The elements and The elements and principles principles

of art are guidelines of art are guidelines that help artists create that help artists create

artworksartworks

The Elements of ArtThe Elements of Art

The Principles of ArtThe Principles of Art

You do not need to understand the elements and principles of art to appreciate a work of art.

You need the elements and You need the elements and principles of art to know principles of art to know whywhy you appreciate a work of art. you appreciate a work of art.

PatternPattern

Rhythm Rhythm

TextureTexture

This presentation will focus This presentation will focus on on thesethese elements and elements and

principles:principles:

A A patternpattern is a repetition of is a repetition of one or more elements.one or more elements.

Pattern has two main Pattern has two main functions functions

in art and design:in art and design:To organize or unify an To organize or unify an area or objectarea or object

To provide visual To provide visual enrichment and interestenrichment and interest

Every pattern involves the Every pattern involves the repeated use of a basic unitrepeated use of a basic unit..The unit

that repeats is called a motif.

Every pattern involves the Every pattern involves the repeated use of a basic unit.repeated use of a basic unit.

There are two motifs present in

this design.One is

repeated three times.

Every pattern involves the Every pattern involves the repeated use of a basic repeated use of a basic unit.unit.

The other motif

is repeated four times.

A A modulemodule is a is a three-dimensional motif.three-dimensional motif.

Each book in Each book in this sculpture this sculpture is a module. is a module. The modules The modules

create a create a pattern.pattern.

Most visual Most visual patterns are patterns are

planned.planned.

A A planned patternplanned pattern is a precise, regular is a precise, regular repetition of motifs. repetition of motifs.

The simplest The simplest pattern is achieved pattern is achieved

by repeating a motif by repeating a motif in a single row or in a single row or

along several along several similar rows or similar rows or

columns.columns.

A grid pattern is formed by A grid pattern is formed by intersecting vertical and horizontal intersecting vertical and horizontal

lines or shapes.lines or shapes.

A grid A grid pattern is pattern is formed by formed by

intersecting intersecting vertical and vertical and horizontal horizontal

lines or lines or shapesshapes..An overall An overall

grid pattern grid pattern provides provides

equal equal emphasis emphasis

throughout a throughout a design.design.

Grid patterns are not limited to Grid patterns are not limited to left and right or up and downleft and right or up and down

Designs made simply of Designs made simply of linear or grid patterns can be linear or grid patterns can be

rigid or monotonousrigid or monotonous..

Ways to do this include usingWays to do this include using Half-Drop,Half-Drop, Alternating,Alternating, RadialRadial oror

Random Random patterns.patterns.

To make a more complicated or To make a more complicated or interesting design the placement of motifs interesting design the placement of motifs

within a pattern may be manipulated.within a pattern may be manipulated.

A A half-drop half-drop designdesign

lowers each lowers each row half the row half the height of the height of the row above it.row above it.

A half-drop A half-drop design creates a design creates a

pattern that pattern that seems to have a seems to have a

wavy movement.wavy movement.

Alternating Alternating patternspatterns are are similar to similar to half-drop half-drop designs, designs,

but are much but are much less rigid.less rigid.Alternating patterns Alternating patterns

are not limited to are not limited to equal spacing or equal spacing or

motifs, motifs, but are planned and but are planned and

organized organized logically & logically &

consistently.consistently.

Radial Radial PatternsPatterns are are based on a based on a branching out branching out from a central from a central point.point. Radial patterns are Radial patterns are generally active and generally active and structurally strong. structurally strong.

They speed up our They speed up our eye movement as we eye movement as we follow the motifs in, follow the motifs in, out and around the out and around the

pattern.pattern.

Random patternsRandom patterns are created are created by chance and without by chance and without organization.organization.

The lack of a rigid plan The lack of a rigid plan often contributes a feeling often contributes a feeling of wildness or energy to a of wildness or energy to a

design.design.

Borders and bands are used to Borders and bands are used to emphasize emphasize

the edge of a form or to highlight a the edge of a form or to highlight a particular area.particular area.

Borders and bands can make a composition Borders and bands can make a composition visually stronger. They may add a color, shape, visually stronger. They may add a color, shape,

or texture that adds contrast and increase or texture that adds contrast and increase interest. interest.

