North Atlantic route & Round the world services.

Introduction.

• Atlantic Ocean.• It is the second largest ocean,

covering an area of 82 million sq.km. • Surrounded by Europe & Africa on

East and North America & South America on the West.

• Islands- The British Islands, West Indies Islands Greenland & Northern Scotland.

North Atlantic Route.

• Heaviest Shipping density.• Busiest & Important routes.• Important ports- Philadelphia,

Baltimore, New Orleans, New York, St. John Boston. Quebec, and Montreal.

• Development of harbors.

South Atlantic Route.

• Traffic between Industrial & Agricultural Region.

• Connects Western Europe, Mediterranean Countries Brazil & South Africa

• Important ports- London, Liverpool, Manchester Marseilles.

• Economically Backward Route.

Service Routes.

• Generally there are three services routes.

• End to End services routes. • Pendulum services routes.

• Round the World service routes.

Service Routes.

Round the world Service Routes.(RTW)

• First round the world route was introduced in 1984.

• This service was mainly designed to support Chinese exports to Europe and the east cost of North America.

• can move in either direction.• westward or eastward • In both directions.

Features of Round the World Services. (RTW)

• ship never turns around.• keeps sailing until it completes a

circum. • restrict to use panamax tonnage.• Round the world services have

been declining.

Round the World Services. (RTW)