International Journal of Telecommunications & Emerging Technologies (Vol 2 Issue 2)

International Journal ofTelecommunications

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IJTET

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Telematics and Telemetry

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We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly

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Media management, Telematics and Telemetry.

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Telecommunications & Emerging Technologies.

Puneet Mehrotra

Managing Director

1. Congestion Control in WDM Networks Himanshu Monga 1

2. Implementation of OFDM Using MATLAB and VHDL Nidhi, R.S. Singh, R. Kumar, V.K. Agrawal 6

3. Quantum Cryptanalysis Using Digital Ant in Pervasive EnvironmentS. Sinha, T. Thomas, V.K. Panchal, D. Santha Devi 17

4. Cryptography in Wireless Sensor Networks for SecurityHimanshu Monga 22

5. A Survey on Secure Authentication Scheme for VANETsDinesh Tiwari, Mayank Bhushan, Ankit Yadav, Aatif jamshed 28

Contents

IJTET (2016) 1-5 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 1

International Journal of Telecommunications & Emerging Technologies eISSN: 2455-0345

Vol. 2: Issue 2 www.journalspub.com

Congestion Control in WDM Networks

Himanshu Monga* Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

ABSTRACT

Because of enormous transmission of information through optical strands, congestion

happened routinely and it turned into a major bottleneck to the stream of information in any

procedure. Numerous techniques are there to keep away from congestion however those

systems for the most part include colossal expense connected with quality certification. These

systems are relevant to the zone which is rich in base and assets, however these procedures

are extremely hard to execute and satisfactory in territories where assets are less (for

instance: poor nations). In this paper we concentrated on building up a superior answer for

this issue as to understand blockage issues and to deduct the expense in term of usage by

diminishing the gadgets utilized as a part of system setups. We proposed a survivability vital

calculation with congestion control in WDM optical system which enhanced blockage hit

arrange and will furnish us with great cost cutting as it can be actualized to creating nations

because of low costing element. Keywords: congestion control, dynamic routing static routing, wavelength division multiplexing INTRODUCTION

Communication networks influence more people every day, given that new resources of information exchange. Accordingly, traffic demand is rising rapidly (exponentially), mainly due to data-centric applications, as reported by many service providers. Optical fiber has been used as physical medium by many networking technologies, such as SONET, ATM, due to its high bandwidth and low signal degradation.[1] Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is a significant method to exploit the huge bandwidth of the optical fiber.[2–4] There has been a wide placement of WDM transmission knowledge in today’s optical networks. WDM is widely used technology in developed countries and is based on the transmission of several light beams of

different wavelength simultaneously through an optical fiber (Figure 1). A wavelength typically operates in hundreds of Mbps or even Gbps needs to be utilized better if the connection request is less than 100 Mbps bandwidth, otherwise there is a tremendous wastage of bandwidth in a fiber for data transmission.[5–9] Though the fiber bandwidth has been improved due to the advancements in fiber-optic technologies and the increase in number of wavelengths in a fiber, there has not been much research in the area of fault tolerance, routing and wavelength assignment. Due to huge transmission of data through optical fibers, congestion occurred regularly and it became big bottleneck to flow of data in process. The commonly used survivability strategy in the optical




Implementation of OFDM Using MATLAB and VHDL

Nidhi*, R.S. Singh, R. Kumar, V.K. Agrawal Department of Electronics and Communication, I M S Engineering College Ghaziabad, UP, India

ABSTRACT

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) could be a digital

transmission technique developed to fulfil the growing demand for higher information rates

transmission of voice and video signals, which might be utilized in each wired and wireless

environments. During a basic communication system, the information is modulated onto one

carrier frequency. The obtainable information measure is then completely occupied by every

symbol. This sort of system will result in inter-symbol-interference (ISI) just in case of

frequency selective channel. The fundamental plan of OFDM is to divide the obtainable

spectrum into many orthogonal subchannels so every narrowband subchannel experiences

virtually flat attenuation, so the OFDM is turning into the chosen modulation technique for

wireless communications. The OFDM will offer massive information rates with adequate

strength to radio channel impairments. The digital modulation schemes such quadrature

amplitude modulation (QAM) was selected to designed OFDM system. In this paper, we have

calculated the Bit Error Rate (BER) for measure the performance of this technique, used

various values of signal to noise ratio (SNR) using MATLA and VHDL. Keywords: fast Fourier transform, intersymbol interference, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, QAM

