Die ZBW ist Mitglied der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft

Management of bibliographic metadata

Kirsten Jeude 15.05.2013 HAW

Metadata management at the Leibniz Information Centre for Economics

<mods:titleInfo><mods:title>Envy, guilt, and the Phillips curve</mods:title> </mods:titleInfo> <mods:name type="personal" ><mods:namePart type="family" >Ahrens</mods:namePart> <mods:namePart type="given" >Steffen</mods:namePart> <mods:role><mods:roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="code" >aut</mods:roleTerm> </mods:role> </mods:name>

011@$a2012 013@$0o3 016D$0cr 016H$0Elektronische Ressource 019@$aXA-DE 021A$aEnvy, guilt, and the Phillips curve$hby Steffen Ahrens and Dennis J. Snower 028A$dSteffen$aAhrens$961036832X$8Ahrens, Steffen 028B/01$dDennis J.$aSnower$9366752960$8Snower, Dennis J. *1950-* 033A$pKiel$nUniv., Dep. of Economics 034D$aOnline-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 34 S., 1,70 MB)

xxxxxnaa a22yyyyy c 4500 001 592906469 003 DE-601 005 20090728100724.0 008 090304s2008 000 0 eng d 016 7 $a7153508$2DE-600 040 $aGBVCP$bger$erakwb 041 0 $aeng 100 1 $aMerkl, Christian$0(DE-601)533312205$0(DE-588)133059545 245 10$aEscaping the unemployment trap :$bthe case of East Germany /$cChristian Merkl; Dennis J. Snower 300 $bgraph. Darst. 650 7$81.1\x$aLangzeitarbeitslosigkeit$0(DE-601)091374367$0(DE-STW)18124-6$2stw

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Management of bibliographic metadata

1. Metadata management at the ZBW 2. Metadata und metadata standards 3. Mappings 4. Metadata for the Semantic Web 5. Duties and responsibilities of the

metadata management 6. Conclusion: Requirements for

metadata managers

Outline

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• Support for the development and maintenance of the information systems of the information centre

• Coordination of data delivery

• Assistance on all aspects of metadata formats and standards

„We speak the languages of the data“

Cross-sectional task

Metadata management at the ZBW

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• Participation in cross-functional teams of the ZBW

• Participation in externally funded projects (e.g. funded by DFG)

• Close cooperation with the department „Innovative information- systems & publication technologies“

• Participation in cooperations and (international) working groups

„We speak the languages of the data“

Metadata management at the ZBW

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What is metadata? A variety of definitions • „… are (structured) data about data.“ Miller, Eric: An introduction to the resource description framework. In: D-Lib Magazine, (May) 1998; Foulonneau, Muriel; Riley Jenn

(2008): Metadata for Digital Resources; u.v.m.

• „Unter Metadaten ("Daten über Daten") versteht man strukturierte Daten, mit deren Hilfe eine Informationsressource beschrieben und dadurch besser auffindbar gemacht wird.“

SUB Göttingen Metadata Server

• „… structured, encoded data that describe characteristics of information-bearing entities to aid in their identification, discovery, assessment, and management of the described entities“

American Library Association´s Committee on Cataloguing

• „… is any type of formal description of a resource, regardless of format“ Mitchell, Nicole: Metadata Basics (The Southeastern Librarian, Fall 2006)

• „…is cataloging done by men“ Delsey, Tom, National Library of Canada

• „… is machine understandable information about web resources or other things.“ Berners-Lee, Tim: Design Issues. Architectural and philosophical points, 6. Januar 1997.

