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Honors Biology - January 4th, 2012
SWBAT: Review key concepts for the midterm exam.
Warm Up:
1.) Enzymes are a type of _________ made by linking amino acids.
2.) List the two types of anaerobic respiration (fermentation)we studied.
3.) Name three organic biomolecules.
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Organic Molecules: Inorganic Molecules:(All contain carbon)
(Do NOT contain carbon)
1.) Carbohydrates: Quick source of energy
2.) Lipids: Long-term energy storage
3.) Proteins: Raw materials and enzyme action (catalysts)
4.) Nucleic Acids: Store DNA/RNA/Genetic Information
1.) Water: able to dissolve many substances because it is
polar_Has a high heat capacity
2.) Minerals: Help the body function in many ways
-Potassium, sodium, iron, and magnesium are all examples
5.) Vitamins: Help the body functionin many ways
-A, C, D, and E are all examples
Water has a pH of 7. Anything below 7 is considered a ___________. Anything above 7 is considered a ________________
(n) acid
base
Cell Types Include
Examples Include:
All cells have:
Bacteria
Which NEVER Have:
2 major types we studied are:
And often DO have:
Which have chloroplasts and a cell wall
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
-cell membrane-ribosomes-cytoplasm-DNA
-nucleus-complex organelles
-flagella-pseudopodia-cillia
PlantAnimal
Which ORGANELLE does each picture make you think of?
1.) A brick wall is like the. . .because. . .
2.) An assembly line is like the. . .because. . .
3.) A solar panel is like the. . . because. . .
4.) A trash can is like the. . .because. . .
5.) A power plant is like the. . .because. . .
6.) A bouncer is like the. . .because. . .
cell wall -- rigid barrier around plant cells
ER -- transports proteins made by cell
chloroplasts -- takes in sunlight and converts it to glucose (energy)
Lysosome -- it breaks down waste for the cell
mitochondria -- powerhouse where ATPis made
cell membrane - it is selectively permeable
Photosynthesis
Organisms who perform it:
Both Processes Occur In:
The relationship between the two
processes is:
Organelle where it occurs:
Uses:
Releases:
Organisms who perform it:
Organelle where it occurs:
Cellular Respiration
Uses:
Releases:
Anaerobic resp produces (less/more) ATP because it does not use ________
(Aerobic Respiration)
Chemosynthesis is different. Write its equation:
plants/autotrophs/producers
chloroplasts
carbon dioxide,water, andsunlight
glucose and oxygen
autotrophs and heterotrophs (producers and consumers)
mitochondria
glucose andoxygen
carbon dioxide,water, and ATP
plants/autotrophs/producers
the products of one process are the reactants of the other process
happens only in complete darkness by chemotrophs
water + inorganic compounds + carbon dioxide --> oxygen and glucose oxygen
Two Major Categories of Cell Transport
DiffusionOsmosis
FacilitatedDiffusion
Concentration Gradient
(Against)(With)
Movement of _particles_ across the cellmembrane
Examples include:food coloring in beakers, salt and sugar movement in cells
Movement of water across the cellmembrane
Concentration Gradient
--Requires _____ created by mitochondria as its source of energy
--Moves substances from ______ to ______ concentration
hypertonic solutions cause cells to shrink because water leaves the cell
hypotonic solutions cause cells to swell because water enters the cell
isotonic solutions have reached equilibrium with the cell
Active
Passive
Think "AAA" - Active Transport is Against the Gradient and requires ATP
low high