Ohsas18001

THE APPLICATION OFOHSAS 18001

AT WORKPLACE

By

Sharifah Rohana Syed Ibrahim

OHSAS 18001 (or Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series 18001) is a management system designed with international standards that helps institutions controlled their occupational health and safety threats for better performance.

The history in brief:

Year 96’ : British Standards Industry (BSI) introduced the first OHSAS standard in 1999 - BSI 8800 provided guidelines for the current version;

Year 99’ : The specification outlines the prerequisites for any occupationalhealth and safety management system, which aids an institutionto enhance performance;

Year 2007: Updated to better align with ISO 14001 focusing in health.

OHSAS 18001 was developed with the guidance of the following national standard bureaus and certification bodies:

I. British Standards InstitutionII. Bureau Veritas Quality InternationalIII. Det Norske VeritasIV. International Certification ServicesV. International Safety Management OrganizationVI. Lloyds Register Quality AssuranceVII. National Quality AssuranceVIII. National Standards Authority of IrelandIX. SFS CertificationX. SGS Yarsley International Certification ServicesXI. South African Bureau of StandardsXII. Standards and Industry Research Institute of Standards Australia

Many organizations decide to implement OHSAS 18001 and obtain registration because it assures employees, customers, shareholders, suppliers, regulators and the community at large that the company has an internationally recognized Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS) in place.

When an organization conforms to OHSAS 18001, it ensures that all people directly or indirectly involved with the company are exposed to a minimum number of risks. A third party certification ensures that effective steps have been put in place to avoid accidents and unsafe situations.

Below are ten (10) examples of the application of OHSAS 18001 towards working practices.

Identified Hazards (Risks Indicator *) : -

Mechanical Failure (M)Dropped Object (H)

Rigging Competence (M)Crane Operator Competence (M)

Poor Lifting Planning (M)Poor Supervision (L)

Proposed Risk Control (4.3.1)

(i)Lifting Operations Manual (4.4.6)

(ii) Guidelines for Crane Operators (4.4.6)

(iii) Crane Inspection Record (4.4.5)

(iv) COP for Safe Used of Cranes (4.4.6)

(v) Lifting equipment inspection Record (4.4.5)

(vi) Crane Operator/Rigging & Slinging Training Matrix & Competency Record & Data (4.4.1 & 2)

(vii) Proper PPE & Toolbox talk meeting (4.4.3)

(i) Competency Assessment : Crane Operator/Banks men/ Roustabout (4.4.1)

(ii) Certification according to API standards for Crane and LOLER-98 for rigging & slinging activities (4.3.2)

(iii) Crane Operator Training(iv) Rigging & Slinging

Training (4.4.2)

(v) Leadership Training (4.4.2)

Proposed Target for Completion/Frequency:

Competency assessment is to be done annually.

Certification prior to recruitment and training once in 2 years.

4.3.1 : Hazards Identification, Risk assessment & determine controls

4.3.3: Objectives and Program(s)4.1: General Requirements 4.3.2 Legal & other requirements

4.4.6: Operational Controls

4.4.1 : Resources, roles, accountability & authority4.4.2 : Competence, Training and Awareness4.4.3 : Communication participation and consultation4.4.4 : Documentation4.4.5 : Control of documents

LIFTING OPERATIONS

* Risks Indicator:H – High (Severe)M – Medium (Severe)L – Low (Likelihood)

Working at heightHazards Identified: -Personal injury (H)Accidents (H)Property damage (M)

Proposed Risk Control

• Elimination (CCTV at location , re-design or avoid working at height (4.4.6);•Built guardrails; (4.4.6)• Enforcement to comply with Reg 12, FMA 1970 (4.3.2 & 4.4.3) &• Fall Protection Systems (PPE, full harness, etc) (4.4.6)

. Travel fall restraint (mitigate distance) (4.4.6);• Rescue plan (dealing with trauma, etc). (4.4.2 & 6)• Equipment inspection record (4.4.5)•Qualified supervision (work instructions) (4.4.1)

• Working at height training (4.4.2)

• Rescue at height training (4.4.2)• Scaffolding training (4.4.2)

• Competency Assessment programs (4.4.1)


Risks Indicator:H – High (Severe)M – Medium (Severe)L – Low (Likelihood)

4.1: General Requirements 4.3.2 Legal & other requirements

4.4.6: Operational Controls4.3.3: Objectives and Program(s)




Training is to be done on the job and annually.