• „An item of metadata is a relationship that someone claims to exist between two entities.“ Foulonneau, Muriel; Riley Jenn (2008): Metadata for Digital Resources • „I like to think of metadata as data which removes from a user (human or machine) the need

to have full advance knowledge of the existence or characteristics of things of potential interest in the environment“

Lorcan Dempsey, zit. in: Foulonneau, Muriel; Riley Jenn (2008): Metadata for Digital Resources

Metadata “is machine understandable information about web resources or other things.“ (Tim Berners-Lee)

Web-Resources:

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Other Things:

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Publications:

Objekts: Pictures:

Recordings:

Persons:

Metadata “is machine understandable information about web resources or other things.“(Tim Berners-Lee)

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Index card in card catalogue

Metadata – separated from the object

Metadaten – contained in the object

Dataset in bibliographic database

Metadata „is any type of formal description of a resource, regardless of format“ (Nicole Mitchell)

CIP (Cataloging in Publication)

Header of an HTML-page with Metadata

Microformat (COinS) in HTML-page

Metadata „are (structured) data about data“ (Eric Miller)

Metadata are „Data about Data“

Data - Book „Data about Data“

Metadata / Marcia Lei Zeng and Jian Qin

Zeng, Marcia Lei *1956-*

Qin, Jian *1956-*

London : Facet, 2008

xvii, 365 p. : ill. ; 23cm

Includes bibliographical references and index

1-85604-655-9, 978-1-85604-655-8 (pbk)

Metadaten

STRUCTURED

Metadata-Schema

Title

Creator

Contributor

Published

Extent

Note

ISBN

Subject

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Metadata „are (structured) data about data“ (Eric Miller)

Metadata standards (machine-readable)

Designator of a property (human-readable)

4000 Suchen mithilfe semantischer Metadaten (PICA3)

021A $a Suchen mithilfe semantischer Metadaten (PICA+)

331Suchen mithilfe semantischer Metadaten (MAB)

245 00 $a Suchen mithilfe semantischer Metadaten (MARC21)

<titleInfo><title>Suchen mithilfe semantischer Metadaten</title></titleInfo>

(MODS)

In principle and pragmatic

ID: Title: Creator: Contributor: Published: Extent: Note: ISBN: Subject: Classification:

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Zeng, Marcia Lei Creator: Metadata element

Metadata Set

following rules (e.g. family name comma blank given name)

Element value

571230652 Metadata / Marcia Lei Zeng and Jian Qin Zeng, Marcia Lei *1956-* Qin, Jian *1956-* London : Facet, c2008 xvii, 365 p. : ill. ; 23cm Includes bibliographical references and index 1-85604-655-9, 978-1-85604-655-8 (pbk) : £39.95 *Metadaten / *Metadata Dewey-Dezimalklassifikation: 025.3

Metadata „are (structured) data about data“

Metadata is „[…] to aid in their identification, discovery, assessment, and management of the described entities“ Tasks of metadata (FRBR User Tasks)

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1. to FIND entities that correspond to the user’s stated search criteria: to locate either a single entity or a set of entities in a file or database as the result of a search using an attribute or relationship of the entity

2. to IDENTIFY an entity: to confirm that the entity described corresponds to the entity sought, or to distinguish between two or more entities with similar characteristics

3. to SELECT an entity that is appropriate to the user’s needs: to choose an entity that meets the user’s requirements with respect to content, physical format, etc., or to reject an entity as being inappropriate to the user’s needs

4. to OBTAIN access to the entity described: to acquire an entity through purchase, loan, etc., or to access an entity electronically through an online connection to a remote computer

FRBR: Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records

Metadata is „[…] to aid in their identification, discovery, assessment, and management of the described entities“

TYPES of metadata

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Descriptive metadata: Describe a resource for the purpose of discovery, identification, selection and access

Structural metadata: Describe the internal organization of a resource. Describe how interconnected objects are relate to each other, e.g. how pages must be arranged that a chapter is created.

Administrative metadata: „meta-metadata“; Information which helps to manage a resource:

Technical metadata: Contain information on the format and file type

Metadata for Rights Management: Contain information that is used for access authorization and information on intellectual property

Provenance metadata: Metadata about the origin of resource: to establish trust and for preserving the usability

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PPN

Title

Creator Contributor

Extent

ISBN

Subject

Fussnoten Related Resource

URL

Title:

Metadata schema of a certain application, e.g. Repository

Title: Creator: Contributor: Organisation: Published: Extent: Note: ISBN: Subject: URL:

Metadata standard of a „Community“ / Domain, e.g. PICA, Dublin Core, DDI etc.

