Introduction of Subject

Road Map

● Traditional Client Server Concept

● Virtual Server Concept

● Cloud Computing

● Virtulization

● Platform as a Service

– Windows Azure Platform Architecture

– Analyzing Windows Azure Operating System● Cloud Application

Traditional Client Server Concept

Traditional Client Server Concept

Virtual Server Concept

Virtual Server Concept

Cloud Computing● Computing is commoditized and delivered in a

manner similar to utilities such as water , electricity etc.

● It turns the vision of “computing utilities” into a reality.

● Users need to pay providers only when they access the computing services.

● In year 1969, Leonard Kleinrock one of the chief scientists of the original ARPANET , said– As of now, computer networks are still in their infancy, but as they grow up and become

sophisticated we will probably see the spread of “computer utilities” which, like present electric and telephone utilities, will service individual homes and offices across the country.

Cloud Computing

● It allows renting infrastructure , runtime environment , and services on a pay-per-use basis.

● It is an effective composition of several technologies– Web 2.0 :-

● brings interactivity and flexibility into web pages.● Web-based access to all the functions that are normally found in

desktop applications.

– Service Orientation Computing :- ● Service as a main building blocks of application and system

development.

– Virtualization :-● Abstraction of some of the fundamental elements for computing

such as h/w , storage etc.

Cloud computing Vision

Define Cloud

● Cloud is used as an abstraction of network/internet in system diagrams.

● Cloud computing is an internet-centric way of computing.

● Internet is represent either the medium or the platform through which cloud computing services are delivered and made accessible.

● Define by Armbrust – Cloud computing refers to both the application delivered as services

over the Internet and the hardware and system in the datacenters that provide those services.

Define Cloud [Cont..]

● Define by U.S National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST)– “Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, on-demand

network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (eg. network , servers , storage , applications , and services ) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.”

● Define by Buyya [utility-oriented nature]– “A cloud is a type of parallel and distributed system consisting of a

collection of interconnected and virtualized computers that are dynamically provisioned and presented as one or more unified computing resources based on service-level agreements established through negotiation between the service provider and consumers.”

Case Study

● Large enterprises can offload some of their activities to cloud-based systems

● Small enterprises and start-ups can afford to translate their ideas into business results more quickly without excessive up-front costs.

● System developers can concentrate on the business logic rather than dealing with the complexity of the infrastructure management and scalability.

● End user can have their documents accessible from everywhere and any device.

Deploying & Accessing Cloud Computing

● Public Clouds -

– Most common deployment models .

– IT infrastructure established by a third-party service provider.

– Available to any consumer on a subscription basis.

– Users data and applications are deployed on cloud datacenters on the vender's premises.

– Examples:-● Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)● Google App Engine● any many more

Deploying & Accessing Cloud Computing [Cont..]

● Private Cloud - – Cloud exists within the boundaries of an organization.

– Large organizations replicating the cloud IT service delivery model in-house.

– Cloud-based in-house solution is also driven by the need to keep confidential information within an organization's premises.

– Example :-● Banks ● Governments● And many more

Deploying & Accessing Cloud Computing [Cont..]

● Hybrid Cloud :-– Both public & private cloud computing

environment are present.

– Private cloud resources are unable to meet user's QoS requirements.

– It partially composed of public cloud resources and privately owned infrastructure.

Diagram

Cloud Reference Model

Characteristics & Benefits

● Increased economical return due to the reduced maintenance costs and operational costs related to IT s/w and infrastructure.

● Minimize capital cost, since they are often associated with depreciable values.

● Maintenance costs are significantly reduced.

● Ease of scalability

● Data and the capability of operating on it always available, from anywhere, at any time, and through multiple devices.

● Service orientation and on-demand access create new opportunities for composing systems and applications.

Core TechnologyInfluence Cloud Computing

● Distributed Systems● Virtualization● Web 2.0● Service Orientation● Utility computing

Distributed System● It is collection of independent computers that

appears to its users as a single coherent system.

● The primary purpose of distrituted systems is to share resources and utilize them better.

● Properties of Distributed System– Heterogeneity

– Openness

– Scalability

– Transparency

– Concurrency

– Continuous Availability

– Independent failure

Three Major Milestones

● Mainframes Computing – large computational power by using multiple processors, which were presented as a single entity to users.

● Cluster Computing – interconnected commodity machines to perform high computational task.

● Grid Computing – aggregation of geographically dispersed clusters by means of internet connection.

Historical Development

Virtualization

● It is a core technology for cloud computing.

● Allowing abstraction of some of the fundamental elements for computing :-

– Hardware

– Runtime Environment

– Storage

– Networking● It is an essential technology for creation of different

computing environment.

● Environment is known as virtual as they simulate the interface that is expected by a guest.

Virtualization

● Types of common virtualization– Hardware

– Storage

– Network

● Virtualization Technology Example– Xen – It is an open-source initiative implementing a

virtualization platform based on paravirtualization.

– KVM -

– VMware -

Cloud Computing Environment

● It is used by application development , Infrastructure and system development.

● Application Development– Dynamically scale on-demand. Ex. Web

Applications

– Resource-intensive applications (data intensive & compute-intensive) Ex. Scientific Applications

● It provide solutions for on-demand and dynamic scaling across the entire stack of computing.

Cloud Computing Environment (Cont.)

● Solutions can be achieved by :-– Methods for renting compute power, storage and

networking.

– Envirnoment designed for scalability and dynamic sizing.

– Mimic the behavior of desktop applications.

Cloud Computing Environment (Cont.)

● Infrastructure and system development– Capabilities to add and remove resources

– It is often summarized as Everything-as-a-Service

– Incomplete

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