PEOPLE OF THE SOUTHWEST REGION

Mr. Ball’s 4th grade class

WHICH IS TRUE ABOUT THE NAVAJO HOGANS?

a. They were made of poles that were covered with a layer of soil and bark.

b. They were built so that their doors faced west—toward the rising sun.

c. They were considered sacred houses even after the owner died.

d. They were blessed with the pollen of the soybean plant.

WHAT WAS THE DESTINATION OF THE NAVAJO

ON “THE LONG WALK”?

A. Fort Defiance

b. Santa Fe

c. Bosque Redondo

d. Fort Wingate

WHICH OF THESE IS NOT TRUE ABOUT “THE LONG

WALK”?

a. The walk covered 300 miles.

b. Many Navajo died during the walk.

c. The Navajo found plenty of food, clothing,

and homes at the end of the walk.

d. The Navajo found poor soil and unsafe

water at the end of their walk.

WHICH DESCRIBES THE NAVAJO TRIBAL

COUNCIL TODAY?

A. ts council members meet with its

chairman, Henry Chee Dodge.

b. It has 12 alternates who are elected by

the Navajo people.

c. It has council members and a chairperson

who are elected every four years.

d. It has 12 delegates who meet with the

Secretary of the Interior.

WHICH OF THESE WAS NOT A PURPOSE OF

THE SPANISH MISSIONS?

a. to make Christians of the Native

Americans

b. to support itself by raising crops and

livestock

c. to provide a place for Native American

rituals

d. to claim land

WHAT IS ONE WAY THAT SPANISH MISSIONS

HELPED THE NATIVE AMERICANS?

A. Some gave the Native Americans money

to buy their own houses and food.

b. Some protected the Native Americans

from their enemies.

c. They set up reservations where the Native

Americans could live with their families.

d. They built hogans so that the Native

Americans could perform their rituals.

WHICH OF THESE WAS NOT BROUGHT TO THE

SOUTHWEST BY THE SPANISH?

A. cattle ranching

b. Mexican and Spanish foods

c. hogan building

d. Spanish language

WHICH OF THESE CULTURES HAS THE MOST

INFLUENCE IN THE SOUTHWEST TODAY?

A. Spanish

b. French

c. German

d. Italian

HOW DID PHILIP ARMOUR HELP THE CATTLE

INDUSTRY GROW IN THE SOUTHWEST?

A He was the first person to round up and brand wild longhorns in the Southwest.

b. He brought cattle from Spain to Texas, and the cattle were left behind when he and other missionaries left.

c. He started a meat-packing industry in Chicago that helped the market for beef grow.

d. He developed a way to use the hides, horns, hooves, and tallow of the cattle for different products.

WHY DID TEXAS COWBOYS NEED AN EASY WAY

TO GET THEIR CATTLE TO KANSAS?

A. Kansas had much more open grazing land

for the cattle than Texas did.

b. People living in Kansas enjoyed eating

beef much more than the people of Texas.

c. The cattle could be sent to meat-packing

plants from the railroad towns in Kansas.

d. The people of Texas did not allow cattle to

be raised or sold within the state’s borders.

WHICH WAS NOT A JOB OF THE COWBOYS IN

THE SOUTHWEST?

A. building missions

b. training horses

c. guarding cattle

d. driving cattle

WHERE DID THE CHISHOLM TRAIL BEGIN?

A. Houston, Texas

b. San Antonio, Texas

c. Ellsworth, Kansas

d. Santa Fe, New Mexico

WHICH IS NOT A WAY THAT RANCHING IN THE

SOUTHWEST TODAY IS DIFFERENT FROM

RANCHING IN THE PAST?

A. Ranchers raise crops to feed the animals.

b. The animals drink mainly from water wells, so they don’t have to travel far.

c. Open range grasslands are available for shared grazing.

d. Many ranchers fence their land to keep cattle from wandering off.

HOW HAS IRRIGATION CHANGED ARIZONA?

A. Rain falls in Arizona much more often now.

b. Cacti, such as the saguaro, can grow there now.

c. Most of Arizona now has become a hot, dry desert.

d. Land that once was dry is now rich farmland.

.

HOW HAS AIR CONDITIONING AFFECTED THE

SOUTHWEST?

A Humidity is added to the dry Southwest air.

b. It freezes the water in the air around businesses and homes.

c. The heat of the Southwest is more bearable for businesses and families there.

d. Many factories close in the hot summer months.

EARLY TEXAS SETTLERS RAISED CATTLE TO USE

AS __________ FOR THEIR FAMILIES

A. pets

b. income

c. oxen

d. meat

THE ____________ OF THE CATTLE WAS USED

FOR CANDLES AND SOAP

A. meat

b. tallow

c. skin

d. tails

IN 1870 ______________ STARTED A MEAT-

PACKING INDUSTRY IN CHICAGO

A. Oscar Mayer

b. Dolly Madison

c. Phillip Armour

d. Annie Oakley

IN SOUTH TEXAS, MANY COWBOYS WERE OF

___________ DESCENT.

A. Mexican

b. English

c. French

d. German

______________ AND CALAMITY JANE WERE

FAMOUS COWGIRLS WHO PERFORMED IN WILD

WEST SHOWS

A. Dolly Madison

b. Phillip Armour

c. Annie Oakley

d. Rosa Parks

MANY RANCHERS DROVE THEIR CATTLE FROM

TEXAS ALL THE WAY TO _________ ON THE

CHISHOLM TRAIL

A Missouri

b. Alaska

c. Kansas

d. Montana

THE __________ RANCH SPREADS OVER

800,000 ACRES AND IS LARGER THAN THE

STATE OF RHODE ISLAND

A Ponderosa

b. Double-Bar S

c. Queen

d. King

HOW DO YOU THINK THE NAVAJO PEOPLE FELT

AFTER MAKING “THE LONG WALK”? HOW DO

YOU THINK THEY FELT WHEN THEY SAW THEIR

NEW HOMELAND? WHY?

The Navajo probably had mixed feelings.

They probably were happy to be finished

walking and to have made it alive to Bosque

Redondo. They probably also were sad for

the people they lost on the way. After they

saw that their new home had bad soil and

water, the people probably felt sad, scared,

frustrated, or even angry.

WHY DO YOU THINK THE NAVAJO TRIBAL

COUNCIL MADE A SYSTEM OF WRITTEN RULES

Rules help them to govern a large number of

people. All the people can read the rules and

know what is expected of them, and the rules

can be handed down to the next generation.