DOI Mode

Epoch

Format

Pixel

Organisation

Provence

URN

Compression

Handle

Actor

Metadata standard VS. Metadata schema

Creator:

Contributor:

URL:

Published:

Extent:

Metadata elements of a real information object

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Metadata standards and schemas define the allowed elements, their meaning (semantics) and their form (syntax):

• Definition of the content of an element, sometimes with additional comments, which helps to separate one element from the other within a schema or standards

• Syntax encoding scheme: rules about the syntax of the content values; e.g. a date has to be entered in the form YYYY-MM-TT

• Syntax encoding schemes include norms and standards (e.g. ISO 8601, W3C-DTF, …), URIs (URL, URN, DOI, …) and other identifiers (e.g. ISBN, ISSN, …)

• Vocabulary encoding scheme: rules about the allowed content values, e.g. which controlled vocabulary has to be used

• Vocabulary encoding schemes include classifications (e.g. DDC, UDC, BK, JEL,..), thesauri (e.g. STW, TGN, MeSH, AGROVOC, …), authority files (e.g. GND, LCSH, Rameau, VIAF) and other controlled vocabulary (e.g. DCMI Type)

• Information about the repeatability and obligation of an element and how elements are related to each other within the standard

Metadata standards and schemas

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Dublin Core Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI)

Developed for the description of web resources

Dublin Core Metadata Element Set 15 core elements: Title, Creator, Subject, Description, Publisher, Contributor, Date, Type, Format, Identifier, Source, Language, Relation, Coverage, and Rights

all optional and repeatable

Dublin Core Metadata Terms 55 elements Element refinements and encoding schemes = „Qualifier“

Title ”Metadata Demystified”

Creator ”Brand, Amy”

Creator ”Daly, Frank”

Creator ”Meyers, Barbara”

Subject ”metadata”

Description ”Presents an overview of metadata conventions in publishing.”

Publisher ”NISO Press”

Publisher ”The Sheridan Press”

Date ”2003-07"

Type ”Text”

Format ”application/pdf”

Identifier ”http://www.niso.org/standards /resources/Metadata_Demystified.pdf”

Language ”en”

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Project of Integrated Catalogue Automation - PICA • for bibliographic datasets in library

catalogues

• ca. 1300 information units: elements with subelements

• Used by GBV, SWD, HEBIS, DNB, …

PICA+:

internal format of the Database 021A $aEscaping the unemployment trap$dthe case of East Germany $hChristian Merkl; Dennis J. Snower

PICA3:

View for cataloguing 4000 Escaping the unemployment trap : the case of East Germany / Christian Merkl; Dennis J. Snower

001@ $026$aU 001A $00206:04-03-09 001B $00206:10-03-09$t10:42:23.000 001D $00206:04-03-09 001U $0utf8 001X $00 002@ $0Asu 003@ $0592906469 010@ $aeng 011@ $a2008 021A $aEscaping the unemployment trap$dthe case of East Germany$hChristian Merkl; Dennis J. Snower 027D/00 $aJournal of comparative economics$pAmsterdam$nElsevier$00147-5967$z7153508 028A $dChristian$aMerkl$9533312205$8Christian@Merkl ; PND-ID: 133059545 028B/01 $dDennis J.$aSnower$9366752960$8Dennis J.@Snower ; PND-ID: 124825109 031A $d36$j2008$e4$c12$h542-556 034M $agraph. Darst. 039B $cIn$9130445541$8Journal of comparative economics. - Amsterdam : Elsevier$x200800000360004458 039B $cIn$7!562253327! 045D/00 $9091374367$8Langzeitarbeitslosigkeit 045D/00 $9091347742$8Arbeitsproduktivität 045D/00 $9091384966$8Qualifikation 045D/49 $b49 101B $004-03-09$t09:15:56.000

