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Introduction to open access principles & discussions
Iryna KuchmaOpen Access Programme Manager
Open Access for Sharing Research Output in Tanzania and Beyond Workshop, April 10, 2013
www.eifl.netAttribution 3.0 Unported
EIFL Open Access Programme
Higher visibility & impact of scholarly publications, international co-operation, & community building
510+ OA repositories & 3,400+ OA journals in EIFL partner countries
38 OA policies in the EIFL network that ensure that research funded by institutions is made freely available
“Restrictive access policies drastically reduces readership of electronic research
journal articles. OA provides an environment within which literature and scholarly
research articles are made freely accessible online without license restrictions and without charging users subscription or
access fees. OA is a vital means of dissemination of information which is
crucial for national development and in achieving MDGs, given the crucial role that
information plays in achieving social, economic, cultural and political development.”
Professor Frank Youngman, DVC, University of Botswana
Open access (OA) is free, immediate, online
access to the results of research, coupled with the right to use those
results in new and innovative ways
OA for researchers
increased visibility
usage
& impact for their work
OA for research institutions
publicises institutes’ research strengths providing maximum return on investment
complete record of the research output in easily accessible form
new tools to manage institution's impact
OA for publishers
increased readership & citations visibility & impact
the best possible dissemination service for research
OA for libraries
partnerships with Directors for research, faculty and students to set up OA repositories, to curate research data & to develop OA policies
partnerships with scholarly publishers to publish OA journals & books
partnerships with educators to produce OERs
OA journals
Use a funding model that does not charge readers or their institutions for access.
Users can read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the journal articles.
The benefits of OA
Dr. Paul Nampala (RUFORUM) about African Crop Science Journal he edits:
increased visibility and submissions (increasing number from outside Africa);
cost reduction in publishing (up to 70%);
time saving;
discouragement of plagiarism.
The benefits of OA (2)
Allan Mwesiga (Editor of the Pan African Medical Journal):
an African OA journal can attract large numbers of manuscripts in a very competitive environment
Discussions
Licensing & reuse: We recommend CC-BY or an equivalent license as the optimal license for the publication, distribution, use, and reuse of scholarly workhttp://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/openaccess/boai-10-recommendations
Discussions (2)
Infrastructure & sustainability: Universities and funding agencies should help authors pay reasonable publication fees at fee-based OA journals, and find comparable ways to support or subsidize no-fee OA journalshttp://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/openaccess/boai-10-recommendations
OA repositories
Contain research outputs
Institutional or thematic
Interoperable (OAI-PMH)
Common metadata protocol allows web applications (text and data mining)
Snapshot of publication outputs by discipline
OA repositories (2)
The need to evaluate researchers and departments
As a response to requests from faculty
(“Open Repository Development in Developing and Transition countries” conducted by EIFL and the
University of Kansas Libraries)
OA repositories (3)
Increase impact and usage of institute's research, providing new contacts and research partnerships for authors.
Provide usage statistics showing global interest and value of institutional research.
Open access repositories (4)
FOSS to set up, free technical support.
Low installation and maintenance costs, quick to set up and gain benefits.
Institutions can mandate OA, speeding development.
“Open access to research is a must for the competitiveness
of Europe”Neelie Kroes, the EU Commissioner
for Digital Agenda
10/10/11
From SPARC Europe workshop “How to make your work OA”
Adapted from: John Houghton, Colin Steele and Peter Sheehan, Report to the Department of Education, Science and Training “Research Communication Costs in Australia: Emerging Opportunities and Benefits” [Online] Available at: http://www. dest . gov .au/NR/ rdonlyres /0ACB271F-EA7D-4FAF-B3F7-0381F441B175/13935/DEST_Research_Communications_Cost_Report_Sept2006. pdf
Discussions & RecommendationsTen years on from the Budapest OA Initiative: Setting the default to open
On policyEvery institution of higher education should have a policy assuring that peer-reviewed versions of all future scholarly articles by faculty members are deposited in the institution’s designated repository.
On policy (2)Deposits should be made as early as possible, ideally at the time of acceptance, and no later than the date of formal publication.
On policy (3)
University policies should respect faculty freedom to submit new work to the journals of their choice.
University policies should encourage but not require publication in OA journals, and should help faculty understand the difference between depositing in an OA repository and publishing in an OA journal.
On policy (4)When publishers will not allow OA on the university’s preferred terms, we recommend either of two courses:
The policy may require dark or non-OA deposit in the repository until permission for OA can be obtained.
Or the policy may grant the institution a nonexclusive right to make future faculty research articles OA through the repository (w/without the option for faculty to waive this grant of rights for any given publication).
On policy (5)
Every institution of higher education offering advanced degrees should have a policy assuring that future theses and dissertations are deposited upon acceptance in the institution's OA repository. At the request of students who want to publish their work, or seek a patent on a patentable discovery, policies should grant reasonable delays rather than permanent exemptions.
On policy (6)
Every research funding agency, public or private, should have a policy assuring that peer-reviewed versions of all future scholarly articles reporting funded research are deposited in a suitable repository and made OA as soon as practicable.