Equipment Damaged

Hazards Identified: -Personal injury (H)Explosion (H)Fire (H)Gas dispersion (H)


• Preventive Maintenance Record (4.4.4);• Inspection Record (4.4.4);• Process Safety Manuals (4.4.4);• Equipment guidelines (4.4.3 and 4.4.4);• Emergency Preparedness Manuals (4.4.4.)

• Process Safety Training (4.4.2);

• Emergency Response Preparedness Training (4.4.2)





4.3.3: Objectives and Program(s)



Training, once in two years for Process Safety.

For ERP, to do on the job training (drill) & annually.

Loading and Unloading Hazards Identified: -Equipment damage (H)Personal injury (H)Environmental damage (M)Explosion (H)Fire (H)Spillage (H)Gas dispersion (H)


• Transportation, transfer and handling manuals (4.4.4);• Risk assessment and lifting plan (4.4.6);• Provide restrictions , full time escort during movement & signage; (4.4.3);• Competent driver with valid license (4.3.2 & 4.4.1);• Emergency Response Preparedness (4.4.7)

• Defensive Driving Training (4.4.2)• Rigging and Slinging Training (4.4.2)

• Competency Assessment programs (4.4.1)






4.4.1 : Resources, roles, accountability & authority4.4.2 : Competence, Training and Awareness4.4.3 : Communication participation and consultation4.4.4 : Documentation4.4.5 : Control of documents4.4.7 : Emergency Response Preparedness



Training is to be done on the job and annually.

Working in Confined Space Hazards Identified: -• Hazardous atmosphere: -Displaces oxygen (H)Toxic caused suffocation, lung & eye irritant. Extremely toxic caused lung failure (H); Fire & explosion (H)• Physical hazards: -Trapped (H)Slip, trip and fall (H)Falling objects (H) Electrical Shocks (H)Poor visibility (H)Temperature extremes (H)Noise (H);Risk of drowning. (H)


• Regulation compliance ICOP AESP (4.3.2);• Permit To Work System (4.4.4)• Must possess Competency Card (both entrant & supervisor) (4.3.2)• Safe working practice (ventilation, cleaning before entry procedures, check size of the entrance, etc) (4.4.4 & 4.4.6);• Gas testing by Authorized Gas Tester (4.3.2 & 4.4.1 & 2);• Provision of breathing apparatus, rescue harnesses (4.4.7)• Emergency Response Preparedness (4.4.7);• Communication system (walkie talkie) (4.4.6);• Capabilities of rescuers (4.4.1);

• Authorized Entrant & Standby Person for Confined Space Training (4.4.2);• Authorized Gas Tester (4.4.2);• Confined Space Rescue Training (4.4.2);• Competency Assessment (4.4.1)









Training is to be done once in 2 years

Gas Testing Work Hazards Identified: -• Gas tester equipment malfunction (H);• Hazardous atmosphere: -Displaces oxygen (H)Toxic caused suffocation, lung & eye irritant. Extremely toxic caused lung failure (H); Fire & explosion (H)• Physical hazards: -Trapped (H)Slip, trip and fall (H)Falling objects (H) Electrical Shocks (H)Poor visibility (H)Temperature extremes (H)Noise (H);Risk of drowning. (H)


• Regulation compliance (4.3.2);• Must possess AGT license from DOSH (4.3.2);• Gas Testing Equipment user guidelines (4.4.4)• Permit To Work System (4.4.4)• Safe working practice (full PPE) (4.4.6)• Provision of breathing apparatus, rescue harnesses (4.4.7)• Emergency Response Preparedness (4.4.7);• Communication system (walkie talkie) (4.4.6);• Capabilities of rescuers (4.4.1);

