Presentazione di PowerPoint
Access to the intellectual resources
without barriers
Participatory Democracy and Social Developmentby Francesca
Ravanelli Bressanone, 6-7-8 Sept 2012
a dream?
it can be possible to do...
in the last several century...the intellectual resources have
been stored in strong and imposing buildings ...
for a few people...
http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bodleian_Library.jpg
NOWADAYS...
The Internet offers instead everyone the opportunity to access
to the intellectual resources
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/16/science/16visuals.htmlA new
map of knowledge based on electronic data searches in which users
moved from one journal to another, thus establishing associations
between them. from the Ny York Times published: March 16, 2009
Knowledge is now on the web
The power of the Web is in its universality.Access by everyone
regardlessof disability is essential aspect.
Tim Berners-Lee ,W3C Director and inventor of the World Wide
Web
Content is accessible when it may be usedby someone with a
disability
Glossary, W3C Recomandetion
someone with a diversity...Ethnicity &
CultureGenderAgeESL/Native languageLearning
Styles/IntelligencesDisability
someone with a disability...
Mobility ImpairmentsBlindness/Visual ImpairmentsDeafness/Hearing
ImpairmentsSpeech disabilitiesLearning DisabilitiesCognitive and
neurological disabilities
Short-term and long-term, apparent and non-apparent....
The Web is fundamentally designed to work for all people,
whatever their hardware, software, language, culture, location,
either physical or mental ability. When the Web meets this goal, it
is accessible to people with a diverse range of hearing, movement,
sight, and cognitive ability...
Thus the impact of disability is radically changed on the Web
because the Web removes barriers to communication and interaction
that many people face in the physical world.
http://www.w3.org/standards/webdesign/accessibility
W3C = www Consortium, Tim Berners Lee Director and inventor of
the World Wide WebWAI = a section of W3CW eb A ccessibility I
nitiative
These guidelines are the basis of most web accessibility law in
the world. Version 2.0 of these guidelines, published in December
2008, are based on four principles:
Perceivable: Available to the senses (vision and hearing
primarily) either through the browser or through assistive
technologies (e.g. screen readers, screen enlargers, etc.)Operable:
Users can interact with all controls and interactive elements using
either the mouse, keyboard, or an assistive device.Understandable:
Content is clear and limits confusion and ambiguity.Robust: A wide
range of technologies (including old and new user agents and
assistive technologies) can access the content.
These first letters of these four principles spell the word
POUR. This may help you remember them.
Remember this word:PerceivableOperableUnderstandableRobust
TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACH
Butonly a technological view is not enough
another point of view is necessary
http://maurovanni.blogspot.it/2009/02/testa-in-giu-perche-e-piu-facile.html
Design for All the new point of viewWe shoudnt think only about
disability
A METAPHOR
One of the most often cited examples is the curb cut, which is
used by people on roller blades or skate boards, parents pushing
strollers, travelers hauling luggage, people making deliveries with
hand carts, and others, ...as well by people with disabilities.
Similarly, many people benefit from the provision of automatic
doors, elevators, door handles instead of knobs, and so on.
A holistic approach for Accessibility design is based on
UNIVERSAL DESIGN (UD)
DESIGN FOR ALL (DfA)
and
Universal Instructional Design (UDI)
Universal design is the design of products and environments to
be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without
the need for adaptation or specialized design. Ran Mace
Universal Design promotes the consideration of the needs of all
potential users in the planning and development of a space,
product, or programan approach that is equally applicable to
architecture or education.
Universal Design is based on 7 principles
that can be extended in
Learning Environements
and in Online-Learning Environments
The ultimate acid test of online software is its ability to
cater to users with disabilities. Software which effectively serves
their needs could just be the best software for all users.Baggaley
J, 2007
PRINCIPLE ONE: Equitable Use The design is useful and accessible
for people with diverse abilities and in diverse locations. The
same means of use should be provided for all students, identically
whenever possible or in an equivalent form when not.
PRINCIPLE TWO: Flexibility in Use The design accommodates a wide
range of individual preferences and abilities.
PRINCIPLE THREE: Simple and Intuitive Use Use of the design is
easy to understand, regardless of the user's experience, knowledge,
language skills, or current concentration level.
PRINCIPLE FOUR: Perceptible Information The design communicates
necessary information effectively to the user, regardless of
ambient conditions or the user's sensory abilities
PRINCIPLE FIVE: Tolerance for Error The design minimizes hazards
and the adverse consequences of accidental or unintended
actions.
PRINCIPLE SIX: Low Physical and thecnical Effort The design can
be used efficiently and comfortably and with a minimum of phisical
or mental fatigue.
PRINCIPLE SEVEN: Size and Space for Approach and Use Appropriate
size and space is provided for approach, reach, manipulation, and
use regardless of user's body size, posture, or mobility.
CHILDREN REPRESENT A TYPE OF DIVERSITY
The Universal Design principles (CUD1995) have been adapted to
education through a number of models that emerged in the last
decade, including Universal Design for Learning, Universal Design
for Instruction, and Universal Instructional Design
UNIVERSAL DESIGN FOR INSTRUCTION
An approach to teaching that consist of the proactive design and
use inclusive instructional strategies that benefit a broad range
of learners including student of disabilities
UD + UDI
ACCESSIBLE WEBSITES to access to knowledge
ACCESSIBLE LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS
ACCESSIBILE DISTANCE LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS
Many resources in this site:Association
onHigherEducationAndDisabilityhttp://www.ahead.org/resources/universal-design/resources
An approach that goes toward the social justice perspective,
which combines elements of the minority group model and the social
construction model, takes both the individual and the environment
into consideration.
In effect, society often creates disability by considering some
forms of being and doing as normal and correct and others as
dysfunctional and not normal.
It is the environment that needs to be changed rather than the
individual (Fine & Asch, 2000).
Internet can enhance the opportunites for all people to
partecipate More partecipatory democracy
Center for Research on Developmental Education and Urban
Literacy, College of Education and Human Development, University of
Minnesota, Minneapolis,
MN.www.cehd.umn.edu/passit/docs/PASS-IT-Book.pdf
E-learning e disabilit.Progettare laccessibilit, promuovere
linclusione.Eleonora Guglielman Universit degli Studi Roma
Trehttp://www.scribd.com/doc/48568200/E-learning-e-disabilita-Progettare-l%E2%80%99accessibilita-promuovere-l%E2%80%99inclusione
http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/rt/printerFriendly/869/1575Universal
Instructional design Principles for MoodleTanya Elias Altabasca
university, Canada
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!Bressanone 6, 7, 8 Sept 2012
