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Enhancing the quality of primary education
‘Engineering’ the primary education in India
Neeraj Babu C, Apurv Mittal, Anjaly T R, Roshan Sivanesh, Manu Velayudhan
IIT Bombay, Mumbai
Team Jyothirgamaya:
The primary education system in India fails to build the foundational skills in students
Percentage of Std V students enrolled in government schools unable to read Std II textbook
44.00%
46.00%
48.00%
50.00%
52.00%
54.00%
56.00%
58.00%
60.00%
2010 2011 2012
The concerns : A) Reading levels and arithmetic skills of students are a serious concern.
• More than half of std V students are at least 3 grades behind where they should be.
Hypothesis:
• Large student teacher ratio causing less individual attention.
• Poor quality of teachers
B) Lack of exposure to libraries, science labs, computer labs and language labs.
• Almost all the primary schools follow a textbook centered pedagogy.
• 24% of primary schools don’t have a library.
Hypothesis:
• Teachers lack time and motivation to learn technology skills.
• Lack of infrastructure.
C) The quality of mid-day meal is very poor
• Lack of nutrition
Hypothesis:
• Lack of proof/ concrete data to prove that quality is low.
• No committee to question and keep a check.
• No feedback to government.
Source: ASER 2012 main findings
Tapping the potential of educated youth of the nation to address the challenges of primary education
Solution 1 in a nutshell: • Every 2nd year undergraduate student of engineering colleges will be assisting in
pedagogy of the primary students. This will be mandatory for the fulfillment of their degree course.
• Undergraduate students will teach in alotted primary schools every Saturday in a supplementary role.
• A centralized, state level, online allotment scheme which assigns a particular
school, grade and subject according to the preference of the college student to be setup.
• A goal based curriculum guideline to be developed by NCERT. Performance of the primary school students will be evaluated at the end of the academic session based on this guideline and the ‘visiting tutors’ will be graded based on their student’s performance.
• Feedback of mid-day meal scheme to be given by these ‘visiting tutors’ to their college which uploads it in an online repository.
• Large impact on quality of primary education with least capital investment by
roping competent youth. • Improving the student-teacher ratio thus ensuring better attention to students. • A fool proof mechanism to monitor food quality of mid-day meal scheme.
Engineering college students as ‘visiting tutors’
Implementation model
Advantages over existing system
Leveraging the infrastructure of schools during vacations
Solution 2 in a nutshell:
• 3 week internships / exposure to good quality infrastructure like
library, lab facilities, study materials in centrally funded schools like Kendriya Vidyalayas and Navodayas during 2/3 month vacation period.
• The target group is the students of std V to VIII from schools which are deprived of above mentioned infrastructure.
• Demonstration and hands on sessions in science / math labs under supervision of school teachers.
• These students will be introduced to various extra curricular activities by utilizing resources available in the host schools.
• Exposure to good quality teaching environment and tools responsible for the overall growth of the student without incurring any major expenses.
Utilizing the infrastructure of schools during vacation
Implementation model
Advantages over existing system
Rationale of choosing Engineering students
• Large distribution of engineering colleges across the country and talent pool of over 14 lakh available
• Proficiency in basic skillsets like arithmetic, reading skills with exposure to use of technology in education
Method of Training and Allotment
• A web Interface for allotment of tutors based on preferences of school, class and subject submitted online
• Training programs to be organized during the semester break before the commencement of the programme in respective colleges based on guidelines issued by NCERT
Development of Curriculum Guideline
• A modular curriculum guideline to be developed by NCERT defining the basic skillset to be developed in students for each subject at every grade level
• Curriculum guide will be followed across the country across education boards • Visiting tutors have to ensure the fulfillment of this goal
Implementation Model of Teaching and Evaluation
• A subject will be divided among a pool of visiting tutors, who will have to ensure that the basic skill sets are attained as per the guideline
• These tutors will maintain a slow pace for teaching so that even the weakest of the students are taken care of
• Question papers to test the basic skills will be developed by state boards based on the guidelines from NCERT
• The tutor will be graded on the performance of the students in her/his class
Mid day meal scheme quality check
• These tutors need to review the mid day meal scheme and other infrastructure based on standard metric developed by the state committee which will be kept confidential
