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metals and extraction
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Why do you think I’ve put carbon in
the series??
Last lesson
• Displacement reactions of ions in solution
Displacement reactions
zinc magnesium copper lead
Zinc sulphate X X XMagnesium sulphate X X X XCopper sulphate XLead nitrate X X
A more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from solution
Iron(s) + silver nitrate(aq) silver(s) + iron nitrate(aq)
Can you copy carefully please?
Today’s lesson
• Extraction of metals from their ores related to the reactivity series
• Uses and properties of metals
Ores
Most metals are found naturally in rocks called ores. They are in compounds, chemically bonded to other elements
iron ore
Native
Some unreactive metals can be found as elements. They are called native metals.
Roasting
Some unreactive metals can be extracted from a compound simply by heating. This is called roasting.
More reactive metals?
• Zinc, iron, tin, lead
Extracting metals with carbon
Carbon is higher than some metals in the reactivity series. It can be used to extract medium reactive metals.
Extracting metals with carbon
lead oxide + carbon lead + carbon dioxide
2PbO(s) + C(s) 2Pb(s) + CO2(g)
Extracting metals with carbon
lead oxide + carbon lead + carbon dioxide
2PbO(s) + C(s) 2Pb(s) + CO2(g)
carbon is oxidised
lead oxide is reduced
The Blast furnace
1000°C
1500°C
1900°C
Iron ore (haematite), coke (carbon) and limestone (calcium carbonate)
Hot waste gases (recycled to heat furnace)
Blasts of hot airBlasts of hot air
Molten iron
YouTube - Steelmaking: Blast Furnace
More reactive metals?
Electrolysis of aluminium oxide
CO2
Let’s extract a metal!
Carbon + copper oxide copper + carbon dioxide
Let’s extract a metal!
TEST next Friday 9th October on the “metals” topic
(everything we have done so far except Space and gravity)
Uses of metals
Gold
Unreactive, malleable and a good conductor of electricity
Jewelry, wires in computers, gold leaf
Aluminium
Light, and a very unreactive oxide layer forms over the reactive metal means it does not corrode
Aircraft, cars, cutlery etc.
Steel (mainly iron)
Strong, fairly cheap.
Building
Copper
Ductile, unreactive and a good conductor
Saucepans, wires etc.
Let’s go for a walk!
Looking for uses of metals