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2012/10/10: Open Educational Resources: Policy, Technology and Practices, Presentation by Sanjaya Mishra at the Training programme for the Faculty of Bangladesh Open University organized by the National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS), NOIDA. Also presented at the Technical Workshop on Virtual Open Schooling on 11/02/2013.
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Commonwealth Educational Media Centre for Asia
Open Educational Resources
Policy, Technology and Practice
Definition
teaching, learning and research materials in any medium, digital or otherwise, that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that permits no-cost access, use, adaptation and redistribution by others with no or limited restrictions. Open licensing is built within the existing framework of intellectual property rights as defined by relevant international conventions and respects the authorship of the work
History and Developments
MIT OpenCourseWare, 2001 UNESCO Forum on the Impact of Open
Courseware for Higher Education in Developing Countries, 2002
OLI-CMU, 2002 OER Paris Declaration 2012 COMOSA OER Policy
What is “Open”?
It’s about open license used to share educational material
Reuse Revise Remix Redistribute No permission required as long as the
open license is respected
Benefits of OER
Promote lifelong learning Contribute to social inclusion, gender
equity and education for the special needs
Improve cost-efficiency and quality of teaching and learning
Major issues
Understanding open license Developing OER OER Policy development
Open Licenses
Creative Commons CC-BY CC-BY-SA CC-BY-NC CC-BY-NC-SA CC-BY-ND CC-BY-NC-ND
Concepts Attribution Share Alike Non-Commercial Non-Derivative
Technology and Platforms
Wikipedia, Wikieducator, Wikivarsity Wikispaces, etc. Connexions MIT OpenCourseware OLI-CMU FlexiLearn OpenLearn
Searching OER
Activity to search OER– Search one video on OER under CC license– Search a course in OER on a subject of your
interest
Wiki-approach to content development and teaching
Meaning quick, quick is a Hawaiian word, coined by Ward Cunningham in 2005
Popular example is Wikipedia User can edit the pages History of the page created can be
checked and reverted back Courses are open to all Provides a collaborative learning
platform to the learners
OER Use Case Study 1
• Open Education, 2007
• David Wiley taught a 3 credit course using Wiki
• Used weekly reading and blogging
• Assignments and grading
• Over 50 learners took this course
OER use Case Study 2• SLM Development,
2008• Sanjaya Mishra
trained 20 individuals to write self-learning materials
• Used weekly reading and GoogleGroup
• Wiki-based Tasks to develop SLM using wiki
• Learning contract, certification, online activities, visible outputs
OER use Case Study 3
• Bangladesh Open School, SLM Training
• F2F and Online training
• Development of Units
• Collaborative course Development
Wiki in Course Development
MediaWiki Server can be configured to have two iteration of the same course content
One for the Course Team, and the other for learners' access
Course Team member work to prepare the materials that may require content expertise, media expertise (graphics, audio, video, animation), interaction expertise, and instructional design expertise
Quality benchmarks can be developed to see that the material has reached certain level of maturity, and can be transported to the open access platform for the learners' use
Advantages of Wiki-based OER
Updating and revision of courses become easy Learner participation in course, and their
engagement will improve Some of the user generated content may be useful
in revision Courses will become live and dynamic rather than
static and outdated Quality of the course would improve as it will
adhere to copyright regulations (as it will be open) Open content licensing policy can be adopted Courses can be developed fast using OER
Advantages of Wiki-based OER
Print copies can be developed automatically using PediaPress PDF server
Print-on-demand facility can be used Less paper use, and digital preservation of content
with each editing recored Resources other than main text can also be
integrated including Slideshare, YouTube, MindMap, Google Calender, etc.
Online quiz, and self-assessment activities can be in-built within the learning material
Discussion Forum can be built around lessons
Myths about Wikis
Wikis are not reliable Anyone can edit wiki pages Using Wiki will make courses
constructivist Wiki Courses does not need
management Wikis promote plagiarism
Any one can teach
WikiEducator Demonstration and practice
Creating user page Cheat Sheet
THANK YOU