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Dr. Ambika Jawalkar
COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
The circulating blood is composed of plasma and cells.
The cells are red cells (or erythrocytes), white cells (or leukocytes) and platelets.
LEUKOCYTES
GENERAL FEATURES OF
LEUKOCYTES
mobile units of the body’s protective
system
formed partially in the bone marrow and
partially in the lymph tissue
transported in the blood to different parts
of the body where they are needed
have a special ability to “seek out and
destroy” a foreign invader
TYPES OF WBC
Granulocytes
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
Agranulocytes
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
LEUCOPOIESIS
(GENESIS OF WBC)
SITES OF HAEMOPOIESIS
Yolk sac
Liver and spleen
Bone marrow Gradual
replacement of active (red) marrow by inactive (fatty) tissue
Expansion can occur during increased need for cell production
LIFE SPAN Granulocytes – 4 to 8 hours in circulation
and another 4 to 5 days in tissues where
they are needed.
Monocytes have a transit time of 10 to 20
hours in circulation and once enter the
tissues they transform into tissue
macrophages and can live for months
Lymphocytes can live for weeks to
months when they are continually
circulate through lymph nodes and other
lymphatic tissue
The adult
human being
has about
4000 – 11,000
white blood
cells per
microliter of
blood
NEUTROPHIL
Neutral loving
Nucleus has 2-5 lobes connected by thin
strands of nuclear material
Often called polymorphoneuclear
leukocyes (PMNs)
Azurophilic granules
Participate in cellular immunity
through phagocytosis
EOSINOPHIL
Eosin- loving
Bilobed nucleus
Contain large coarse orange-red granules
Involved in allergic reactions and
parasitic infestations
BASOPHIL
Basic- loving
Nucleus has two lobes
Blue - purple colored granules that
obscure the nucleus
Involved in hypersensitivity
reactions
LYMPHOCYTE
Dark colored round or slightly intended
nucleus
Rim of cytoplasm
Large lymphocytes (10-14 μ)
Small lymphocytes (6-9 μ)
Involed in production of
antibodies
MONOCYTE
Largest blood cell (12-20μ )
Has kidney shaped or horse-shoe shaped
nucleus
Cytoplasm is blue-grey and has foamy
appearance
Migrate to tissues and transform
into macrophages
Involved in phagocytosis,
& antigen processing
REVIEW
REVIEW
WHY TO KNOW ABOUT
LEUKOCYTES ?
WHAT NEXT ???
IMMUNITY Immunity is the body’s ability to resist or
eliminate potentially harmful foreign materials or abnormal cells.
Leukocytes and their derivatives, along with a variety of plasma proteins, make up the immune system, an internal defense system that recognizes and either destroys or neutralizes materials within the body that are foreign to the “normal self.”