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Machine-Readable Cataloging - MARC21

• International exchange- and storage format

• for bibliographic datasets in library catalogues

• > 1000 elements with subelements and indicators

xxxxxnaa a22yyyyy c 4500 001 592906469 003 DE-601 005 20090728100724.0 008 090304s2008 000 0 eng d 016 7 $a7153508$2DE-600 040 $aGBVCP$bger$erakwb 041 0 $aeng 100 1 $aMerkl, Christian$0(DE-601)533312205$0(DE-588)133059545 245 10$aEscaping the unemployment trap :$bthe case of East Germany /$cChristian Merkl; Dennis J. Snower 300 $bgraph. Darst. 650 7$81.1\x$aLangzeitarbeitslosigkeit$0(DE-601)091374367$0(DE-STW)18124-6$2stw 650 7$81.2\x$aArbeitsproduktivität$0(DE-601)091347742$0(DE-STW)10440-1$2stw […] 700 1 $aSnower, Dennis J.$eAuthor$4aut$0(DE-601)366752960$0(DE-588)124825109 773 08$iIn: $tJournal of comparative economics$dAmsterdam : Elsevier$gVol. 36, No. 4 (2008), p. 542-556$q36:4<542-556$w(DE-601)130445541$x0147-5967 773 08$iIn: 900 $aGBV$bZBW Kiel <206> 952 $d36$j2008$e4$c12$h542-556 954 $a26$b923675930$c01$x0206

Metadata standards using XML

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• MODS: Metadata Object and Description Schema

• Developed as a compromise between the complex MARC21 and the simple Dublin Core

• for electronic resources

• expressed in XML

Metadata formats

bibliographisch / deskriptiv

„Metadata standard“ is not the same as „Metadata format“ Dublin Core metadata standard • as .txt file • as .html- or .xhtml file • as .xml file • as .rdf statements

In principle: • Metadata standards developed as text-based

standard with subsequently further representations • primary XML-standards like MODS • proprietary formats, e.g. .mrc for MARC21

metadata format, e.g. DC-DS-XML

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Seeing Standards: A Visualization of the Metadata Universe (Jenn Riley)

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http://www.dlib.indiana.edu/~jenlrile/metadatamap/seeingstandards.pdf

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DOCUMENTATION of a Metadata standard • „Uses and Features“ • „Usage Guidelines“ • „Implementation Guidelines“ • „Schemas and Outline“ • „Data Dictionary“ • “Specification” • Encoding Guidelines • Code Lists • Example Datasets • Tutorials • Mailinglists and Forums

• Domain and Applications • Rules and Frameworks • Listing and Definition of the

elements • Encoding Rules • Encoding Lists • Examples • Instructions manual • Excercises

Meet the metadata standards

100 1 $aMerkl, Christian$0(DE-601)533312205$0(DE-588)133059545

Metadata standards Standards? "The nice thing about standards is that you have so many to

choose from. Furthermore, if you do not like any of them, you can just wait for next year's model."

Source: Andrew Tanenbaum, Computer Networks, 2nd edn., p. 254

A metadata standard • ensures consistency of the metadata • improves usage of metadata • allowes exchange of metadata Semantic interoperability between applications, which uses the same standard

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What means „Interoperability“?

Interoperability is the ability of different systems (and content) to communicate and exchange information as efficiently as possible

Exchange of metadata between systems with little effort and a minimum of loss of information

Problem:

Exchange or integration of metadata sets, which are presented in different standards

Establish interoperabilität by Mapping

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What is „Mapping“? Task: Integration of heterogenous metadata in one system: EconBiz

Standard: Dublin Core (XML)

Standard: PICA 3

Title=4000

Title=<title>

• Metadata from various sources, stored in various standards

• homogenous search with the help of search engine technologies

• Results to be refined by filters

What is „Mapping“?