On policy (7)Universities with institutional repositories should require deposit in the repository for all research articles to be considered for promotion, tenure, or other forms of internal assessment and review.
Similarly, governments performing research assessment should require deposit in OA repositories for all research articles to be reviewed for national assessment purposes.
Promoting interoperability
The Office of the Publisher at the World Bank is creating a pilot program targeted at exploring interoperability with open access institutional repositories in Africa. The goal of this pilot program is to exchange technical expertise on how the content in a repository can be exposed to be more discoverable and re-usable.
Promoting interoperability (2)
The World Bank is currently looking for institutions that are interested in participating in this pilot program. We impose no restrictions when sharing best practices but we are particularly interested in working with institutions that have an interest in, and produce development knowledge.
Promoting interoperability (3)Contact information:
Paschal Ssemaganda
Electronic Products Specialist,
Office of the Publisher, The World Bank
+1 (202) 473-3587
pssemaganda[@]worldbank.org
http://openknowledge.worldbank.org
http://worldbank.org/publications
Swan, A. (2010) The Open Access citation advantage: Studies and results to date. Technical Report , School of Electronics & Computer Science, University of Southampton: http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/18516/
Swan, A. (2010)
Swan, A.
“My personal belief is that we should be focussing on developing effective and
diverse measures of the re-use of research outputs. By measuring use rather than merely
prestige we can go much of the way of delivering on the so-called impact agenda,
optimising our use of public funds to generate outcomes but while retaining some say over the types of outcomes that are important and what
timeframes they are measured over.”
Cameron Neylon: Warning: Misusing the journal impact factor can damage your science!
http://bit.ly/cbK2DK
re-use in industry
re-use in public health
re-use in education
re-use in policy development & enactment
re-use in research
Cameron Neylon: (S)low impact research and the importance of open in maximising re-use:
http://bit.ly/ntbzQ6
“Access to relevant and timely information is critical to support the
University’s mission of teaching, learning, research and the managerial functions of the University. Access to
information is also an essential condition for the economic and social
development of the country. Open access will enhance access to local
content and this goal can only be achieved through collaborative
efforts.” Professor Kamau Ngamau, Dean Faculty of Agriculture, JKUAT
“One of the key pillars of the University of Botswana new strategic
plan “Strategy for excellence” is “Research Intensification”. OA will help the University of Botswana,
Government, and research institutions to achieve this pillar by ensuring
online accessibility to public funded research output that can be freely
shared by everyone, enhance research quality, and improve visibility of the institution and the nation globally.”
Prof. Frank Youngman, DVC, University of Botswana
Discussions: Is OA on the agenda at the AU?
Is the issue of Open Access to information through libraries part of business for the African Union (AU) when it comes to assessing countries’ performance under the African Peer Review Mechanisms (APRM)?
(Matseliso M. (Tseli) Moshoeshoe-Chadzingwa, National University of
Lesotho, EIFL country coordinator in Lesotho and EIFL Advisory
Board member)
Discussions: UNESCO-ASSAf-EIFL OA workshop
Recommendations:
Capacity building: OA publishing and OA repositories, copyright management
Advocacy campaigns for regulatory policy frameworks – Require open access to publicly funded research – explore possibilities of OA mandates
Discussions: CODIST II
“OA technologies could benefit Africa” (pre-event of the Second Session of the Committee on Development Information (CODIST II): the workshop “Promoting Innovation Development and Diffusion in Africa through OA Publishing”, in May 2011 at the Economic Commission for Africa (ECA).
Delegates examined ways to improve knowledge sharing in Africa and to remove existing barriers.
Discussions: CODIST II (2)
Participants recommended that Member States should adopt appropriate OA policies and that the ECA should take the leadership in these activities.“OA is a new way of publishing and of sharing information in the 21st century. Everyone has a role to play in knowledge development and content sharing and everyone can make an impact”, said Irene Onyancha, ECA’s Chief Librarian.
How OA benefits your work and careerDistribution and usage
Immediate access to your research output for everyone upon official publication
More visibility & usage
Immediate impact of your work
Intensification of research through fast dissemination and use of research;
Possibly a citation advantage as well
How OA benefits your work and career (2)
Plus:
Monitoring of your research output
Preservation of your research output by your library
Keep your rights instead of signing them away
“Michael Faraday’s advice to his junior colleague to: “Work. Finish. Publish.” needs to be revised. It shouldn’t be enough to publish a paper anymore. If we want open science to flourish, we should raise our expectations to: “Work. Finish. Publish. Release.” That is, your research shouldn’t be considered complete until the data and meta-data is put up on the web for other people to use, until the code is documented and released, and until the comments start coming in to your blog post announcing the paper. If our general expectations of what it means to complete a project are raised to this level, the scientific community will start doing these activities as a matter of course.”
(What, exactly, is Open Science? by Dan Gezelter: http://www.openscience.org/blog/?p=269)
What research directors can do to promote OA?
Introduce OA polices
Transform the TA journals into OA journals
Set-up OA repositories
Spread a word about OA
What libraries can do to promote OA?Set-up OA repositories
Help researchers and students to self-archive
Help to publish OA journals and create open educational resources
Help in OA data curation and sharing
Spread a word about OA