• This review needs to be uploaded in an online repository by the college of the tutor • Monthly evaluation of this repository by FQM Team of the state committee and actions to
be taken accordingly
‘Engineering’ primary education - The roadmap to policy implementation of our solution
Schools with excellent infrastructure will open up their gates for students of schools with inadequate facilities
Implementation model
• The national level committee for the programme issues guidelines for opening up the infrastructure of KVs and Navodayas to the upper primary students of schools lacking infrastructure
• The list of primary schools with limited infrastructure will be available with the state committees
• Internship programs will be floated for 2 to 3 weeks during which the students can utilize the facilities of the host school
• Teachers of the host schools will conduct the workshops / internships which will widen the student’s horizons in pursuit of knowledge
Training methods Internships will be aimed on - • Familiarization with labs and conducting basic science / math experiments • Exposure to extra curricular activities • Vocational training
Management Mapping
MHRD
CENTRAL COMMITEE
STATE COMMITEE
General Education Dept. Technical Education Dept. (DTE)
DEO Engineering Colleges
Schools
CBSE/NCERT
Schools managed by Central government
• Creation of management committees for the programme at central and state level
• Central committee to interact with MHRD, CBSE/NCERT, state committee and the schools managed by Central government for policy implementation
• State committee to implement the programme at the state level
The organization team consists of a central body of 19 members and each state body having 17 members
w
CHAIR PERSON
MEDIA TEAM
2 FTEs
IT TEAM
4 FTEs
LOGISTICS TEAM
3 FTEs
FINANCE TEAM
3 FTEs
COORDINATION TEAM
6 FTEs
L
CHAIR PERSON
FOOD QUALITY MANAGEMENT TEAM
3 FTEs
IT DEPT
4 FTEs
LOGISTICS TEAM
3 FTEs
FINANCE TEAM
3 FTEs
COORDINATION TEAM
3 FTEs
Central Committee
State Committee
Media campaigns, PRO, corporate interactions
IT infrastructure like databases, websites
Transportation, Office management, Logistics management
Fund management Coordination between NCERT, Central school managements in various activities
Complaints from midday meal scheme and redressal
IT infrastructure like databases, websites, online allotment system
Transportation, Office management, Logistics management
Fund management
Coordination between technical education and school education dept. to implement various activities
This organization model will require around INR 60 Cr. Per annum as funding from government
An
nu
al O
per
atio
nal
Co
sts
Organization costs
Central Chair Person
(1 FTE * 10 lakh p.a )
Central Team (18 FTE * 6lakh p.a)
State Team
(16 FTE* 5lakh p.a* 34)
State Chair Person
( 1FTE * 8 lakh p.a *34)
Technology costs IT Hardware & Maintenance
Software and Maintenance
Logistics costs
Allowances to Students
Incentives to performing schools
Funding for teacher training
Establishment Costs
3.11 Cr. INR per annum
50 Cr. INR per
annum
3 Cr INR per
annum
The program will impact lives of 135 million primary school students and create 14.7 lakh teachers every year!!
IMPACT
• Improvement of fundamental skills of students like reading, arithmetic at primary level
• Ensuring maintenance of adequate infrastructure in school and quality of mid-day meal
• Significant improvement in student - teacher ratio
• Access to better infrastructure like libraries and labs for students
• Large pool of talented, knowledgeable and young teachers created
• Social connectivity and student community interaction creating more young leaders
REACH
• 6,58,871 govt. primary schools and 135 million children studying there benefited across India
• 14,73,727 teachers created throughout the nation
• Reaching across India in all states, districts and gram panchayats
Key challenges faced by the policy and it’s mitigation factors
Challenges & Implementation Risks 1. College students may not be well equipped with
the prescribed teaching standards 2. Feedback related to Mid day meal scheme and
infrastructure can be subjective 3. Allocation of schools located far from the
visiting tutor’s college can cause difficulties in transportation and will require funding to meet the tutor’s expense 4. Access to schools in far flung tribal areas is challenging 5. Opening up of infrastructure may incur operational costs to the host schools
Mitigation Factors 1. Design of good quality teacher
training programs for college students
2. Development of standard metrics to grade the mid day meal scheme and the school infrastructure
3. Mechanism to reimburse travel expenses to the students, if needed
4. Clusters of tribal schools should be taken for internships
5. Incentives for the host schools to meet their operational costs during vacations
1. Annual report of statistics of school education ,2011 – MHRD 2. Annual report 2012 – AICTE 3. National Curriculum Framework – 2005 4. Inside primary schools – Pratham foundation 5. Annual status of education report 2012 – Pratham foundation 6. http://mhrd.gov.in/schooleducation\ 7. http://www.education.com/ on 3rd Sept. 2013 8. http://dfpd.nic.in/ on 3rd Sept 2013