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The 3 types of ionising radiation
P2 Concept 2
Can radiation be stopped?
• recall the three types of ionising radiation emitted by radioactive materials
• distinguish between alpha, beta and gamma radiation by their properties – penetration & ionising ability
Notes…A radiation is ionising if it has enough energy remove electrons from atoms, producing ions.
The ionising ability of the 3 types of radiation can be seen using a spark counter. When atoms in the air is ionised, sparks will jump across.
If ionisation happens to atoms in individual cells, the ions
produced can damage DNA. This mutation can lead to cancer.
Demonstration
Watch carefully and note down your observations.
Demonstration
Watch the demo and think about these questions:
• Which radiation is easily stopped?• Which radiation is the most ionising?
Radiation Source Range in air Stopped by Ionisation
alpha
beta
gamma
Recap
Check learning - Explain
Look at the information you have recorded. 1. Which radiation is most easily stopped?2. Which radiation is most ionising?3. Suggest how your answers might be related.
Applying ideasAmericium-241 emits alpha particles. The fact that it is radioactive would not help doctors detect that it was in a patient’s body. Explain why.
alpha
beta
gamma
alpha
beta
gamma
paper
alpha
beta
gamma
aluminium
alpha
beta
gamma
paper
aluminium lead
Copy the table into the back of your book4
3
2
6
6
4
6
2
1
9 5
6
0Starter Designed by Eugene Brunet; Adapted for PowerPoint by A. Camburn, St George School