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• „Translation“ of the elements and rules from one standard or schema to another

• Metadata "mapping" refers to a formal identification of equivalent or nearly equivalent metadata elements or groups of metadata elements from different metadata schemas, carried out in order to facilitate semantic interoperability (Getty Glossary)

• Crosswalk: List of elements, which relates the appropriate constituents of two different metadata standards or schemas to one another, including rules

Element DB2 - MAB DB1 - PICA Notes

Designator Syntax Designator Syntax Rules for Transformation

Creator 100 Family_name, Given_name 3000

Given_name@Family_name

Write value in front of commercial at in target schema separated by comma space behind value, which is behind commercial at […]

[…]

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Crosswalk

Crosswalk

A crosswalk ist "a mapping of the elements, semantics, and syntax from one metadata scheme to those of another„ (http://www.niso.org/publications/press/UnderstandingMetadata.pdf ).

Crosswalks are lateral mappings: They are one-way streets from one schema to another.

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Typical problems:

• Mapping between two standards with different scope: missing elements in target schema / more than one element in target schema

• Different features: Obligation: mandatory elements vs. optional elements. Repeatability: element may be repeatable or not.

• Different syntax encoding:. (e.g. A: „Given name“, „Family name“ and B: „Name“ (family name, given name) and C: „Name“ (given name@family name)

• Different vocabulary encoding: If different vocabularies are used, the values have to be „translated“ too.

What is „Mapping“?

Source Target

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Mapping for the integration of heterogenous metadata

Summary

• Prerequisite for a correct mapping is the clear and precise definition of the elements in the respective standards.

• The mapping should allow the creation of transformation rules, which allows to transform metadata from one schema completely into the other schema.

• Conversion of the metadata sets using programmed scripts

• Mapping is the first step for the integration of heterogenous metadata in one system

• Mapping is an iterative process Iterative Process

Data analysis

Mapping

Conver-sion

Controll-ing

datasets

Metadata for the Semantic Web Problems of search engines today 1. Improper search results Query is ambiguous (Homonymy/Polysemy)

2. Missing search results Synonyms are not taken into account, e.g. search for „Futorology“, will not find „Zukunftsfor- schung“ or „future studies“

Reason Lack of explicit semantics Solution Semantic Web: Information is linked on the level of semantics

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Metadata for the Semantic Web

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RDF + Language to model the relationships (e.g. SKOS, OWL) + URIs ________________________________ Web of Data

Requirements:

• machine-interpretability of the information

RDF (Resource Description Framework)

• Unambiguousness of the used concepts (a person, an organisation, a theme)

URIs (Uniform Resource Identifiers) in libraries: usage of authority data

Vocabulary for the relationships:

(library) metadata standards, e.g. RDA, DC

has Author

dc:creator

URI URI

Linked Data in Libraries

What? Provision and use of controlled vocabularies and ontologies in RDF, e.g. Standard Thesaurus Economics: http://zbw.eu/beta/econ-ws/about ; GND der DNB: http://www.dnb.de/DE/Service/DigitaleDienste/LinkedData/linkeddata_node.html

Provision and use of bibliographic data in RDF, e.g. hbz: http://lobid.org/about ; B3Kat (BSB, KOBV): http://lod.b3kat.de/doc

Provision of Tools, e.g. Culturegraph: Platform for services and projects about data networking, Persistent Identifier and Linked Open Data: http://www.culturegraph.org/

Why? • Maximize web visibility • Makes it easier to find our library data / optimize search options • Ensure reusability: in particular by non library domains • Enrich bibliographic references by interlinking with other information

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Duties and responsibilities of the metadata management Metadata standards and Mapping

• Expertise regarding metadata standards and frameworks

• Development of crosswalks

• Development and enhancement of metadata schemas

New Systems:

• Selection of appropriate metadata standards according to the requirements of the system, if necessary. Combination of several standards

