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Keynote presentation at ELI 2011.
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Openness, Analytics, and Continuous Quality Improvement
David Wiley, PhDDepartment of Instructional Psychology & Technology
Brigham Young University
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If the Book Didn’t Change Schools
Can the computer?Can the internet?
Openness… In Education?
Let’s begin by defining terms
Open, adj.
Describes educational artifacts
Open Textbooks
Open Educational Resources
Open Courseware
(Open Source Software)
Open, adj.
Teaching materials freely shared with permissions to engage in the “4R” activities
The 4Rs
Reuse – copy verbatimRedistribute – share with others
Revise – adapt and improveRemix – combine with others
Communicate 4Rs Permissions
Since this overrides default copyright,you must use a copyright license
Offers easy to use 4R’s licenses
While Nouns Differ…
The operationalizing actions are the same
Open, adj.
Generous, sharing, giving
Open, adj.
Providing (1) access and (2) local control
Your Inner Two-year Old
Overcoming the impulse to scream“Mine!”
Law and Policy “Enable” Us
To shout “Mine!” ever more loudly,convulse ever more uncontrollably,
and hit each other with ever larger toys
Society’s Siren Song
“Be selfish. Keep it to yourself. It’s legal. It’s ok.”
Education Is Not Immune
This kind of thinking is accepted
Role of Openness in Education?
A terrible, insidious question
Openness is the only means of doing education.
If There Is No Sharing
There is no education
Successful Educators
Share most thoroughly with the most students
Expertise Is Nonrivalrous
Can be given without being given away
“He who receives ideas from me, receives instruction himself without lessening mine; as he who lights his taper at mine receives light without darkening me.”
Thomas Jefferson
Expressions Are Different
To give a book you must give it away
Expressions Are Different
To give a book you must give it away
Expressions Are Different
Digital expressions are nonrivalrous
n’t^
E.g., Online Book
We can all read simultaneously
An Indescribable Advance
The first time in human history
Expertise and Its Expressions
Give without giving away
Unprecedented Capacity
We can share as never before
Unprecedented Capacity
We can educate as never before
Stewardship
For which we are accountable
Open Educational Resources
Open Course Ware
Open Course Ware
Open Courses
Open Courses
Open Textbooks
Open Textbooks
Repository Examples
OpenCourseWare Examples
Open Courses Examples
Open Textbook Examples
Expanded Funding
Department of Labor
$2 Billion for high-demand two year programs
Not Just Foundation Funding
Accreditation
Get credit for what you know
University of the People
OER University
Mozilla Badge Lab
Practical Analytics
Making use of data
Each and Every Interaction
Recorded and stored for analysis
If Only We Could Get Data!
We could do analyses (aka research) too
Canvas
Even the Grocer!
Almost every industry (1) gathers and (2) uses data more effectively than we do
What Kind of Data?
Assessment dataConstruct-relevant behavioral data
Assessment Data
Difficulty estimatesDiscrimination estimates
Per standard expertise estimates(Not just “grades”)
Behavioral Data
When they logged in, read, and workedHow long they logged in, read, and worked
Pathway informationSocial network analysis
&c.
What If You Could Know
Which students need the most help?Specifically what those students need help on
(academic or behavioral)?The least effective parts of you curriculum?
Which parts of your tests are malfunctioning?
Teaching as Science
With sufficient amounts of data,and appropriate commitment, it’s possible
Learning Analytics
Can tell us who and what needs help
Openness
Gives us permission to make changes / adaptations / improvements
Pointless
Knowing what needs fixed, when you don’t have permission to fix it
Pointless
Having permission to fix things,when you don’t know where to start
Openness + Analytics
Enable Continuous Quality Improvement
Curriculum Use
Curriculum Redesign
StudentPerformance
Data
Data Describing Curriculum
Performance
Data Supporting Strategic Tutoring
TheLoop
“Strategic Tutoring?”
What if we could do one-on-one tutoring just-in-time and just-on-topic?
You Would Have to Know
Who needs help right now?What do they need help on?
Strategic Tutoring
1. Online curriculum teaches as much as possible
2. Teachers do proactive, data-based, one-on-one outreach
Teacher Becomes Tutor
Has the computer replaced the teacher?
As broadcast machinery, yes.
The Loop and Conjoint CQI
Student learning AND curriculum effectivenessgrow simultaneously
But Tutoring Data are Out-of-Band!
Where does the data go?
If the Book Didn’t Change Schools
Can openness?Can analytics?
Can openness + analytics?
Reconsider Your Stewardship
CQI is possible today
Do you have an ethical or moral responsibility to engage?
