1. LINUX WORKSHOP 20th - 25th January IIT Kanpur Abhishek Srivastava (http://nitabhi.wordpress.com) YEINDIA (www.yeindia.org)

2. Introduction to vi 3. vi text editor : Two Modes of VI Insert Mode Command Mode Simple VI Commands a,i ,o enter into insert modeA,I,O enter into insert mode(different from above) h,j,k,l cursor movement u undo or redo the last change Dw, d$, 3dd for deletion of word or line p or P for pastingw write wq write and quite q! quite without making changes 4. LINUX SHELL The Linux shell refers to a special program that allows you to interact with it by entering certain commands from the keyboard; the shell will execute the commands and display its output on the monitor.(That is standard output device) Different types of SHELL bashGNU Bourne-Again Shell ksh Kourne Shell shSimple shell (command interpreter) BASH:Bash is a free software Unix shell written for the GNU Project. Its name is an acronym which stands for Bourne-again shell. 5. Searching for a file: locate find files by name Find search for files in a directory hierarchy Note : Difference between both is that , locate finds filesusing locate database (if it exists) and therefor it ismuch faster. Whereas find search for a file or directory in present working directory. Usage: locate [options] pattern find ~ -iname file.txt find ~ -name file.txt Note : -maxdepth (optional argument for find command) 6. Printing a matching pattern:grep It print lines matching a pattern. Syntax : grep [Options] PATTERN [FILE..]Example: grep capacity: /proc/acpi/battery/C245/info Optional Parameters : -i , -w , -c , -n 7. SSH (OpenSSH SSH client)

Used to connect remotely(remote login) to a computer.

8. Provide secure encrypted communications between two untrusted hosts over an insecure network. Syntax: ssh username@server [-p port] Additional Arguments: -4Forces ssh to use IPv4 addresses only. -6Forces ssh to use IPv6 addresses only. Note : ssh exits with the exit status of the remote command or with 255 if an error occurred. 9. SCP (secure copy (remote file copy program))

Copiesfiles between hosts on a network.

10. It uses ssh for data transfer, and uses the same authenticationand provides the same security as ssh. Syntax: scp user1@server1:filepath1 user2@server2:filepath2 Additional Arguments: -4Forces ssh to use IPv4 addresses only. -6Forces ssh to use IPv6 addresses only. -C Compression enable Note :The scp utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs. 11. Process and Handling Processes in LINUX A process is a program in execution. It consists of the executing program code, a set of resources such as open files, internal kernel data, an address space, one or more threads of execution and a data section containing global variables. ps show information about a selection of the active processes. Shows information of PID , TTY , TIME , CMD PID : process ID TTY : terminal TIME : time to complete the command CMD : command executed 12. Examples of ps command (optional arguments): ps -ag To get information about all running process. ps aux To display the owner of the processes along with the processes. ps ax | grep process_name pstree Display a tree of all processes running. top T o see currently running processes and otherinformation like memory and CPU usage with realtime updates. Note:To exit from top command press q. 13. Kill Cancels a job.(Sends a signal to a process) Syntax: kill [-s] %pid -sSpecify the signal to send Examples: kill -9 pid 14. Introduction to GUI

Desktop Environments

Gnome/KDE

Text Editors

Gedit

Shell

Terminal

Changing System Properties

Basic Properties (Display,Appearance,Default Applications)

15. Proxy Settings Installing/Un installing any packages

UBUNTU Package manager

16. Software Installations 17. Using Package Manager System --> Administration --> Package Manager Note :Software Sources, are the servers from where package manager searches for the package we are going to install. Using Source Code 18. Different UtilitiesSYNAPTIC MANAGER Graphical management of software packages Command: synaptic aptitude High-level interface to the package manager Command: aptitude apt-get Package handling utility Command: apt-get dpkg Install debian/ubuntu binary packages (.deb) Command: dpkg 19. ALL Slides are uploaded@http://www.slideshare.net/geekab Thanks