Soujanya

Domain :Embedded Systems

INTELLIGENT FIRE DETECTOR WITH AUTOMATIC AIR

BLOWER & ALARM TO AVOID FIRE ACCIDENTS

• The embedded system is a combination of computer hardware, software additional electrical & mechanical parts

Embedded SystemGeneral Block Diagram

Microcontroller(uC)

sensor

sensor

sensor

Se

nsor co

nditio

nin

g

Ou

tput in

terfaces

actuator

indicator

INTELLIGENT FIRE DETECTOR WITH AUTOMATIC AIR

BLOWER & ALARM TO AVOID FIRE ACCIDENTS

HARDWARE COMPONENTS:

• MICROCONTROLLER.• FIRE SENSOR• BUZZER• POWER SUPPLY• BC547 TRANSISTOR • FAN

BLOCK DIAGRAM

POWER SUPPLY

FIRE SENSOR

8051Microcontroller

FAN

BC547 BUZZER

POWER SUPPLY

FIRE SENSOR

FAN CIRCUIT

AT89S52

P1.0

Vcc

FAN

GROUND

BUZZER CIRCUIT

AT89S52

P1.0

Vcc

BUZZER

GROUND

Transistor:

•A transistor is a device which acts as a switch which is used to turn on/off fan.

•In this circuit, base terminal of the transistor is given to the P2^0 of the microcontroller.

Transistor is used to amplify electronic signals.

Micro-controller:

Microcontroller:

A highly integrated chip that consists all the components comprising a controller. Typically, this includes a CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O ports and timers.

The main task of a micro-controller is to control a particular system.

8051 Foot Print

1

23

45

6

7

8

9

10

11

1213

14

15

16

17

18

1920

40

3938

3736

35

34

33

32

31

30

2928

27

26

25

24

23

2221

P1.0

P1.1P1.2

P1.3P1.4

P1.5

P1.6

P1.7

RST(RXD)P3.0

(TXD)P3.1

(T0)P3.4

(T1)P3.5

XTAL2

XTAL1GND

(INT0)P3.2

(INT1)P3.3

(RD)P3.7

(WR)P3.6

Vcc

P0.0(AD0)P0.1(AD1)

P0.2(AD2)P0.3(AD3)

P0.4(AD4)

P0.5(AD5)

P0.6(AD6)

P0.7(AD7)

EA/VPPALE/PROG

PSENP2.7(A15)

P2.6(A14)P2.5(A13)P2.4(A12)P2.3(A11)P2.2(A10)

P2.1(A9)

P2.0(A8)

8051

15

LCD – Liquid Crystal Display Lower power than LED display More flexible in size and shape Slower response time

LCD Display:

Pin No. Name Description

1 VSS Power supply (GND)

2 VCC Power supply (+5V)

3 VEE Contrast adjust

4 RS 0=Instruction input1 = Data input

5 R/W 0=Write to LCD module1 = Read from LCD module

6 EN Enable signal

7 D0 Data bus line 0 (LSB)

8 D1 Data bus line 1

9 D2 Data bus line 2

10 D3 Data bus line 3

11 D4 Data bus line 4

12 D5 Data bus line 5

13 D6 Data bus line 6

14 D7 Data bus line 7 (MSB)

15 LED+ Back Light VCC

16 LED- Back Light GND

LCD commands:•0x01 – clear LCD data screen•0x02 – return to home •0x04 – decrement cursor (shift left)•0x06 – increment cursor (shift right)•0x05 – shift display right •0x07 – shift display left•0x08 – display off, cursor off•0x0A – display off, cursor on•0x0C – display on, cursor off•0x0E – display on, cursor blinking•0x0F - display on, cursor blinking

•0x10 – shift cursor left•0x14 – shift cursor right•0x0F - display on, cursor blinking•0x10 – shift cursor left•0x14 – shift cursor right•0x18 – shift the entire display to left•0x1C – shift the entire display to right•0x80 – force cursor to beginning of the first line

•0xC0 – force cursor to beginning of the second line

•0x38 – 2 lines & 5*7 matrix

LCD INTERFACING:

start

Fire=1Buzzer=0 & fan=0

Displays No fireFan, buzzer off

if(fire==0)

Fire=0Buzzer=1 & fan=1

Displays fire detectedFan, buzzer ON

stop

FLOW CHART

NO

YES

Fire senor

As soon as the fire sensor detects the fire,Air blower starts blows the air with an alarm Here alarm and air blower works on the conditions we had mentioned in the program.

Advantages:

•Night time Fire Safety•Alerts•Many lifes are saved

Future scope

•Many cases are there where there is the loss of lifes, valuable information and properties due to fire accidents, But with our project we can stop them…..

Conclusion

• death or serious injury and loss of property can be avoided in households where alarms are used.

Thank you…