• Development of an interoperable metadata schema

• Development of Application Profiles (Documentation)

Existing systems:

• Continuous adaption to changing requirements

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Duties and responsibilities of the metadata management Coordination of data delivieries

• Provision / analysis of test data and documentation

• Documentation of incoming and outgoing deliveries

• Contact for all questions regarding metadata format, cataloging and provision / delivery

Duties and responsibilities of the metadata management Quality management and communication • Participation in system development: Functions

that rely on metadata, such as "More like this", exports to reference management software, …

• Quality management: Developing of statistics and data analysis

• Communication between library and IT

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I LOVE META DATA

l

Verweisung vom zweiten Bestandteil des zusammengesetzten Namens (§ 319) Ist nach den Regeln ein zusammengesetzter Name in der Ordnungsgruppe des Familiennamens anzusetzen, so wird vom zweiten und von allen weiteren Hauptbestandteilen des zusammengesetzten Namens verwiesen. Die bei der Verweisung übergangenen Teile des zusammengesetzten Namens werden an das Ende der Ordnungsgruppe der Vornamen gestellt (319,1).

l

RAK

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Conclusion: Requirements for metadata managers

Metadata standards

Guidelines and Frameworks

Vocabularies and norms

Authority data

RAK-WB

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• analytical thinking

• Having fun to constantly deal with new challenges (standards, technologies)

• and to keep on learning

Methods Best Practices

Markup languages

Technologies

Metadata management Highly specialized field in librarianship

Conclusion: Requirements for metadata managers

Management of bibliographic metadata

k.jeude@zbw.eu

„Metadata is a love note to the future”, Cea., https://secure.flickr.com/photos/centralasian/8071729256/in/photostream/ Seite 39

Thanks for your attention!

Questions?

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Bibliographical References

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Berners-Lee, Tim: Design Issues. Architectural and philosophical points, 6. Januar 1997 http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/ Brand, A., Daly, F., Meyers, B., & National Information Standards Organization (U.S.)(2003):Metadata demystified: A guide for publishers. Bethesda, Md: NISO Press. (www.niso.org/standards/resources/Metadata_Demystified.pdf ) Caplan, Priscilla: Metadata Fundamentals for All Librarians. Chicago, 2003, ALA Editions Dublin Core Metadata Initiative: DCMI Glossary. http://dublincore.org/documents/usageguide/glossary.shtml Foulonneau, Muriel; Riley, Jenn (2008): Metadata for digital resources: implementation, systems design and interoperability. Oxford: Chandos. Greenberg, J. (2008): Dublin Core History and Basics. Tutorial ASIST DC 2008 http://dc2008.de/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/tutorial-1.pdf Harper, Corey (2010): Dublin Core Metadata Initiative: Beyond the Element Set – NISO Information Standards Quarterly, v.22, no. 1, Winter 2010. http://www.niso.org/publications/isq/2010/v22no1 Hillman, D. I., & Westbrooks, E. L. (2004). Metadata in Practice. Chicago: ALA Editions. In Baca, M., & Getty Research Institute. (2008). Introduction to metadata. Los Angeles (Calif.: Getty Research Institute. Miller, Eric (1998): An introduction to the resource description framework. In: D-Lib Magazine, Volume 4 Issue 5, May 1998. http://www.dlib.org/dlib/may98/miller/05miller.html Mitchell, Nicole: Metadata Basics (2066): In: The Southeastern Librarian, Vol. 54: Iss. 3, Article 6 . http://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/seln/vol54/iss3/6/

