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Connecting with Oregon’s Connected Vehicle Future
Transportation & Communities SummitPresented by:
Jon Makler, Planning ManagerODOT Region 1
September, 2015
Increase Understanding
Identify Opportunities
for Action
Create a Foundation for
Automated Future
2
Intermodal Oregon: CAV Initiative
3
Lanterne RougeOr
Automating• Transmission• Cruise control• Windshield wipers• Parallel Parking• …• Self-Driving Cars
Connecting• Cars that “talk”• Cars that “listen”• Driver still operates
Connected vs. Automated CarsThe driver is the difference
All vehicles, regardless of type, will communicate with each other using a wireless technology called Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC).
DSRC
NHTSA has initiated rulemaking to require all new passenger cars and light duty trucks to include DSRC.
J2735 Basic Safety Message(10 times per second)
Basic Safety Message
Temporary ID Speed
Time Heading
Latitude Acceleration
Longitude Brake System Status
Elevation Vehicle Size
Active Safety Latency Requirements (sec)
Traffic Signal Violation Warning 0.1Curve Speed Warning 1.0Emergency Electronic Brake Lights 0.1Pre-Crash Sensing 0.02Cooperative Forward Collision Warning
0.1
Left Turn Assistant 0.1Lane Change Warning 0.1Stop Sign Movement Assistance 0.1
Note: y-axis not to scale for illustration purposesData source: Vehicle Safety Communications Project – Final Report
Late
ncy
(in
seco
nds)
Most Stringent Latency Requirement for Active Safety (0.02 sec)
Least Stringent Latency Requirement for Active Safety (1.0 sec)
Communications Technologies
.02
5.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
10204060
4.0WiFi 802.11(3–5 sec)
Terrestrial Digital Radio &Satellite Digital Audio Radio(10 – 20 sec)
WiMax(1.5 – 3.5 sec)
Bluetooth(3–4 sec)
Two-Way Satellite(60+ sec)
5.9 GHz DSRC (0.0002 sec)
Cellular(1.5 – 3.5 sec)
.01
Communications Technologies
Not all connected vehicle communications have the same requirements.
Cellular and WiFicommunications might also be effective for less frequent messages or non safety critical applications.
Connected Vehicles and Travelers
“Here I Am” / Where’s My Bus/Carpool?
latitude, longitude, time, heading angle, speed, lateral acceleration, longitudinal acceleration, yaw rate,
throttle position, brake status, steering angle, headlight status, wiper status, external temperature,
turn signal status, vehicle length, vehicle width, vehicle mass, bumper height
1955 Signals
805 ITS Equipment + 22 Weigh Stations
500 and 1000 ft diameter buffers
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10% of road network and 40% of VMT are within 1000 feet of ODOT traffic devices.
V2I Safety Environment Mobility
Agency Data
V2V Safety
Road Weather
Smart Roadside
CONNECTED VEHICLE APPLICATIONSSignal Phase & Timing (SPAT)Red Light Violation/Driver Gap WarningCurve Speed WarningStop Sign Violation/Gap AssistSpot Weather Impact WarningPedestrian WarningRailroad Crossing WarningDisabled/Oversized Vehicle Warning
Emergency Electronic Brake Lights (EEBL)Forward Collision Warning (FCW)Intersection Movement Assist (IMA)Left Turn Assist (LTA)Blind Spot/Lane Change Warning (BSW/LCW)Do Not Pass Warning (DNPW)Vehicle Turning Right in Front of Bus Warning
Probe-based Pavement MaintenanceProbe-enabled Traffic MonitoringVehicle Classification Traffic StudiesCV-enabled Performance MeasuresCV-enabled Turning/Intersection AnalysisCV-enabled O-D StudiesWork Zone Traveler Information
Eco-Approach/Departure IntersectionsEco-Traffic Signal TimingEco-Traffic Signal PriorityConnected Eco-DrivingWireless Inductive/Resonance ChargingEco-Lanes ManagementEco-Speed HarmonizationEco-Cooperative Adaptive Cruise ControlEco-Traveler InformationEco-Ramp MeteringLow Emissions Zone ManagementAFV Charging/Fueling InformationEco-Smart ParkingDynamic Eco-RoutingEco-ICM Decision Support SystemDynamic Emissions Pricing
Motorist Advisories & Warnings (MAW)Enhanced Maintenance Decision SupportVehicle Data TranslatorWeather Response Traffic Info (WxTINFO)
Advanced Traveler Information System (EnableATIS)Multimodal Intelligent Traffic Signal (MMITSS)
Intelligent Traffic Signal System (I-SIG)Signal Priority (Transit & Freight)Mobile Accessible Pedestrian Signal (PED-SIG)Emergency Vehicle Preemption (PREEMPT)
Intelligent Network Flow Optimization (INFLO)Dynamic Speed Harmonization (SPD-HARM)Queue Warning (Q-WARN)Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC)Next Generation Ramp Metering (RAMP)
Response, Incident, Emergency (RESCUME)Incident Guidance Emergency Response (RESP-STG)Incident Scene Work Zone Alerts (INC-ZONE)Emergency Communications/Evacuation (EVAC)
Integrated Dynamic Transit Operations (IDTO)Connection Protection (T-CONNECT)Dynamic Transit Operations (T-DISP)Dynamic Ridesharing (D-RIDE)
Freight Advanced Traveler Information (FRATIS)Freight Dynamic Travel Planning & PerformanceDrayage Optimization
Wireless InspectionSmart Truck Parking
Fee PaymentTollingHigh Occupancy Toll LanesCongestion Pricing
What Apps Suit Oregon?