INTRODUCTION

OFDM may be a special type of multicarrier modulation that is especially fitted to transmission over a dispersive channel. Here the various carriers area unit orthogonal to every different, that is, they are completely freelance of 1 another. The OFDM may be a band modulation scheme that's designed to deal with the issues of the multipath reception. Primarily, the band frequency selective attenuation channel is split into several narrow-band sub channels.[1] If the amount of sub channels is high enough, every subchannel might be thought-about as flat. This can be as a result of we have a tendency to transmit several narrowband overlapping digital signals in parallel within one wide band. Increasing the amount of parallel transmission channels reduces the

information rate that every individual carrier should convey, which lengthens the image amount. OFDM is strong in adverse channel conditions and permits a high level of spectral potency. It effectively mitigates performance degradations thanks to multipath and is capable of combating deep fades partly of the spectrum. The OFDM wave will be simply changed to regulate to the delay spread of the channel. OFDM will handle giant delay spreads easier due to the independence of the carriers and also the flexibility of variable the cyclic prefix length. OFDM permits economical operation in each frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) mode as terribly short or no pre-ambles area unit required. OFDM may be a combination of




Quantum Cryptanalysis Using Digital Ant in Pervasive

Environment

S. Sinha1*

, T. Thomas2, V.K. Panchal

3, D. Santha Devi

4

1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NSIT Delhi University, New Delhi, India 2University of Wollongong, Sydney, Australia

3DRDO, CiRG, New Delhi, India 4Department of Computer Science and Engineering, KIIT Group of Institutions, Gurgaon, Haryana, India

ABSTRACT

Nowadays security is providing essential provision to prevent unauthorized or illegal access.

It has become an essential part of every framework in electronic age. In the present scenario

as the world data in increasing exponentially with time interval, there is an increased threat

of malicious data. Hence, security becomes the vital component to make this growing

electronic usage leads to a sustainable development in society. Swarm intelligence is an

upcoming field; through its stochastic behavior it has the capabilities to solve a greater

range of optimization problem. Using the property of Meta heuristic techniques of finding the

most optimized solution authors attempted to use them for security purposes. Paper discusses

about an agent based meta-heuristic approach to infrastructure cyber defense mechanism

where a team of human and software ants mitigate security threat posed in a pervasive

environment. The Digital AntsTM

system architecture will wander through entire network in

identifying the invaders i.e. viruses, Trojan horses etc. Also, the quantum theory is used to

generate the polynomial data analogous to pheromone in Ant Colony Optimization.

Keywords: agents, DigitalAntsTM, digital pheromone, quantum theory, pervasive environment

INTRODUCTION In this information age many of us has the valuable belongings such as finance, medical histories, digitalized cards, etc. are kept safe behind another digitalized deadbolts. As the world is entering the Golden phase of digitalization, Information Security became the foremost concern and challenge [1]. Despite of strict data encrypting/decrypting algorithms such as SHAW 1, RSA the breach in Information Security is still threatened. Over the time we talk about Internet of Things (IoT) Pervasive Computing Ubiquitous Computing which is a distributed environment. Breach at one place will affect the entire system, hence for strengthening the concept of IoT

security stands as the prime pillar. In a recent article of Forbes discusses how increase in the fraudulent cases has threatened retailers and customers in E Commerce. Science and Technology might be at par in doing discoveries but the Nature stands as a powerful paradigm. It shows the solution to all the problems created by the mankind.

This paper discusses the detail concept of Information Security, Nature Inspired Algorithm and how researchers are applying these meta heuristic techniques for the information security specially for the distributed environment.




Cryptography in Wireless Sensor Networks for Security

Himanshu Monga* Jan Nayak Ch. Devi Lal Vidyapeeth College of Engineering, Barnala Road, Sirsa, Haryana, India

ABSTRACT

The future developments of the wireless sensor networks and its applications demands for the

efficient and secure communication. For the solution of efficient and reliable security needs

cryptography algorithms provides good solutions. For providing reliable security schemes

mainly data confidentiality now-a-days key management is used. This paper provides a

review over cryptography schemes being used to deal with security issues of wireless sensor

networks.