Bibliographical References National Information Standards Organization (U.S.). (2004): Understanding metadata. Bethesda, MD: NISO Press. (http://www.niso.org/publications/press/UnderstandingMetadata.pdf ) Pohl, Adrian (2011): Linked Data und die Bibliothekswelt. Hochschulbibliothekszentrum des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen). http://www.hbz-nrw.de/dokumentencenter/produkte/lod/aktuell/pohl_2011_linked-data_ODOK.pdf Riley, Jenn (2008-2010): Seeing Standards: A Visualization of the Metadata Universe. http://www.dlib.indiana.edu/~jenlrile/metadatamap Söllner, Konstanze (2008):„Academic Librarian of the Future“-Woher kommen die Spezialisten für die neuen Aufgaben in den Bibliotheken?. 102. Deutscher Bibliothekartag <Leipzig, 2013> http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0290-opus-14644 St. Pierre, Margaret; LaPlant, William P. (1998): Issues in Crosswalking Content Metadata Standards.(NISO White Papers). Bethesda, MD: NISO. http://www.niso.org/publications/white_papers/crosswalk/ Weibel, S. et.al. (2002): Metadata Principles and Practicalities. In: D-Lib-Magazin, Vol. 8, No. 4, April 2002 Zeng, M.L.; Chang, L.M. (2006): Metadata Interoperability and Standardization – A Study of Methodology Part I: Achieving Interoperability at the Schema Level. In: D-Lib-Magazin, Vol. 12, No. 6, June 2006. http://www.dlib.org/dlib/june06/chan/06chan.html Zeng, M.L.; Chang, L.M. (2006): Metadata Interoperability and Standardization – A Study of Methodology Part II: Achieving Interoperability at the Record and Repository Levels. In: D-Lib-Magazin, Vol. 12, No. 6, June 2006. http://www.dlib.org/dlib/june06/zeng/06zeng.html Zeng, Marcia Lei, Jian Qin (2008): Metadata. New York: Neal-Schuman Publishers.

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Web Resources

K.I.M. Kompetenzzentrum Interoperable Metadaten: http://www.kim-forum.org/

Blogs Metadata Matters: Bloggerin: Diane Hillmann: http://managemetadata.com/blog/

Coyle's InFormation: Bloggerin: Karen Coyle: http://kcoyle.blogspot.de/

Managing Metadata: Bloggerin: Laura Smart: http://library.caltech.edu/laura/

Metadata Discussion Group (Indiana University Libraries): https://blogs.libraries.iub.edu/metadata/

Journals Journal of library metadata. 2008. New York, NY: Haworth Press. http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~db=all~content=t792306902 .

D-Lib-Magazin (frei): http://www.dlib.org/

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Web Resources

Qualification K.I.M. Kompetenzzentrum Interoperable Metadaten: http://www.kim-forum.org/

Hyperlinked Library MOOC: http://slisweb.sjsu.edu/about-slis/news/detail/free-online-course-extends-learning-individuals-across-globe

OpenHPI: (Hasso-Plattner-Institut für Informatik) https://openhpi.de/

Tools Dublin Core Tools for creation / development: http://www.dublincore.org/tools/ Marc-Tools, like MarcEdit: http://www.loc.gov/marc/marctools.html Notepad++: Free Text-Editor for huge files. Search and Replace with regular Expressions possible Firefox-AddOns: Dublin Core Viewer, Operator (Microformat detection) Chrome-AddOn: Schema Explorer (Microdata), OpenLink Data Explorer

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Metadata standards

• Dublin Core: www.dublincore.org • Pica3/Pica+: (Katalogisierungsrichtlinie des Gemeinsamen Bibliotheksverbunds):

http://www.gbv.de/vgm/info/mitglieder/02Verbund/01Erschliessung/02Richtlinien/01KatRicht/inhalt.shtml

• MARC21: http://www.loc.gov/marc/ • MODS: http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/ • METS: http://www.loc.gov/standards/mets/ • Library of Congress Standards: http://www.loc.gov/standards/ • ONIX: http://www.editeur.org/83/Overview/ • TEI: http://www.tei-c.org/index.xml • DDI: http://www.ddialliance.org/ • BibTeX: http://www.bibtex.org/ • RIS: http://www.refman.com/support/risformat_intro.asp • COinS (KEV): http://epub.mimas.ac.uk/openurl/KEV_Guidelines-200706.html

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