Joseph Allen Stein

Submitted to Ar. Preeti bhatia.

Submitted by Gaurav bhattB.Arch (3 year)1461567.

Joseph Allen Stein

• Joseph Stein, (10 April 1912 – 6 October 2001)• He was an American architect.• Major figure in the establishment of a regional

modern architecture in the San Francisco Bay area in the 1940s and 1950s during the early days of the environmental design movement.

• In 1952 he moved to India.• He is noted for designing several important

buildings in India, most notably in Lodhi Estate in Central Delhi, nicknamed "Steinabad“.

• After him, and where today the 'Joseph Stein Lane', is the only road in Delhi named after an architect.

• The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian award of Padma Shri in 1992.

BIOGRAPHY• Joseph Allen Stein was born on 10 April 1912,

in Omaha, Nebraska.• He studied architecture at the University of

Illinois, in Paris and the Cranbrook Academy of Art.

• He worked for Eli Jacques Kahn in New York and with Richard Neutra in Los Angeles, before establishing his own practice in San Francisco.

• In San Francisco, he designed modest homes in the California style, but also became increasingly interested in the issues of low cost housing.

• In 1952 he moved to India, and became head of the department of architecture at the Bengal Engineering College in Calcutta.

• He worked in New Delhi from 1955 onwards, starting with another American architect, Benjamin Polk and even after retirement in 1995, continued to design for the architecture firm he founded.

• Over the year, he brought in 'California modernism' to several buildings he designed and working classes.

philosophy

• Mr. Stein brought a california modernism sensitivity to the country. His approach is called modern regionalism.

• According to him “regional without modern is reactionary, and modern without regional is insensitive, inappropriate.”

Which means…….

• Building should reflect the culture and tradition of its region through its design and materials.

EXAMPLES

Critical Regionalism in architecture

• In the early 20th century came the intellectual movement of Modernism, which was all about rationality, logic and efficiency. Slogans like "less is more" and "form follows function" originated in this era of design.

• In the field of architecture, all forms of ornamentation were seen as wasteful, decadent, and generally useless 

• This style became known as the International Style.

• Because it was generic and universal, and could be built anywhere in the world regardless of context.

Postmodernism. •  After Modernism settled into

the mainstream and the International Style became the dominant architectural style throughout the world.

• People began to realize that these rational, identity-less modernist buildings were extremely boring.

• A new school of thought emerged as a reaction to this boringness: Postmodernism. 

• This new movement celebrated ornament as essential to architecture, and postmodern designers freely combined decorative elements from all eras and styles to create chaotic, colorful and whimsical buildings.

philosophy• His second guiding factor was to seek

the character of the solution in the nature of the problem.`

• how building related to the

site.”

philosophy

• Mr Stein’s designs were modernistic, but inspired by India’s past.

• He was good at working with local materials, be it granite or glazed tiles, both influences of Tughlaq architecture. He also used jalis in most of his works.

• In the wider landscape of nature, he used local materials where he tried to merge his buildings with nature

philosophy• He typically designed two-

to four-storey buildings that fused with the surrounding trees, gardens and pools; flowers and vines would spill over the walls.

• He would have vertical gardens, courtyards covered with trees and plants, ponds blooming with lotuses, and vast landscaped lawns. He was described as “building in the garden”.

His thoughts:-• Two things have essentially guided my work.

One is what you might call an interest in and search for an appropriate modern regionalism. I would put equal emphasis on both words, 'regional' and 'modern', because regional without modern is reactionary, and modern without regional is insensitive, inappropriate. The second one is to seek the character of the solution in the nature of the problem, as much as one possibly can.

• - J A Stein

Design Features:-

• Interrelationships of site with landscape, structure and materials; sun and shade.

• Horizontal and vertical Garden. • Use of local material.• Use of jali.• Use of courtyard. Blend of built and garden

that makes the space extended.• Use of modern construction techniques.• Shell geometries – Dome, Vault and factory

roof system.

Design Features:-• Interrelationships of site with landscape,

structure and materials; sun and shade.

Design Features:-

• Horizontal and vertical Garden.

Design Features:-(meterials)

• Use of local material.• granite or glazed tiles, • Exposed brickwork• Precast concrete panels• Local stone• Cast concrete jalis. • Blue and green ceramic tiles `

Design Features:-• Use of jali.• Use of courtyard. Blend of built and

garden that makes the space extended.

Design Features:-• Use of modern construction

techniques.• Shell geometries – Dome, Vault and

factory roof system

Hyperbolic parabolic lattice shellBarrel vault lattice shell

Octagonal steel lattice domes,

Popular Buildings

• American international school• Gandhi-King Plaza• Triveni Kala Sangam.• Indian express tower• Lodhi Estate.• Ford foundation head quarters• UNICEF building• India international centre• India Habitat centre

INDIA INTERNATIONAL CENTRE

INDIA INTERNATIONAL CENTRE

• IIC facilities for a variety of artistic and scholarly activities, conference and symposia organized by nation and international groups.