Keywords: efficient and reliable security, key management, symmetrical and asymmetrical cryptography, wireless sensor networks

INTRODUCTION

The first section of this paper provides the introductory concepts of WSN, security issues and requirements. The section II reviews the cryptographic techniques. In section III the reviews for asymmetrical cryptography with key management ideas. Section IV contains the current and future work in asymmetrical cryptography and finally this paper is concluded with section V. Wireless Sensor Networks A wireless sensor node contains components like storage, processing, sensing and transmission as their main electronic components [1]. The computational power possessed by these electronic components is generally low, but these electronic devices are the main play contributors for computing. The task of these electronic devices is to collect data in a wireless network and pass the collected data by the network between the connecting nodes which work as collective unit [2]. The WSNs are applicable for monitoring human body organs, environmental monitoring, temperature and humidity controlling, vehicle traffic controlling systems (Adhoc), etc. Figure 1

shows the basic scenario of wireless sensor networks application in which a basic network is used to monitor the type of an application whether human body organ monitoring, Adhoc network, temperature control or any other application by using sensor nodes for proving the desired computational demands.

Fig. 1. Wireless sensor network.




A Survey on Secure Authentication Scheme for VANETs

Dinesh Tiwari1*

, Mayank Bhushan2, Ankit Yadav

2, Aatif jamshed

3

1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, India

2ABES Engineering College, Ghaziabad, UP, India 3Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, UP, India

ABSTRACT

In wireless networks, Vehicular Adhoc Network (VANET), is one of most recent research

area, which is growing day by day. It is utilized to give an efficient Traffic Information

System (TIS), Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), and Life Safety. Authentication is n

developing issue for VANET security. There are many authentication schemes which have

been given for stabilized communication among autonomous entities for efficient, fast,

scalable and reliable data transmission. In current scheme, there is not adopted a real-

life general solution in the worldwide standard for the autonomous mobile node

authentication in VANETs.

This paper gives core idea to understand several authentication schemes based on

Digital Signature algorithms like Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA),

Group Signature, Identiy-based (ID-based) Signature Pseudonym scheme, Public Key

Infrastructure based, TESLA based, etc. Discussion is also based on designing of new

anonymous authentication schemes which are more secure efficient, robust, scalable and

cost effective for VANET authentication and provide real-life general solution match with

the worldwide standard. Keywords: elliptic curve digital signature algorithm, group-based signature, Identity-based (ID-based) signature, vehicular ad hoc network, vehicular communication *Corresponding Author

E-mail: [email protected]

INTRODUCTION Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are also known as mobile ad hoc network (MANETs) in Vehicular Environment (see Figure 1). This means a special class of Wireless network for vehicle that supports intelligent transportations systems (ITS), public safety, traffic information, prevent vehicle accidents, etc. [13, 14, 16].

Fig. 1. Vehicular ad-hoc network.

In VANETs, On Board Unit (OBU), is an electronic device integrated with every vehicle, which facilitates communication with other vehicles and also with the infrastructures in the system. OBU consist of processors, directional antennas, GPS unit and sensors for communication to other vehicles. There are two types of communications as shown in Figure 2 which can be seen in VANETs [13, 14, 16]. • Vehicle to Vehicle communication

(V2V): First mechanism is (V2V), in which a autonomous mobile vehicle stabilized communication to other autonomous




International Journal ofTelecommunications

& Emerging Technologies

IJTET

Jul–Dec 2016

Mechanical Engineering

Chemical Engineering

Architecture

Applied Mechanics

5 more...

1 more...

2 more...2 more...

5 more...

Computer Science and Engineering

Nanotechnology« International Journal of Solid State Materials« International Journal of Optical Sciences

Physics

Civil Engineering

Electrical Engineering

Material Sciences and Engineering

Chemistry

5 more...4 more...

3 more...

Biotechnology

3 more...

Nursing « International Journal of Immunological Nursing« International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing« International Journal of Neurological Nursing« International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing« International Journal of Oncological Nursing

5 more... 4 more...

Subm

it

Your

Article 2

017

www.journalspub.com

eISSN: 2455-0345

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International Journal of Telecommunications & Emerging Technologies (Vol 2 Issue 2)