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COXIAL CABLE• All the conductor and wire shares the common excess
• Older tech, isn’t used that much
Central Conductor
Insulating Sheets
Binder
Single Braid
Jacket
RG-59RG-58 RG-6
Computer Networking
Cable TV Satellite TV
• F – Type Connector• Connect the back of the television set
or to the receiver.
• Advantages • Resist to EMI
(Electromagnetic Interference)
• Resistance to physical damage
• Disadvantages• Expensive • Not support fast networking
standard (10Mbps)
TWISTED PAIR CABLE (Unshielded)• Compose of pairs of copper wire, usually consist of 4 to 8 wires• Widely implemented • Support by widely variety of networking standard : Ethernet , Token Ring
Plastic PVC • Inner Connector• Copper Wire• 22, 24 gauge
• When the current past any wind copper wire, electromagnetic field wire is created called EMI
• Twist the wire together so the EMI emits cancel each other
• The tighter the twist, the less EMI experience, hence the faster the transfer data
RJ - 45RJ - 11
NetworkTelephone
Categories Characteristics
CAT 3 • Older• 10 to 16 Mbps
CAT 5 • 100 / 1000 Mbps• Widely implemented
CAT 5e • Enhance of CAT 5• Better crosstalk protection• Up to 10 000Mbps
CAT 6 • Fast broadband connection
Advantages • Flexible• Easy to work with• Inexpensive• Support modern fast standard
Disadvantages• Accept EMI from each other • Accept EMI from other surrounding• Susceptible to eavesdrop
• Shielded Twisted Pair – Reduce the amount of Electromagnetic Interference emits and absorb
Jaket
Protective Layer
Cladding
Central Core(Glass / Plastic )
• Transfer light signal instead of electrical signal• The transferred light represented as binary form• Both ends have light sensitive devices that transfer the light into digital form to process my computer
Help the light rays stay into the central core by bouncing back
Single - Mode Multi - Mode
Transfer light at single ray mode
Very, very long data transmission
Very thin core (10 Microns)
The light always stay at the centre of the core and doesn't
bounce back
Transfer light at multi ray mode
Light dispersed as the data travel, thus data can’t travel
long
Thick core (50 – 100 Microns)
The light always bounce around, cladding help the light
to stay makes the light dispersed
Advantages• Immune to EMI• Not use electrical signal, thus data transfer can’t eavesdrop•Support high data transfer rate at long distance
Disadvantages• Very, very expensive• Not flexible• Easy to break• Hard to configure
Wireless Communications Wireless networks are becoming
increasingly popular, and they utilize a different type of technology.
To receive the signals from the access point, a PC or laptop needs to install a wireless adapter card, or wireless network interface card (NIC).
Wireless Access Points
Wireless signals are electromagnetic waves that can travel through the vacuum of outer space and through a medium such as air.
Electromagnetic Spectrum You can differentiate electromagnetic
waves by their frequency. Low-frequency electro-magnetic waves
have a long wavelength while high-frequency electromagnetic waves have a short wavelength.