links new information with
relevant prior knowledge Superordinate-context of new fact Coordinate-compare/contrast Additional Detail
JargonAcronyms
Memorization
Facts
Designing for Facts Organizing—Placing facts into a
logical grouping (chunking) Tables Diagrams Lists Models Mnemonics
JargonAcronyms
Memorization
Roy G. Biv
Facts
Designing for Facts Association—Linking a fact to an
image or another term Diagrams Labeling Exercises
JargonAcronyms
Memorization
Teaching with Games Employee in Manufacturing Plant
ChemistrySafetyScienceSpellingTerms
http://www.kaplaneduneering.com/kappnotes/index.php/2007/05/accidental-learning-and-power-of/
Researchers have found that the human brain has a natural affinity
for narrative construction.
Yep, people tend to remember facts more accurately if they encounter them in a story rather than in a list.
And they rate legal arguments as more convincing when built into
narrative tales rather than on legal precedent.
Concepts
Designing for ConceptsConcept is a class of items that share
common features and is known by a common name.
Example, Non-Example Attribute Classification
CategoriesAbstract
Concrete
Tangible Representation of
a Concept
Conceptual Orienteering
Conceptual Orienteering
Triggers Episodic Memory
Rules
Designing for RulesRule is a statement that expresses a
relationship between concepts. If-Then Cause/Effect Concept Application
Moisture causes out of tolerance
If hot, then avoid.
Procedures
Designing for ProceduresProcedure is a sequence of steps the learner
performs to accomplish a task. Whole to Part Review Learn Parts Assemble Procedure
SOPsSoftware Processes
Step-by-Step
Step Three: Lower Machine
SOP Instructions
1. Following your planogram, assemble the columns of cubes on the floor by locking each cube in place
2. After each column is completed place the top plate on the top of each column
3. Continue until you have all the columns built
Visual SOP
Think radio talk-show, not lecture
www.gadgetsgamesandgizmos.com © Karl M. Kapp 2007
Create Youtube Moments.
Principles
Designing for PrinciplesPrinciple is a non-sequential guideline that
must be adapted to a specific situation. Teach Model Behavior Checklist Examples
Soft Skills
Trouble Shooting
Leadership
Problem-Solving
Designing for Problem-SolvingProblem is previously un-encountered
situation that requires the application of previously learned concepts, rules, procedures, principles
Teach Model Behavior Checklist Examples
Upset Customer
EthicsBroken Equipment
Consider using the “En Media Res” technique
Problem-Based LearningProblem-Based Learning
www.gadgetsgamesandgizmos.com
Note:Teach Problem-Solving with
- Multiple Scenarios- Professional Experiences
-Realistic Application- First-Person “Thinkers”
Note:Teach Problem-Solving with
- Multiple Scenarios- Professional Experiences
-Realistic Application- First-Person “Thinkers”
Create a learning documentary of how to do a
job, how decisions are made, how dots are connected.
Universal Rules
Distributed Practice Appropriate Use of Questions Focus on Job Specific Performance
Say Dadda
What are you thinking?
What are your choices?
Where else does this apply?
What are the underlying concepts?
What mistakes need to be avoided?
Metacognition
Job Specific Performance
Job Specific Performance
Link the specific task to the learning objective to the performance criteria.
Task
Analysis
Instructional
Objective
Evaluation
Item
Label names of bones
The user will be able to label 12 major bones on a diagram of a skeleton
Label 12 major bones diagram of a skeleton.
KNOWLEDGE SUMMIT 2009
Leveraging Social Media
Twitter Blogs Podcasts Video
Asks the question: “What’s Happening?”
Nothing?
Eating lunch.
Wasting time.
Nothing?
Eating lunch.
Wasting time.
Change the question.
How do I…?
What are you thinking?
Where can I find…?.
Who knows…?
Real-timeaccess to other employees
Quick question
BroadcastingThoughts and
Opinions
Sendinglearners
reminders
Answering one questionleads to more questions
Reach outside of the four walls of a training classroom
Focused Discussions
Clarification of Terms
Tips and Techniques
Frequently Asked Questions
Posting/Collection ofof ValuableResources
Listing ofExperts Link to the
others
Advice from veteran
employees
Conclusion
Apply instructional strategies to match content to delivery
Use universal techniques like distributed practice and questioning techniques
Include instructional strategies for new media.
Book Signing Immediately After this Session in the
Book Store!!!
Race You There!
Questions/More Information http://www.kaplaneduneering.com/kappnotes/
Recommended books Samples and Examples
Learning in 3D www.learningin3d.info
Gadgets, Games and Gizmos for Learning www.gadgetsgamesandgizmos.com
Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]