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V2I Safety Environment Mobility
Agency Data
V2V SafetyRoad Weather
Smart Roadside
Signal Phase & Timing (SPAT)Curve Speed WarningSpot Weather Impact WarningRailroad Crossing WarningDisabled/Oversized Vehicle Warning
Probe-based Pavement MaintenanceProbe-enabled Traffic MonitoringCV-enabled Performance MeasuresWork Zone Traveler Information
AFV Charging/Fueling InformationEco-ICM Decision Support System
Motorist Advisories & Warnings (MAW)Enhanced Maintenance Decision Support
Advanced Traveler Information System (EnableATIS)Intelligent Network Flow Optimization (INFLO)
Dynamic Speed Harmonization (SPD-HARM)Queue Warning (Q-WARN)Next Generation Ramp Metering (RAMP)
Response, Incident, Emergency (RESCUME)Incident Guidance Emergency Response (RESP-STG)Incident Scene Work Zone Alerts (INC-ZONE)Emergency Communications/Evacuation (EVAC)
Freight Advanced Traveler Information (FRATIS)Freight Dynamic Travel Planning & Performance
Wireless InspectionSmart Truck Parking
Fee PaymentTollingHigh Occupancy Toll LanesCongestion Pricing
Equipped Roadside Nodes
Enabled Corridors and SegmentsEnterprise Data
Driven Improvement
Signal Phase & Timing (SPAT)Curve Speed WarningSpot Weather Impact WarningRailroad Crossing WarningDisabled/Oversized Vehicle WarningAFV Charging/Fueling InformationWireless InspectionSmart Truck Parking
Probe-based Pavement MaintenanceProbe-enabled Traffic MonitoringCV-enabled Performance MeasuresWork Zone Traveler Information
Motorist Advisories & Warnings (MAW)Enhanced Maintenance Decision SupportIncident Guidance Emergency Response (RESP-STG)Incident Scene Work Zone Alerts (INC-ZONE)Emergency Communications/Evacuation (EVAC)
Advanced Traveler Information System (EnableATIS)ICM Decision Support SystemDynamic Speed Harmonization (SPD-HARM)Queue Warning (Q-WARN)Next Generation Ramp Metering (RAMP)Freight Dynamic Travel Planning & Performance
Enhanced Operations and Responsiveness
Fee PaymentRoad User ChargingTolling/HOT Lanes/Congestion Pricing
What Apps Suit Oregon?
Top Ten PredictionsAutomated Vehicle Impacts
10. According to industry estimates, the first fully-autonomous vehicles will arrive by 2020; roughly 10% of auto sales in 2035 will be fully-automated vehicles; complete fleet turnover is likely to occur by 2050.
9. In a fully-automated future (zero human drivers), the roadway becomes a commodity that is unrecognizable by today’s standards.
8. Vehicle ownership goes extinct in tandem with driving, creating $1 trillion in additional disposable income. Profound impacts for vehicle registration, licensing, etc.
7. Over the next two decades, as vehicles become more automated, commuters tolerate longer commutes, fueling VMT and sprawl.
6. The private sector actors in AV hardware and software develop market intelligence that meets and then exceeds the public sector’s.
Top Ten PredictionsAutomated Vehicle Impacts
5. The early adopters of AV technologies are most likely to be among entities, such as shippers, that can realize a return on the investment.
4. AV technologies enable a paradigm shift in demand management and fixed route transit services.
3. Workforce implications are numerous and varied: traffic enforcement is irrelevant but security and hardware/software certification needs balloon.
2. To enable AV adoption, infrastructure owners will face pressure to make early deployment.
1. Automated vehicle technology can eliminate about 90% of crashes, saving 30,000 lives and preventing 2.12 million traffic injuries annually.
Three Outcomes
ODOT’s Intermodal Leadership Team approved three recommendations:1. Coming Soon! New position: Policy Adviser for Connected,
Automated and Electric Vehicles2. CAV Steering Team is forming3. CAV “Business Map” provides an initial taxonomy for actions by
the Policy Adviser and the Steering Team
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CAV Business Map
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CAV Business Map