• Authorized Entrant & Standby Person for Confined Space Training (4.4.2);• Authorized Gas Tester (4.4.2);• Confined Space Rescue Training (4.4.2);• Competency Assessment (4.4.1)









Training is to be done once in 2 years

Work at Desk/Office WorkHazards Identified: -• Eyestrain and eye irritation (visual problems) (M);•Back pain (M)•Slip, trip and falls (M)• Office temperature & humidity (L)• Noise and/or vibration (L);•Electrical hazards (L).


• Manual handling plans (4.4.4);• Quality of light inspection (4.4.6);• Plan for a layout design that can control noise (noise privacy) (4.4.6);• Air quality assessment (4.3.2 & 4.4.6);

• Ergonomics Awareness Program (4.4.2);

•Indoor Air Quality Test (4.4.5)







Training once in 2 years

Air quality test once in 2 years

Warehouse SafetyHazards Identified: -• Trip, Slips and Falls (H);•Hit by a falling object (H);•Fall from height (H);•Manual handling injury (H);•Accident involving a fork lift truck (H);•Exposure to hazardous substances (H).


• Avoid working at height (comply to Reg 12,FMA) (4.3.2) •Proper storage of materials in warehouse (4.4.6); •Housekeeping Record (4.4.6);• Safety walkabout record (4.4.1 and 5);• Full PPE (4.4.1);• Competent Forklift Driver (4.4.1);• Materials inventory record (4.4.5);•Manual Handling Manuals (comply to The Manual Handling Operations Regulations 2002)(4.3.2)• Hazardous Substances Manual Handling (4.3.2)

• Immediate and weekly housekeeping program (4.4.2);

•Forklift & Warehouse Safety Training (4.4.2);

•Competency Assessment for Forklift Driver (4.4.1)

•Rigging & Slinging Training (4.4.2)

•Dangerous Good Handling Training(4.3.2 & 4.4.2)







Training once in 2 years

Competency Assessment once a year.

Working with hands Hazards identified:•Burns to the hands (H);•Irritate skin (chemicals substances) (H);•tetanus and hepatitis C are infections that can be transmitted through hand wounds (H);•Strains and sprains (H);•Cuts & wounds (H).


• Hand and fingers injury prevention program (4.4.2);

• Safety alert is shared upon incidents (4.4.3)







Every quarterly of the year (for training)

For safety alerts (upon incidents)

• Use gloves appropriate for the job and temperature;• Before hands become too cold, take time to warm them up;• Chemicals containers correctly labelled and understandable;•Wash well with soap and warm water or use special cleansers;• Don't wipe your hands with chemically contaminated rags.• Use barrier creams ;•Use safe handling techniques;• Always obtain first aid for every injury, no matter how minor; •Beware of broken floors and torn or curled rugs or mats.•Use handrails on stairs.•Never jump down from a platform, scaffold, loading dock or other height.•Use ladders properly for climbing.•When moving heavy or bulky things, use a lifting device or ask for help

Your hands and fingers turn numb at minus 15oC, which can increase the risk of accidents.

Infection & Disease

Hazards Identified: -

• Outbreaks and endemic disease (H);• Health effects (H);•Death (H).


• Random Epidemiological investigations and studies (4.4.6);• Quantitative microbial risk assessment (4.4.6);• Exposure assessment;• Dose-response assessment (4.4.6);• Isolation plan (4.4.7);• Emergency Response Plans (Crisis Management) 4.4.7;• Ventilation (4.4.6);• Full PPE (4.4.6).

•Identify sources of infection by: -(i) Initial collection of

the case;(ii) Transport of case

from initial collections points;

(iii) Storage of case (isolation);

(iv) Hygienic treatment, such as cleaning, disinfection, etc; (4.4.1, 4 and 5);

• Awareness training (4.4.2)







Immediately until zero risks achieved.

Education

Ohsas18001