Women and integration: opportunities and risks

Patrizia FarinaUniversity Milano Bicocca

The project INTERREG WEST - 2005

Target: to establish an observatory on trafficking and sexual exploitation

Women and integration: opportunities and risks Patrizia Farina Rome 17 - 18 June 2013

• In 2007 the Observatory become effective (Orim)• The network includes today all organizations (around 30) working

on fields of Reception services and/or Streets services in Lombardy• The organizations enter data on their own • Statisticians get data two times a year and prepare a yearly report

Information Sources (Two Forms)

Street Units ServicesReception Services

Women, Men, Transgender on the streets

•Provide different information•Satisfy different targets

Women

Monitoring the evolution of prostitution on the streets

Monitoring exit paths and risk factors

Women and integration: opportunities and risks Patrizia Farina Rome 17 - 18 June 2013

STREET UNIONS – WHO AND WHENYEAR CONTACT SUBJECT WHEN (NIGHT/DAY, %) FIRST CONTACT

(%)

2007 10,050 2,589 74 56… … … … …2011 15,109 3,491 67 50

• How many (over the years)• Who (nationality, gender)• Turn over (first contact)• Need (health, work, escape from prostitution)

Women Transgender Transvestite Man Total89.7 5.7 0.3 4.3 100Who Nationality (%) Women Romania (42), Nigeria (31) Albania (7)Transgender Brasile (49) Perù (30) Argentina (6)Transvestite Brasile (47) Perù (14) Italy (14)Man Romania (37) Italy (14) Bulgaria (11)

Reception Services

First Aid

1st reception

2st reception

Autonomy

• Monitoring efficiency of the services• Monitoring the progress of the individual project

Background informationCome from XY associationData of birth Country of originMarital statusChildrenEducationWork status at country of originYear of arrivalKnowledge to become a prostituteTravel from country of originPassport at the border Social path - 18 months (every step has data)Work status at the entranceLegal status at the entrancePermit of residence (obtained data)Faced a processSocial activity during the periodExit from the project and reasonsWork status at the endLegal status at the end

Women and integration: opportunities and risks Patrizia Farina Rome 17 - 18 June 2013

N. of crossed countries (%)

Crossed countries (%)

The journey and the route of trafficking

One country 51,.4Two countries 35.7Three countries 9.24+ countries 3.7Total 100

Direct to Italy 18.3 Germany 3.0France 28.5 The Netherlands 2.0Spain 10.7 Slovenia 1.8Lybia 8.2 Morocco 1.6Austria 7.8 Switzerland 1.6Hungary 7.1 Other 6.4Greece 3.0 Total 100

The «dark» number

ITALIAN 74.9FOREIGNER 25.1Main countries: Romania, Morocco, Ecuador, China Perù

VICTIMS (%)

OFFENDERS (%)ITALIAN 68.2FOREIGNER 31.8Romania, Morocco, Egypt, China, Albania, Bangladesh, Tunisia 1-6%)

VICTIMS AND OFFENDERS (%)SAME NATIONALITY 67.2BOTH FOREIGNER 16.2BOTH ITALIAN 59.3FOREIGN VICTIM - ITALIAN OFFENDER 8.9ITALIAN VICTIM - FOREIGN OFFENDER 15.6

Most frequently used words Corriere della sera and Repubblica, 2011

30% of women are from Almost 60% married

Perù 17.2Morocco 9.7Ecuador 6.9Brazil 4.8Philippines 4.8Romania 4.8Albania 3.4China 3.4Moldavia 3.4Polonia 3.4Sri Lanka 2.8Ucraina 2.8El Salvador 2.1

Network (%)Women Family FriendItalian 68 30foreigner 36 35

STATISTICHE FUNZIONALI ALL’AZIONEMOLTIPLICARE LE SORGENTI INFORMATIVE

ACCETTARE IL COMPROMESSO MIGLIORARE L’INFORMAZIONE