National Symbols of India

National Symbols of India

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(1) The National Emblem of India is an adaptation form the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka.

(2) In the original there are four Lions standing back to back mounted on an abacus.

(3) The four animals at the bottom of the national emblem are a galloping horse and a bull (visible) and a lion and a elephant (not visible) separated by intervening wheels over a bell-shaped lotus.

(4) The Lion Capital was erected in the third century B.C. by Emperor Ashoka.

(5) The National Emblem was adopted by the Government of India on 26th January 1950.

(6) The words SATYAMEVA JAYATE taken from Mundaka Upanishad are inscribed below the abacus in the Devanagri script.

National Emblem of India





(1)The National Calendar based on the SAKA ERA with Chaitra as its first month and a normal year of 365 days was adopted on 22nd March 1957.(2) Chaitra is the first month of the year, falling on 22nd March normally and on 21st March in a leap year.(3) The dates of the National Calendar have a permanent correspondence with the dates of the Gregorian Calendar.

Indian National Calendar



National Flag of India

(1) The design of the National Flag was adopted by the Constituent

Assembly of Sovereign India on 22nd July 1947.

(2)The National Flag is a horizontal tricolour of saffron at the top, white in

the middle and green at the bottom.

(3) The ratio of the width of the National Flag to its length is 2:3.

(4) The design of the wheel (DHARMACHAKRA) is taken from the

abacus of the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka.

(5)The wheel (DHARMACHAKRA) or Ashoka Chakra at the centre has

24 spokes and is navy blue in colour.

(6) Flag code of India, 2002 (effected on 26 January 2002) governs the

display of National Flag of India.




India National Anthem

(1) The national anthem JANA GANA MANA was composed by poet Rabindranath Tagore in Bengali.

(2) It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of Sovereign India on 24 January 1950.

(3) It was rendered in English by Tagore himself.

(4) It was first sung on 27th December, 1911 at the Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress.

(5) The complete song consists of five stanzas. The first stanza constitutes the full version of the National Anthem.

(6) The playing time of the National Anthem is 52 seconds.




National Song of India

(1) Bankim Chandra Chatterji's composed song "VANDE

MATARAM" taken from ANAND MATH has been adopted as

the National Song of India.

(2) It was also adopted by the Constituent Assembly of

Sovereign India on 24 January 1950.

(3) It has an equal status with JANA GANA MANA.

(4) It was first sung in the 1896 session of the Indian National

Congress.




National Animal of India

Tiger (Panthera tigris)




National Bird of India

Peacock (Pavo cristatus)




National Fruit of India

Mango (Mangifera indica)




National Flower of India

Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)




National Tree of India

Banyan (Ficus benghalensis)




National River of India

The Ganges




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National Symbols of India