• The centre’s 18600 square meter(4.6acres) site at Lodi estate was designed

• so that the grounds of the IIC and adjacent Lodi gardens could function as one entity.

PLAN• The first, or entrance court, provides

access on the north side to the guest room• On the south to the auditorium and

programmed block of library and offices .

N

• Passing through the portico ,the visitor enters into the main courtyard and then into the gardens of the ,which the rear and the north of the sides of the site.

N

• The guest –room wing has also been given a curved form which approaches and then recedes away from the Lodi gardens site boundary.

• The surrounding north wing of services and the west wing of the guest –rooms have been raised up on piers, bringing the Lodi tombs into framed view and creating a large verandah beneath.

N

COURTYARD AND GARDENS• The India international centre

is conceived as design of interrelated interior and shaded space courtyards and gardens.

• Each courtyard and garden at the IIC has a difference function and aspect.

CONSTRUCTION• The construction

methods and procedures employed in the building of the India international centre were typical of the methods and skill levels available in India at the time of construction(1958-62).

• The pre-casting of some of the elements on the ground was undertaken in order to ensure high –quality construction, both in terms of structural integrity and finish.

• The IIC is virtually a hand-made building.

India habitat centre

Introduction• It is a complex of

institutional and office spaces , conferences and library facility for groups involved with environment and habitat issues

• The concept of IHC is based on environmental and regional planning energy and its judicious use, relevance of technology, transport and communication, lifestyle social and cultural linkage, fiscal policies, legal and management system and information technology

SITE LAYOUT

There are 5 main building blocks

which are interconnected by means of aerial walkways.

There is also a basement floor for parking of around 1000 cars.

The external facade is in a language of exposed red brick, exposed concrete and glass.

GROUND FLOOR PLAN OF IHC

• The centre groups a significant number of plots together, so that requirements such as food service ,

• Car parking and meeting facilities can be solved mutually

• Building are grouped around climate temperate courts

• shade by overhead sun screens and enlivened by vertical gardens

• The courts are elevated on plinth over a car parking so that a series of pleasant civic spaces for pedestrians are created

• These spaces become semi enclosed atrium like areas suitable for a variety of functions including exhibitions , displays and conferences

DESIGN REVIEW :

• The whole complex consists of five main building blocks. The heights of the buildings are 30m, interconnected by aerial walkways.

• The entire facade is cladded with exposed red bricks work gives a majestic look.

• Use of shading devices (Truss) reflects back 70% of the summer heat. It is designed as a space frame structure with blue reflectors that can be aligned providing shade during summer and allows winter sun to enter.

• The building blocks being separated create interesting courtyards landscaped with walkways.

• Use of horizontal and vertical ribbon windows having slots in them for plantation purpose.

• The interesting glass/steel structure (Ventilation Shafts/ Sky Lights) near the second entrance provides natural light to the underground parking area.

• Walls are cladded with Beautiful textured surface with stone chips and cement, joins additional feature on walls.

• The glass fiber/steel structure standing upon concrete pillars, gives attractive look to the Semi spherical dome.

• Solar panels are provided for lighting purposes inside the gardens, it makes building energy efficient and environment friendly.

• Well designed drainage system eliminates use of rainwater pipes and adds to the beauty of the structure.

• Triangular bricks work at

• outside the Gulin Tower provides ventilation and aesthetic view to the structure.

CONCLUSION:• The India Habitat Centre was

conceived to provide a physical environment which would serve as a catalyst for synergetic relationship between individuals and institutions working in diverse habitat related areas and therefore, maximize their total effectiveness.

• The principal resolve of the centre – “to restore at every level – environment and ecological , a balanced, harmonious and improved way of life”, is to be reflected in its concept & design .

TRIVENI KALA SANGAM

Founded in 1952 as an academy of dance, music and painting.

Triveni Garden Theatre

RESIDENCESMUSIC ROOMS

DANCE ROOMS

ART GALLERIES

OPEN LANDSCAPED COURTYARD

CAFETERIA

SEMI-OPEN ART GALLERY

Clad reinforced concrete frame structure with several infill materials: jaali panels along the classroom block corridor and stairs, concrete block with a plastered finish and rough-cut stone facing presented to the street.

Jaali detail in the courtyard

Entrance

Triveni Garden Theatre Jaali detail in the courtyard

• Joseph Allen Stein

• An American Architect who made India his home…….

• Thank you all.

Thank you all