Borders and bands are used to emphasize Borders and bands are used to emphasize the edge of a form or to highlight a the edge of a form or to highlight a

particular area.particular area.

They can also lend elegance and They can also lend elegance and individuality individuality to a design.to a design.

Visual RhythmVisual Rhythm is the arrangement of is the arrangement of elements to shows elements to shows movementmovement. .

Elements are combined to create a series of regular Elements are combined to create a series of regular pauses for the viewerpauses for the viewer’s eyes, creating a rhythm. ’s eyes, creating a rhythm.

Compositional movementCompositional movement is the path a viewer is the path a viewer’s ’s gaze is directed due to the arrangement of gaze is directed due to the arrangement of

elements elements in an artworkin an artwork..

Regular RhythmRegular Rhythm – creates a – creates a repeated pattern repeated pattern that is both that is both predictable and predictable and continuous.continuous.

Types of RhythmTypes of Rhythm

Flowing RhythmFlowing Rhythm – – produces produces

compositional compositional movement along a movement along a

definite path. definite path. This motion creates This motion creates

a flowing rhythm a flowing rhythm that is continuous, that is continuous,

without sudden without sudden change in directionchange in direction..

Types of RhythmTypes of Rhythm

Alternating Alternating RhythmRhythm - has - has two or more two or more different different motifs that motifs that repeat repeat regularly.regularly.

Types of RhythmTypes of Rhythm

Progressive RhythmProgressive Rhythm – – when a rhythm changes when a rhythm changes

in a predictable or regular way.in a predictable or regular way.

Types of RhythmTypes of Rhythm

Unexpected RhythmUnexpected Rhythm - has motifs or modules - has motifs or modules which repeat in no apparent orderwhich repeat in no apparent order..

Types of Types of RhythmRhythm

TextureTexture is the physical surface structure is the physical surface structure of a material.of a material.

Real TexturesReal Textures are those that can actually are those that can actually be touched. Real textures offer both look be touched. Real textures offer both look

and feel.and feel.

TextureTexture is the physical surface is the physical surface structure of a material.structure of a material.

Implied Implied TexturesTextures are those that are those that are simulated are simulated or invented. or invented. Implied textures Implied textures provide only the provide only the appearance of appearance of texture.texture.

Textures in artworks often provide visual Textures in artworks often provide visual interest – even when they cannot be interest – even when they cannot be

touched.touched.

Texture is essential in paintings and Texture is essential in paintings and drawings to portray objects realistically.drawings to portray objects realistically.

Invented textures can be used to Invented textures can be used to enhance abstract and enhance abstract and

nonrepresentational art. nonrepresentational art. In such works, texture can suggest In such works, texture can suggest

certain certain feelings and moods.feelings and moods.

Textures and textural contrast can also Textures and textural contrast can also function function

as organizational devices: they may unify an as organizational devices: they may unify an area or create patterns and movement area or create patterns and movement

within a compositionwithin a composition..

Gustav Klimt &the Art Nouveau

Movement

Art Nouveau(French for 'new art') is an international style of art,architecture and design that peaked in popularity at the beginning of the 20th century (1880-1914) and is characterized by highly-stylized, flowing, curvilinear designs often incorporating floral and other plant-inspired motifs.

Medicine (Hygieia) 1900 – 07 430 x 300 cm,Oil on canvas

Art NouveauThe name 'Art Nouveau' derived from the name of a shop in Paris, Maison de l'Art Nouveau. The style was not an immediate success in Paris but rapidly spread to BelgiumIn the United Kingdom Art Nouveau developed out of the Arts and Crafts Movement.In Vienna, Austria Gustav Klimt emerged as one of the most well known Art Nouveau artists

The work of the Austrian painter and illustrator Gustav Klimt, b. July 14, 1862, d. Feb. 6, 1918, founder of the school of painting known as the Vienna Secession, embodies the high-keyed erotic, psychological, and aesthetic preoccupations of turn-of-the-century Vienna's dazzling intellectual world. He has been called the leading proponent of ART NOUVEAU.